ד

ד, דּ, Dā̌leth, fourth letter; in modern Heb. = numeral 4; ד̈ = 4000; no evidence of this usage in OT times.

†[דָּאֵב S TWOT GK] vb. become faint, languish (NH id. Hiph.; cf. Arabic دَأَبَ (da˒aba) toil, weary oneself; v. also דְּאָבָה, דְּאָבוֹן & cf. דוב)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. דָּֽאֲבָה ψ 88:10 (subj. עַיִן); Inf. לְדַאֲבָה Je 31:12 לֹא יוֹסִיפוּ לְד׳ (subj. ransomed Israel);—Je 31:25 has נֶפֶשׁ דָּֽאֲבָה, of hunger (|| נֶפֶשׁ עֲיֵפָ֑ה), where adj. or pt. seems needed; Hi Gf דְּאֵבָה or דֹּאֲבָה (the punctuators had, according to them, the Aramaic participle in mind); Thes makes relative clause.

†דְּאָבָה S TWOT GK n.f. faintness, failure of mental energy, dismay Jb 41:14 וּלְפָנָיו תָּדוּץ דְּאָבָה and before him (i.e. the crocodile) danceth dismay.

†[דְּאָבוֹן S TWOT GK] n.[m.] faintness, languishing, cstr. וְכִלְיוֹן עֵינַיִם וְדַאֲבוֹן נָפֶ֑שׁ Dt 28:65 (cf. Lv 26:16 & Syriac ܕܽܘܝܳܒܳܐ ܕܢܰܦܫܳܐ (duyobo dnapšo) v. דוב).

†דָּאַג S TWOT GK vb. be anxious, concerned, fear (Talm דְּאֵיג, דְּאִג id.)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְדָאַג consec. 1 S 9:5; 10:2; 2 fs. דָּאַגְתְּ Is 57:11; Impf. 3 ms. יִדְאָ֑ג Je 17:8; אֶדְאַג ψ 38:19; Pt. דֹּאֵג Je 38:19, דֹּאֲגִים Je 42:16;— 1. be anxious, concerned, with reference to, in behalf of, c. לְ 1 S 9:5; 10:2; id. c. מִן Je 42:16 (famine personif.); sq. מֵחַטָּאתִי ψ 38:19; be anxious, abs. Je 17:8 (|| יָרֵא). 2. fear, dread, sq. acc. of pers. feared Is 57:11 (|| יָרֵא) Je 38:19 (where also sq. cl. with פֶּן).

†דֹּאֵג S GK n.pr.m. an Edomite, servant of Saul 1 S 21:8; 22:9, 18⁽⁾, 22 (v 18⁽⁾, 22 Kt דויג cf. Dr) דּוֹאֵג ψ 52:2 (title).

†דְּאָגָה S TWOT GK n.f. anxiety, anxious care—דְּאָגָה Jos 22:24 + 5 times; anxiety for = for fear of, c. מִן Jos 22:24; anxiety Pr 12:25 (where c. verb. masc. cf. Now), Je 49:23 בַּיָּם ד׳; anxious care Ez 4:16; 12:19 (in both || שִׁמָּמוֹן), 12:18 (|| רַעַשׁ and רָגְזָה).

דָּאג S TWOT GK fish, cf. דָּג sub דגה.

†[דָּאָה S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. fly swiftly, dart through the air (cf. perhaps Arabic دَأْدَأ (da˒da˒) run vehemently (of camel))—Qal Impf. יִדְאֶה Dt 28:49 + 2 times; וַיֵּ֫דֶא ψ 18:11 (> || 2 S 22:11 וַיֵּרָא); fly swiftly, dart, of eagle Dt 28:49, in simile of swift army; of Chaldaeans comp. with eagle, in judgment against Moab & Edom Je 48:40; 49:22 (in both || פרשׂ כנפיו); of י׳ in theoph ψ 18:11 (cf. 2 S 22:11) וַיֵּדֶא על־כנפי רוח (|| וַיִּרְכַּב עַל־כְּרוּב וַיָּעֹף).

†דָּאָה S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.f. a bird of prey, possibly kite (B Saad Bo ^{ii. 191} Di Lv 11:14; Aramaic דַּיְתָא, ܕܰܝܬܳܐ (dayto); NH דַּיָּה of diff. birds of prey; name prob. from flying, swooping), Lv 11:14 forbidden as food; cf. also Dt 14:13 וְהָרָאָת ואת־הָאַיָּה והַדַּיָּה, where for הראה read הַדָּאָה & del. הַדַּיָּה; so Sam G; cf. Di l.c.

†[דַּיָּה S TWOT GK] n.f. id.—frequenting ruins, cf. Di l.c. דַּיּוֹת Is 34:15 (on הַדַּיָּה Dt 14:13 cf. foregoing).

דֹּאר S GK n.pr. v. sub II. דור.

דֹּב S^, TWOT^, GK, דּוֹב v. דבב.

דבא TWOT (? √ of foll.; existence & meaning dub.)

†[דֹּ֫בֶא S TWOT GK] n.[m.] perhaps rest, but sense very doubtful (? Arabic دَبَأَ (daba˒a) rest, Ḳamus; G S T Onk strength, reading perhaps רבאך cf. Sam. רביך, vid. Di) וּכְיָמֶיךָ דָּבְאֶֽךָ׃ Dt 33:25.

†[דָּבַב S TWOT GK] vb. move gently, glide, glide over (NH דָּבַב flow slowly, drop; Arabic دَبَّ (dabba) walk leisurely, gently, دَابَّةٌ (dābbatun) any animal that walks or creeps, cf. דֹּב; Assyrian dabâbu, plot, plan, COT, cf. דִּבָּה)—only Qal Pt. דּוֹבֵב שִׂפְתֵי יְשֵׁנִים Ct 7:10, of wine gliding over the lips of sleepers; (ד׳ שְׂפָתַי וְשִׁנָּי֑ i.e. my lips and teeth G S Aq Gei ⁴⁰⁵).

†דֹּב S^, TWOT^, GK n.m. Pr 28:15, f. 2 K 2:24 (seld.) bear (from soft or gliding motion, NH id., Ethiopic ድብ (dəbb) Assyrian dabû(?) Dl ⁵⁵; Aramaic דּוּבָּא, ܕܶܒܳܐ (debo); Arabic دُبٌّ, دُبَّةٌ (dubbun, dubbatun), is however a loan-word cf. Hom ^{301 f.});—abs. דֹּב Am 5:19 + 5 times; דּוֹב 1 S 17:34 + 2 times; pl. דֻּבִּים 2 K 2:24 Is 59:11;—bear, female 2 K 2:24 2 S 17:8 Pr 17:12 Ho 13:8 cf. Is 11:7; undetermined 1 S 17:34, 36, 37 Am 5:19 Pr 28:15 Is 59:11 La 3:10 (on art. 1 S 17:34 Am 5:19 cf. RS ^{i 119} )

†דִּבָּה S TWOT GK n.f. whispering, defamation, evil report (? as that which glides stealthily)—abs. ד׳ Nu 14:36 Pr 10:18; cstr. דִּבַּת Je 20:10 + 4 times; sf. דִּבָּֽתְךָ Pr 25:10 דִּבָּתָם Gn 37:2;— 1. whispering ψ 31:14 Je 20:10 (Hi Hup De Gf VB; yet cf. Che ψ) 2. defamation Pr 10:18 (c. הוציא). 3. evil report, specif. a (true) report of evil doing Gn 37:2 (P) וַיָּבֵא אֶת־דִּבָּתָם רָעָה; cf. also Pr 25:10 & Ez 36:3 וַתֵּֽעֲלוּ עַל־שְׂפֵת לָשׁוֹן וְדִבַּת־עָ֑ם. unfavourable report of spies Nu 13:32; 14:36, 37 (all P & all c. תוֹצִיא; adj. רעה only 14:37).

†דִּבְיוֹנִים n.[m.] so Qr; = דב יונים dove’s dung (?) 2 K 6:25 for Kt חרייונים; G κόπρου περιστερῶν (Klo gives conject. emend.)

דבל TWOT (Arabic) دَبَلَ (dabala) collect, also make into lumps, gobbets (Lane); Ethiopic & cogn. in deriv.

†דְּבֵלָה S TWOT GK n.f. lump of pressed figs, pressed (fig-) cake (NH דְּבֵילָה, Aramaic id., ܕܒܶܠܬܳܐ (dbelto), = Greek παλάθη; Arabic دُبْلَةٌ (dublatun) lump, large gobbet or mouthful; cf. Assyrian dublu, foundation, & Heb. synon. אֲשִׁישָׁה Dl ⁵⁸)—דְּבֵלָה 1 S 30:12; cstr. דְּבֶלֶת 2 K 20:7 = Is 38:21; pl. דְּבֵלִים 1 S 25:18 1 Ch 12:41;—used as food 1 S 25:18; 30:12 1 Ch 12:41 דְּבֶלֶת תְּאֵנִים, as application to boil, or eruption 2 K 20:7 = Is 38:21.

†[דִּבְלָה S GK] n.pr.loc. only c. ה loc. דִּבְלָ֫תָה Ez 6:14 but read רִבְלָתָה JDMich Hi Sm Co Da.

†[דִּבְלַ֫יִם S GK] n.pr.m. father of Gomer wife of Hosea דִּבְלָ֑יִם Ho 1:3.

דִּבְלָתַ֫יִם S GK in n.pr.loc. v. בית ד׳, עלמן ד׳ (possibly from √ דבל in sense of collect, assemble, Ethiopic ተዳበለ (tadābala) iii. 3 se colligere, መድበል (madbal) coetus, chorus, conventus, concilium)—Je 48:22; דִּבְלָתָ֑יְמָה Nu 33:46, 47.

דָּבַק S TWOT GK, דָּבֵק S TWOT GK vb. cling, cleave, keep close (NH id., Arabic دَبِقَ (dabiqa), Aramaic דְּבֵק, דְּבַק, ܕܒܶܩ, ܕܒܰܩ (dbeq, dbaq))—Qal Pf. דָּבַק 1 K 11:2 + 2 times; וְדָבַק consec. Gn 2:24; דָּבֵ֑ק 2 K 3:3; 3 fs. דָּֽבְקָה Ru 1:14 + 5 times; דָּבֵ֑קָה Job 29:10; 1 s. דָּבַקְתִּי ψ 119:31; 3 pl. דָּֽבְקוּ 2 S 20:2; וְדָֽבְקוּ consec. Dt 28:60; דָּבֵ֑קוּ Jb 41:15; וּדְבַקְתֶּם consec. Jos 23:12; Impf. יִדְבַּק Dt 13:18 + 3 times; 3 fs. תִּדְבַּק 2 K 5:27 ψ 137:6; וַתִּדְבַּק Gn 34:3 + 2 times; sf. תִּדְבָּקַנִי Gn 19:19; 2 ms. תִּדְבָּ֑ק Dt 10:20 Ez 29:4 (del. B Co); 2 fs. תִּדְבָּקִין Ru 2:8, 21; 3 pl. יִדְבְּקוּ Nu 36:7, 9; 2 mpl. תִּדְבָּ֑קוּ Jos 23:8; תִּדְבָּקוּ֑ן Dt 13:5; Inf. cstr. וּלְדָבְקָה־בּוֹ Dt 11:22 + 2 times;—in Hexateuch only JD, except Nu 36:7, 9 (P);— 1. cling, cleave to, a. lit. sq. בְּ Jb 19:20 (bone to skin), so sq. לְ ψ 102:6; sq. אֶל 2 S 23:10 (hand to sword; accidentally om. with other words 1 Ch 11:13 cf. Dr 2 S 23:11), Je 13:11 (girdle to loins), La 4:4 (tongue to roof of mouth, in thirst), so sq. לְ Jb 29:10 ψ 137:6 (as a judgment); so also in metaph. ψ 44:26 דָּֽבְקָה לָאָרֶץ בִּטְנֵנוּ our belly cleaveth to the earth (|| שָׁחָה לֶעָכָּר נַפְשֵׁנוּ), 119:25 דָּֽבְקָה לֶעָפָר נַפְשִׁי; fish to scales of crocodile (fig. of Pharach), sq. בְּ Ez 29:4 (but cf. supr.); abs. (recipr.) of folds of crocodile’s belly Jb 41:15; further of the חֵרֶם remaining in (sticking to) the hand sq. בְּ Dt 13:18; so of spot, stain Jb 31:7. b. so also of abiding on the land of one’s tribe Nu 36:7, 9 (sq. בְּ). c. = remain with, close to sq. עִם Ru 2:8, 21 sq. בְּ v 23. 2. cling, cleave to, a. fig. of loyalty, affection etc., sometimes with idea of physical proximity retained, sq. בְּ Gn 2:24 (J; man to wife) cf. 34:3 (J) 1 K 11:2 Jos 23:12 (D); further Ru 1:14 (Ruth to Naomi); 2 S 20:2 (people to king); especially (sq. בְּ) of cleaving to י׳ Dt 11:22 (|| אָהֵב, הָלַךְ בְּכָל־דְּרָכָיו) 30:20 (|| אָהֵב, שָׁמַע בְּקֹלוֹ), Jos 22:5 (|| אָהֵב, הָלַךְ וגו׳, שָׁמַר מִצְוֹתָיו); cf. further Dt 10:20; 13:5 Jos 23:8 (all D), 2 K 18:6; ψ 63:9 (sq. אַחֲרֵי) & ψ 119:31 דָּבַקְתּי בְעֵֽדְוֹתֶ֑יךָ; so b. of the opposite בְּחַטֹּאות יָֽרָבְעָם … דָּבֵ֑ק 2 K 3:3; c. subj. disease, calamity, sq. בְּ pers. Dt 28:60 2 K 5:27; sq. אַחֲרֵי Je 42:16; sq. acc. Gn 19:19 (J); subj. sin ψ 101:3 (sq. בְּ pers.) Pu. Impf. 3 mpl. יְדֻבָּ֑קוּ pass. of Hiph. 1. sq. בְּ, of crocodile’s scales, they are joined together Jb 41:9 (|| יִתְלַכְּדוּ); abs. of earth-clods Jb 38:38. Hiph. Pf. 3 fs. sf. הִדְבִּיקָ֑תְהוּ Ju 20:42; 3 pl. sf. הִדְבִּיקֻהוּ 2 S 1:6; 1 s. הִדְבַּקְתִּי Je 13:11; וְהִדְבַּקְתִּי Ez 29:4; Impf. juss. יַדְבֵּק Dt 28:21; וַיַּדְבֵּק Gn 31:23; אַדְבִּיק Ez 3:26; וַיַּדְבִּיקוּ Ju 18:22; 20:45; וַיַּדְבְּקוּ 1 S 14:22 + 2 times (cf. Ges ^{53 R 4} Kö ²¹⁰). 1. cause to cling or cleave to, sq. acc. + אֶל, lit. וּלְשׁוֹנְךָ אַדְבִּיק אֶל־חִכֶּ֑ךָ Ez 3:26; v. also 29:4 (sq. acc. + בְּ; lit., but in metaph.); fig. of causing to cleave to י׳ Je 13:11 (sq. acc. + אֶל); cf. further Dt 28:21 (subj. י׳, sq. acc. of disease + בְּ). 2. pursue closely, sq. אַחֲרִי Ju 20:45 1 S 14:22 1 Ch 10:2 = 1 S 31:2 (sq. acc.); so also 2 S 1:6 (sq. acc.) 3. overtake, sq. acc. Gn 31:23 (E), Ju 18:22; cf. 20:42 (subj. הַמִּלְחָמָה). Hoph. Pt. וּלְשׁוֹנִי מֻדְבָּק מַלְקוֹחָ֑י ψ 22:16 and my tongue is made to cleave (to) my gums; cf. sub Qal 1.

†דָּבֵק S TWOT GK adj. clinging, cleaving (to), דּ׳ abs. וְיֵשׁ אֹהֵב דָּבֵק מֵאָח Pr 18:24; דְּבֵקָה לְ 2 Ch 3:12 (of cherub’s wing); of cleaving to הַדְּבֵקִים בְּ י׳ Dt 4:4.

†דֶּ֫בֶק S TWOT GK n.m. Is 41:7 joining, soldering, appendage— 1. דּ׳ joining, soldering Is 41:7. 2. pl. הַדְּבָקִים appendages of breastplate (?) 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33 בֵּין הַדּ׳ ובין הַשִּׁרְיָן. (The Be al. cf. VB: the jointed attachment or appendage to the rigid breat-armour, which covered the abdomen; > Klo proposes appendage of helmet; Thes suggests armpits, lit. joints (cf. מַדְבְּקֵי יָד Je 38:12 T); Ew the soft muscles etc. connecting the chest with the bottom of the back.)

[דָּבַר S TWOT GK^{, ,} ]₁₁₄₂ vb. speak (original meaning dub.; range in order Thes is conjectural and not comprehensive enough; treiben MV does not explain Arabic or Heb. usage, but only Aramaic A meaning go away, sustained by Arabic دَبَرَ بِهِ (dabara bihi) go away with it, would best explain the four branches of usage:—(1) Arabic دَبَرَ (dabara) depart, perish, iv. retreat, fig. retrograde, decline; دَبْرٌ (dabrun) passing away, death; Assyrian dabâru, Pi. drive away, Bez^{Orient. Diplom. Vocab.} Dibbara, pest-god, Hpt in KAT⁵⁰⁰, דֶּבֶר pestilence. (2) Arabic دَبَرَ (dabara) follow behind, in time, place, or station; دَبْرٌ (dabrun) part behind, دُبُرٌ (duburun) back, דְּבִיר hindmost chamber of temple. (3) Syriac ܕܒܰܪ (dbar) lead, guide, cattle, sheep, government, take a wife, = Aramaic דְּבר; Syriac ܕܳܒܽܘܪܳܐ (doburo), Aramaic דַּבָּר leader; Syriac ܕܽܘܒܳܪܳܐ (duboro), Aramaic דַּבָּרָא guidance; Syriac ܕܰܒܪܳܐ (dabro) Aramaic דַּבְרָא, Heb. דֹּבֶר; Syriac ܡܰܕܒܰܪ (madbar), Aramaic מַדְבְּרָא, Heb. מִדְבָּר pasture, wilderness; Arabic دِبْرٌ (dibrun), Syriac ܕܶܒܽܘܪܺܝܬܳܐ (deburito), Aramaic דַּבַּרְתָּא, Heb. דְּבוֹרָה swarm of bees, may be in this line, as led by their queen, so Thes (4) Arabic دَبَّرَ (dabbara) consider the end or issure (of an affair), relate (a story or tradition); دَبَّرَ فِى (dabbara fī) consider, دَبَّرَ عَلَى (dabbara ˓alā) plan against; Ph. דבר speak; Heb. דִּבֶּר etc. Syn. of אָמַר say, as Aramaic מַלֵּל with אֲמַר; Gk. λαλεῖν, λέγειν; Lat. loqui, dicere; Germ. reden, sagen)—†Qal₄₁ only inf. (once?) & pt.: Inf. sf. בְּדָרְרֶ֑ךָ (by attraction to בְּשָׁפְטֶ֑ךָ for usual Piel) ψ 51:6; Pt. דֹּבֵר Ex 6:29 + 30 times; pl. דֹּבְרִים Nu 36:5 ψ 109:20; cstr. דֹּבְרֵי ψ 5:7 + 3 times; f. דֹּבְרוֹת Nu 27:7 ψ 31:19; pass. דָּבֻר Pr 25:11;—speak, abs. Nu 27:7; 32:27; 36:5 (P) ψ 51:6 (?); דָּבָר דָּבֻר word spoken Pr 25:11; with acc. rei דֹּבֵר דָּבָר speaking a word Jb 2:13; אמת ψ 15:2, תמים Am 5:10, (ם)ישׁרים Pr 16:13 Is 33:15, צדק Is 45:19, שׁלום Est 10:3 ψ 28:3, שׁקר(ים) ψ 63:12; 101:7 Je 40:16, כזב ψ 5:7; 58:4, רע ψ 109:20, נבלה Is 9:16, הַוַּת נפשׁו Mi 7:3; with אֶל of person, unto Gn 16:13 (J) Ex 6:29 (P) Je 38:20; 40:16 Dn 10:11 Jon 3:2; בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Dt 5:1 Je 28:7; עַל concerning, about ψ 31:19; 109:20 Je 32:42 (sometimes rendered against, but dub.); עִם with ψ 28:3; הַמַּלְאָךְ הַדֹּבֵר בִּי the angel that spake with me (as a prophet, an instrument of communicating with Israel) Zc 1:9, 13, 14; 2:2, 7; 4:1, 4, 5; 5:5, 10; 6:4 (vid. prep. בְּ III. 2 Ew ^{217 f. (3)}). †Niph.₄ Pf. נִדְבְּרוּ Mal 3:16, נִדְבָּ֑רוּ ψ 119:23, נִדְבַּרְנוּ Mal 3:13; Pt. הַנִּדְבָּרִים Ez 33:30; reciprocal sense, speak with one another, talk, abs. Mal 3:16; with בְּ, against ψ 119:23 Ez 33:30; with על, concerning, about Mal 3:13 (RV against, vid. Ew ^{217 i.}) Pi.₁₀₈₉ Pf. דִּבֶּר Gn 12:4 +, דִּבֵּ֑ר Gn 21:1 + (on דִּבֶּ֑ר Ex 12:25 Dt 26:19 v. Bö ^{1021 d (1)} Kö ¹⁸⁸); Impf. יְדַבֵּר Gn 44:7 +, יְדַבֶּר־ Gn 44:18 +; תְּדַבְּרוּן Gn 32:20, תְּדַבֵּר֑וּן ψ 58:2; Imv. דַּבֵּר Gn 24:38 +, דַּבֶּר־ Ex 11:2 +; Inf. דַּבֵּר Gn 24:50 +, דַּבֶּר־ Is 59:13 +; Pt. מְדַבֵּר Gn 27:6 +; f. מְדַבֶּרֶת 1 S 1:13 +;—(הַדִּבֵּר Je 5:13, inf. Ki⁴⁸, prob. Ol ^{182 e} Kö ^{23 (5)}, perhaps MV; but more prob. a noun, as Ges ^{52 (2), Anm. 3} Ew ^{156 a}, dub. pf. as Sta ²²²; בְּיוֹם דִּבֶּר Ex 6:28 Nu 3:1 Dt 4:15; תְּחִלַּת דִּבֶּר־ Ho 1:2, inf. Ki⁴⁸ Bö ^{987 (7)} Kö ^{23 (5)}; but more prob. pf., as Ges ^{52 (2), Anm. 3});—speak, 1. abs. Dt 18:17 + (throughout the literature) usually with לֵאמֹר, less freq. וַיֹּאמֶר: 2 K 18:28 +, cf. the phrases †דברתי (י׳) אני Ez 5:13 + 18 times Ez; †כי י׳ דבר Is 1:2; 21:17; 22:25; 24:3; 25:8 Je 13:15 Jo 4:8 Ob 18; †כי פי י׳ דבר Is 1:20; 40:5; 58:14 Mi 4:4; †פי ידבר ψ 49:4; †(י)דבר פי ψ 66:14; 145:21; †השׁכם ודבר Je 17:13; 25:3; 35:14; †עוד זה מדבר Jb 1:16, 17, 18. 2. with acc. rei, very frequently, את הדברים האלה ד׳ Ex 20:1 Dt 5:19 +; לָמָּה תְּדַבֵּר עוֹד דְּבָרֶיךָ why speakest thou any more of they affairs? 2 S 19:30; עַד אִם־דִּבַּרְתִּי דְּבָרָ֑י until I have told my errand Gn 24:33; seld. sq. דָּבָר indef.; as ד׳ דָּבָר Is 58:13 speak a (mere, empty) word; so prob. also ד׳ דְּבָרִים Ho 10:4; with other nouns, e.g. דבר קשׁות spake rough words Gn 42:7, 30 (E); ד׳ גבהה proud words 1 S 2:3; טבות friendly words Je 12:6; טוב 1 S 19:4 1 K 22:13 Est 7:9; שׁקר Is 59:3 +, כזב Dn 11:27, אמת Je 9:4 +, שׁוא ψ 12:3 +; דבר שׁיר utter, sing a song Ju 5:12; משׁל 1 K 5:12; יְהוּדִית the Jewish language Ne 13:24; †סרה rebellion Dt 13:6 Je 28:16; 29:32. 3. with persons: a. rarely acc. יָֽכְלוּ דַבְּרוֹ לְשָׁלֹם they could [not] speak unto him peaceably Gn 37:4 (J; but Ew ^{282 a} about him); וַיְדַבֵּר … אֹתָם Nu 26:3 (P, but text corrupt vid. Di; no satisfactory explanation yet given, possibly read אִתָּם vid. d). b. most frequently with אֶל throughout the literature: Gn 8:15 +; cf. phrases וַיְדַבֵּר י׳ אֶל משֶׁה לֵאמֹר Ex 6:10 + 87 times; P; but †וידבּר י׳ אל משׁה לך Ex 32:7; 33:1 (JE); דבּר אל אהרן Lv 6:18 + 8 times (P); דבר אל בני ישׂראל Ex 6:9 + 38 times (P); elsewhere, Ex 19:6 (E) Dt 1:3; 4:45 (D) ד׳ אל (כל) העדה Ex 12:3 Lv 19:2 Nu 16:24, 26 (P); ד׳ אל לב speak unto one’s heart Gn 24:45, i.e. to oneself, cf. also ד׳ על לִבָּהּ 1 S 1:13, v. 5 infr.; אל is used inexactly for על 1 S 3:12 1 K 16:12 Is 16:13 Je 27:13; 30:4; 33:14; 36:7, 31; 40:2; 50:1; 51:12, 62 where it is rendered concerning or against. c. with לְ, speak to 1 K 2:19 Ez 32:21 Dn 2:4; ליהוה speak, sing to Yahweh words of a song Jos 10:12 (D) 2 S 22:1 ( = ψ 18:1 title); in D, דבר ל promise to, in phrases †כאשׁר דבר(י׳) ל Dt 1:11, 21; 6:3; 9:3; 10:9; 11:25; 12:20; 15:6; 18:2; 26:18; 27:3; 29:12 Jos 13:14, 33; 22:4; 23:5, 10 (all D); אשׁר דבר ל Dt 9:28 1 K 8:24, 25, 26 ( = 2 Ch 6:15, 16, 17).—דבר ל Gn 24:7; 28:15; 49:28 Ex 32:34 (J) Jos 9;21 (P) Ju 14:7 2 S 23:3 Is 30:10 Zc 9:10 usually rendered speak to, but often rather promise to. הֲיֵשׁ לְדַבֶּר־לָךְ אֶל־הַמֶּלֶךְ is it possible to speak for thee unto the king? 2 K 4:13 (by attraction to לַעֲשׂוֹת לָךְ). d. with †אֵת speak with Gn 17:3, 22, 23; 21:2; 23:8; 34:6, 8; 35:13, 15 Ex 25:22; 31:18; 34:29, 33, 34, 35 Nu 3:1; 7:89 Jos 22:15, 21 (all P) Gn 35:14; 41:9; 42:7; 45:15 Jos 17:14 (all E) Dt 5:21; sources of S K Ch 2 S 3:27; 7:7 = 1 Ch 17:6 1 K 8:15 = 2 Ch 6:4 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23 2 Ch 10:10 ( = אל 1 K 12:10) Je 5:5; 7:22; 9:7; 35:2; 38:25 Ez 2:1; 3:22, 24, 27; 14:4; 20:3; 44:5 Dn 1:19 Zc 8:16; cf. phrases †דבר חד את אחד speak one with another Ez 33:30; †דבר משׁפטים את speak judgments with, usually = give judgment against, (not Je 12:1), Je 1:16; 4:12; 12:1; 39:5; 52:9 ( = 2 K 25:6); דבר טבות את speak kindly with 2 K 25:28 = Je 52:32. e. c. †עִם speak with, (not P), Gn 29:9; 31:24, 29 Ex 19:9; 20:19⁽⁾, 22; 33:9 Nu 11:17; 22:19 Jos 24:27 (all JE) Dt 5:4; 9:10 Ju 6:17 1 S 9:25 (G Th We Dr וַיִּרְבְּדוּ לְ spread a couch for) 17:23 2 S 13:22 1 K 1:14, 22 2 K 6:33; 18:26 2 Ch 9:1 ( = אֶל 1 K 10:2) Ne 9:13 Est 6:14 Je 32:4 Dn 8:18; 9:22; 10:11, 15, 17, 19 Ho 12:5; דִּבַּרְתִּי אֲנִי עִם לִבִּי I Spake, communed with my heart Ec 1:16. f. †לִפְנֵי before, in the presence of Ex 6:12 Nu 36:1 (P) Ju 11:11 1 K 3:22 Est 8:3. 4. with בְּ: a. instrumental, דבר בְּ speak with, by, or by means of a person (vid. supr. Qal ad fin.) Nu 12:2⁽⁾, 6, 8 (E) 2 S 23:2 (cf. Dr), 1 K 22:28 = 2 Ch 18:27, Hb 2:1; †דִּבֶּר בְּשֵׁם speak in the name of Ex 5:23 (J) Dt 18:19, 20⁽⁾, 22 1 Ch 21:19 Je 20:9; 26:16; 29:23; 44:16 Dn 9:6 Zc 13:3; †ביד by the hand of Nu 17:5; 27:23 Jos 20:2 (P) 1 S 28:17 1 K 8:53 + 13 times K, 2 Ch 10:15 ( = 1 K 12:15) Is 20:2 Je 37:2; 50:1 Ez 38:17. b. local (fig.), בְּאָזְנֵי in the ears of Gn 20:8 (E) Ex 11:2 Dt 32:44 (J) Gn 23:16 Nu 14:28 Jos 20:4 (P) Dt 31:28, 30 Ju 9:2, 3 1 S 8:21; 11:4; 25:24 2 S 3:19⁽⁾ Je 26:15 Pr 23:9; †דבר בלב speak in the heart Ec 2:15. c. of the object, speak of, about (prep. בְּ IV. e Ew ^{217 f. (2)}) Dt 6:7; 11:19 1 S 19:3, 4 ψ 119:46; 122:8; propose for (a wife) 1 S 25:39 cf. Ct 8:8). d. of hostility, against (Ew ^{217 f. (1)}) Nu 12:1, 8; 21:5, 7 (E) Jb 19:18 ψ 50:20; 78:19. e. of price, בְּנַפְשׁוֹ at the cost of his life 1 K 2:23 (vid. בְּ III. 3). 5. with †עַל, of the object concerning or about which one speaks Gn 18:19 Nu 10:29 (J) Jos 23:14 (D) Ju 9:3 1 S 25:30 1 K 2:4, 27; 5:13⁽⁾; 14:2, 22:23 ( = 2 Ch 18:22), 2 K 10:10, 19:21 = Is 37:22, 1 Ch 22:11 2 Ch 23:3 Je 1:16; 18:7, 8, 9; 42:19. It may have this sense in most if not all of the following, where RV renders 1 K 2:18, 19 Est 7:9 Je 18:20 for; 2 Ch 32:16 Ne 6:12 Je 11:17; 16:10; 25:13; 26:13, 19; 35:17 Ez 36:5 Dn 9:12; 11:36 Ho 7:13 Am 3:1 against; and 1 K 9:5 2 K 22:19 Je 10:1; 19:15 unto (על is used for אל unto 2 Ch 32:19 Je 6:10; 25:2; 26:2 Ho 12:11); cf. the phrase †דבר על לב speak upon the heart, speak kindly, comfort Gn 34:3; 50:21 (E) Ju 19:3 Ru 2:13, 1 S 1:13 (seemingly from context על for אל, to her heart, to herself, vid. Dr), 2 S 19:8 2 Ch 30:22; 32:6 Is 40:2 Ho 2:16. 6. with infin. †דבר לעשׂות promise to do Ex 32:14 (J) Dt 1:14 Ez 6:10 Jon 3:10; †דבר לתת promise to give Dt 19:8; †דבר למחות threaten to blot out 2 K 14:27; cf. †דבר להזהיר i.e. so as to warn Ez 3:18; 33:8.

Note.—וַתָּקָם וַתְּדַבֵּר אֶת־כַּל־זֶרַע הַמַּמְלָכָה 2 Ch 22:10 G ἀπώλεσε, B interfecit, scribal error for וַתְּאַבֵּד 2 K 11:1. Other explanations: plot against, waylay (Arabic دَبَّرَ (dabbara)) Thes MV; pronounce sentence, ellipt. וַתְּדַבֵּר מִשְׁפָּטִים Ges^Hdw Rob; but cf. VB—†Pu. Impf. בַּיּוֹם שֶׁיְּדֻבַּר־בָּהּ in the day when she may be spoken for Ct 8:8 (vid. Pi. 4 c); Pt. נִכְבָּדוֹת מְדֻבָּר בָּךְ glorious things are being spoken in thee (RV Pe MV of thee) ψ 87:3. †Hithp. Pt. מִדַּבֵּר = מִתְדַּבֵּר with acc. מִדַּבֵּר הַדָּבָר הַזֶּה speaking this word 2 S 14:13; שָׁמַע (אֵת הַקּוֹל) מִדַּבֵּר אֶל׳ heard (the voice, or) one speaking unto Nu 7:89 (P) Ez 2:2; 43:6 (Di Nu 7:89 would read מְדַבֵּר after G; the meaning not appreciably different from Piel; the Hithp. difficult to reconcile with אֶל). †Hiph. Impf. וַיַּדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתָּי ψ 18:48 (2 S 22:48 has וּמֹרִיד for rare וַיַּדְבֵּר), יַדְבֵּר עַמִּים תַּחְתֵּינוּ 47:4; either (cf. Aramaic דַּבַּר) leads subject (so Ges coegit, De Now), or (cf. Arabic أَدْبَرَ (˒adbara) turn the back, retreat) puts to flight, fig. for subdues (so Hi).

דָּבָר S TWOT GK₁₄₃₉ n.m. speech, word—Gn 18:14 + 446 times; cstr. דְּבַר Gn 12:17 + 361 times; sf. דְּבָרִי Nu 11:23 + (sfs. 66 times); sg. in all 875 times; pl. דְּבָרִים Ex 4:10 + 182 times; cstr. דִּבְרֵי Gn 24:30 + 253 times; sf. דְּבָרָיו Gn 37:8 (sfs. 127 times); pl. in all 564 times;—I. sg. speech, discourse, saying, word, as the sum of that which is spoken: 1. of men, a. נְבוֹן דָּבָר discreet in speech 1 S 16:18; ד׳ שְׂפָתַיִם speech of lips ψ 59:13, mere talk Is 36:5 ( = 2 K 18:20) Pr 14:23 (cf. ψ 17:4 speech of God’s lips); דָּבָר מָר bitter speech ψ 64:4; ד׳ כָּזָב lying speech Pr 30:8; טוֹב דְּבָֽרְךָ thy saying is good 1 S 9:10; וּדְבַר אַבְנֵר הָיָה עִם and the speech of Abner had been with the elders of Israel 2 S 3:17 (cf. 1 K 1:7); †אמר הדבר הזה say this saying Je 23:38; 31:23 cf. 13:12; 14:17 (of God), 1 S 8:10 (דִּבְרֵי י׳). b. word of command, ד׳ (הַ)מֶּלֶךְ 1 Ch 21:4, 6 Est 1:12 + 6 times Est, Ec 8:4 cf. 2 Ch 30:5; 31:5 Dn 9:23, 25; †ד׳ מַלְכוּת royal edict Est 1:19; עשׂה כדבר do according to the command of Gn 44:2; 47:30 Ex 8:9, 27; 12:35; 32:28 (J) Lv 10:7 (P) Ju 11:10 Ezr 10:5 Ne 5:12, 13; cf. 2 S 17:6 (word of counsel), 1 K 3:12 (request), 1 K 17:13 (proposal; on these meanings v. infr.) c. message, report, tidings, וַיִּשְׁמַע הָעָם אֶת־הַדָּבָר הָרָע הַזֶּה and the people heard this evil report Ex 33:4 (JE) cf. 1 K 20:12; אמת (היה) הדבר the report was true 1 K 10:6 = 2 Ch 9:5; עַד בּוֹא דָבָר מֵעִמָּכֶם until word come from you 2 S 15:28; ויגע הדבר אל מלך נינוה Jon 3:6; †הֵשִׁיב דָּבָר return or bring word, report Gn 37:14 Nu 13:26; 22:8 (J) Dt 1:22, 25 Jos 14:7; 22:32 (D) 1 K 2:30; 20:9 2 K 22:9, 20 ( = 2 Ch 34:16, 28), but answer 1 S 17:30 2 S 3:11; 24:13 ( = 1 Ch 21:12), 1 K 12:6, 9 ( = 2 Ch 10:6, 9), 12:16 Ne 2:20 Pr 18:13; 27:11 Is 41:28 Ez 9:11 (Dr ^{p. 190} explains the phrase as turn back with a word); cf. ענה (לא) דבר answer something or nothing 1 K 18:21 2 K 18:36 ψ 119:42 Is 36:21 Je 44:20 vid. IV. 6; השׁיב דברים return words Ex 19:8 (E) Pr 24:26 vid. III. 1. d. advice, counsel, בדבר בלעם by advice of Balaam Nu 31:16 (P), cf. Ju 20:7 2 S 19:44 Est 5:5. e. request, אמתו of his maid, עבדו of his servant 2 S 14:15, 22. f. promise, לא יחל דברו he shall not break his word Nu 30:3 (P), cf. הקים דבר perform a promise Ne 5:13, vid. also 2 b. g. charge, complaint, אם אמת היה הדבר הזה if this charge be true Dt 22:20 cf. 13:15; 17:4, שׂים דבר בְּ 1 S 22:15, שׂים עלילות דברים לְ Dt 22:14, 17. h. decision, sentence, דְּבַר דַמִּשְׁפָּט the sentence of judgment Dt 17:9 cf. v 10, 11. i. theme, story, רָחַשׁ לִבִּי דָּבָר טוֹב my heart swells with a good theme ψ 45:2; דְּבַר גְּבוּרוֹת the story of his great might Jb 41:4. 2. word of God, as a divine communication in the form of commandments, prophecy, and words of help to his people, used 394 times. This word is communicated in several ways: a. ויהי דבר י׳ אל then the word of Yahweh came unto 1 S 15:10 2 S 7:4 (cf. אלהים 1 Ch 17:3), 1 K 6:11; 13:20; 16:1; 17:2, 8; 21:17, 28 2 Ch 11:2 (cf. האלהים 1 K 12:22); cf.1 Ch 22:8 (על by confusion), Is 38:4 Je 1:4 + 20 times Je, Ez 3:16 + 41 times Ez, Jon 1:1; 3:1 Hg 2:20 Zc 4:8; 6:9; 7:4, 8; 8:1 (without אל) v 18; †היה ד׳ י׳ אל Gn 15:1 2 Ch 12:7 Je 25:3 + 4 times Je, Ez 1:3 + 7 times Ez, Dn 9:2 Zc 1:1, 7; 7:1; †הנה ד׳ י׳ אל Gn 15:4 1 K 19:9; †ד׳ י׳ היה אל 2 S 24:11 1 K 16:7; 18:1 2 K 20:4 Ez 24:20; †היה ד׳ י׳ ביד Hg 1:1; 2:1, 10; †ויהי ד׳ י׳ ביד Hg 1:3; †ד׳ י׳ אשׁר היה אל Ho 1:1 Jo 1:1 Mi 1:1 Zp 1:1; †אשׁר היה ד׳ י׳ אליו 1 K 18:31 Je 1:2; †אשׁר היה ד׳ י׳ אל יר׳ Je 14:1; 46:1; 47:1; 49:34 (vid. אשׁר 6 a; הדבר אשׁר היה אל Je 7:1 + 11 times Je; †את ד׳ י׳ 2 K 3:12 Je 23:28; 27:18; cf. אֵלַי דָּבָר יְגֻנָּב unto me a word was brought by stealth Jb 4:12, cf. וְטֶרֶם יִגָּלֶה אֵלָיו דְּבַר י׳ and the word of Yahweh was not yet revealed unto him 1 S 3:7. Yahweh also sends his word שׁלח ψ 107:20; 147:18 Is 9:7 Je 42:5 (cf. pl. Zc 7:12) and makes it an object of vision ראה Je 2:31; 38:21 (cf. pl. Ez 11:25), חזה Is 2:1; it is also commanded צוה Ex 16:16, 32; 35:4 Lv 8:5; 9:6; 17:2 Nu 30:2; 36:6 (P) Dt 4:2; 13:1; 15:15 Jos 1:13; 4:10 (D) 1 Ch 16:15 ( = ψ 105:8) Ne 1:8 Je 7:23, cf. הדברים אשׁר צוה Ex 35:1 Lv 8:36 (P) Ex 19:7 (E) Dt 6:6. b. Yahweh confirms his word of promise Dt 9:5 1 S 1:23 (where read דְּבָרֵךְ thy word according to G S & Dr), 1 K 2:4; 6:12; 8:20 Je 29:10; 33:14, and his word of warning 1 K 12:15 Dn 9:12; his word stands for ever Is 40:8; it is settled for ever in heaven ψ 119:89; he remembers his holy word דבר קדשׁו ψ 105:42 (cf. דִּבְרֵי קָדְשׁוֹ Je 23:9); he himself Jo 2:11, the angels ψ 103:20, and forces of nature ψ 148:8 עשׂה דברו do his word of command; by his word the heavens were made ψ 33:6; it is near his people, in their mouth and heart Dt 30:14; a lamp to their feet ψ 119:105. II. saying, utterance, sentence, as a section of a discourse:— 1. of men, a. דָּבָר בְּעִתּוֹ a word in due season Pr 15:23 cf. Jb 4:2 Pr 12:25; commonly in plural, †דִּבְרֵי (הַ)שִּׁירָ(ה) words of the song (i.e. its lines of poetry) Dt 31:30; 32:44 ψ 18·1 ( = 2 S 22:1) 137:3; הלל בדברי דויד to sing praises with the words of David (his psalms) 2 Ch 29:30; דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים sentences of the wise Pr 1:6; 22:17 Ec 9:17; 12:11; these sayings are commonly written, cf. דברי האגרת words of the letter Est 9:26; הדברים עתיקים the records are ancient 1 Ch 4:22; דִּבְרֵי (ה)סֵפֶר Is 29:11, 18 Je 29:1. b. title of writings: דִּבְרֵי קֹהֶלֶת Ec 1:1, ד׳ אגור Pr 30:1, ד׳ למואל Pr 31:1, ד׳ ירמיהו Je 1:1, so Am 1:1 Ne 1:1; cf. in appended phrase or clause, Je 51:64, ד׳ איוב Jb 31:40. c. in Ch name of a work: ד׳ החזים 2 Ch 33:18, 19, בד׳ שׁמעיה 2 Ch 12:15, בד׳ יהוא 2 Ch 20:34, על ד׳ שׁמואל 1 Ch 29:29; על ד׳ נתן 1 Ch 29:29 2 Ch 9:29, על ד׳ גד 1 Ch 29:29. (It is not certain whether writings of prophets or histories about them are referred to; in the latter case they are acts, IV. 2, vid. Dr ⁴⁹⁷.) 2. of God: עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדְּבָרִים the ten words (sentences in the tables) Ex 34:28 (JE) Dt 4:13; 10:4, referred to as הדברים Ex 34:1 (JE) Dt 4:10, 36; 5:19; 9:10; 10:2; of commands of covenant code Ex 24:3, 4, 8 cf. 34:27 (JE); of Deuteronomic code Dt 17:19 ( + 16 times D) 2 K 22:11; 23:3–24 (cf. 2 Ch 34:19–31) Je 11:2–8; 34:18; the lawbook of joshua Jos 24:26 (E); of the code of Ezra Ezr 7:11; 9:4 Ne 8:9, 13; the words of Yahweh written by Jeremiah Je 25:13; 36:4–32; 51:61; the words of the book of Daniel Dn 12:4; 9 commands in general 1 S 15:11 ψ 50:17; 119:57, 130, 139; promises 2 S 7:28 Ne 9:8, cf. 1 Ch 25:5 2 Ch 36:16. III. a word, words:— 1. of men: שָׂפָה אֶחָ֑ת וּדְבָרִים אֲחָדִים one lip, and one and the same words Gn 11:1 (J); אֵין אֹמֶר וְאֵין דְּבָרִים no speech and no words ψ 19:4; אִישׁ דְּבָרִים man of words, ready in speech, Ex 4:10 (J); רב דברים multitude of words Jb 11:2 Pr 10:19 Ec 5:2; קְחוּ עִמָּכֶם דְּבָרִים take with you words Ho 14:3; דבר(י) (ה)שׁקר lying word(s) Ex 5:9; 23:7 (E) Pr 13:5; 29:12 Is 59:13 Je 7:4, 8; דִּבְרֵי רוּחֵ words of wind, vain words Jb 16:3; וּמַה־שֶּׁמֶץ דָּבָר נִשְׁמַע־בּוֹ and what a whisper of a word we hear of him! Jb 26:14. 2. of God. It is difficult to determine how many of the following should come under II. 2. The pl. for words of God is relatively seldom: Gn 20:8 Ex 19:6 Nu 12:6 Jos 3:9 (E) Ex 4:28, 30 Nu 11:24 (J) Dt 18:19 Jos 23:14 (D) 1 S 3:18; 8:10; 15:1 2 Ch 11:4 Jb 42:7 Pr 30:6 Is 31:2 Dn 10:11 Am 8:11 Mi 2:7, apart from Je 3:12 + 30 times Je, Ez 2:7 + 4 times Ez, Zc 1:6 + 4 times Zc. IV. matter, affair, thing about which one speaks:— 1. business, occupation: דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ king’s business 1 S 21:9; לְכָל־דְּבַר for every matter of 1 Ch 26:32; 27:1 2 Ch 19:11; לְכָל־דְּבָרֶיךָ for all thine affairs 1 Ch 28:21; דבר המזבח Nu 18:7; דָּבָר אֵין־לָהֶם עִם they had no dealings with Ju 18:7, 28; †דְּבַר־יוֹם בְּיוֹמוֹ the task or portion of a day in its day, daily duty or due Ex 5:13, 19 (E) 16:4 (J) Lv 23:37 (P) 1 K 8:59 2 K 25:30 1 Ch 16:37 2 Ch 8:13 (ביום) v 14 31:16 Ezr 3:4 Ne 11:23; 12:47 Je 52:34 Dn 1:5; †דבר שׁנה בשׁנה 1 K 10:25 2 Ch 9:24. 2. pl. acts cstr. דִּבְרֵי 1 K 11:41⁽⁾ 1 Ch 29:29 2 Ch 12:15; 16:11; †דְּבָרָיו his acts 2 Ch 13:22; 35:27; especially in phrases, וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי … עַל־סֵפֶר דִּבְרֵי הַיָּמִים and the rest of the acts of … in the book of the chronicles (daily record of events) of 1 K 14:29 + 32: times K.; וְיֶתֶר דִּבְרֵי 2 Ch 13:22 + 8 times Ch, וְיֶתֶר דְּבָרָיו 2 Ch 28:26, שְׁאָר דִּבְרֵי 2 Ch 9:29 are referred to various sources; cf. also במספר דברי הימים 1 Ch 27:24, בדברי דויד 1 Ch 23:27, על־דברי מלכי ישׂראל 2 Ch 33:18: דברים טובים good deeds 2 Ch 12:12; 19:3; דִּבְרֵי עֲוֹנֹת acts of iniquity ψ 65:4 (De Fälle von Missethaten); דִּבְרֵי־רָע evil deeds Je 5:28. It is used of God, only in כל דבריו לא יענה Jb 33:13, ד׳ אֹתוֹתָיו ψ 105:27, ד׳ נִפְלְאֹתֶיךָ ψ 145:5. 3. matter, affair: דבר אוריה affair of Uriah 1 K 15:5; שׁרשׁ דבר root of the matter Jb 19:28; מה היה הדבר how went the matter? 1 S 4:16 2 S 1:4 cf. Ru 3:18; סבב את פני הדבר change the face of the matter 2 S 14:20; דִּבְרֵי הָאֲתֹנוֹת the matter of the asses 1 S 10:2; זה דבר הרצח this is the case of the slayer Dt 19:4; לְכָל־דְּבָרָיו 1 K 6:38 as to all its particulars; Pr 13:13; 16:20. 4. events, things: †אחר הדברים האלה after these things (events in time) Gn 15:1; 22:1; 40:1 (E) 39:7 (J) 1 K 17:17; 21:1 Ezr 7:1 Est 2:1; 3:1; †אחרי הדברים האלה Gn 48:1 Jos 24:29 (E) Gn 22:20 (J) 2 Ch 32:1. 5. cause, case for judicial investigation: כִּי־יִהְיֶה לָהֶם דָּבָר if they have a case Ex 18:16 cf. 18:22; 22:8; בעל דברים one having a case Ex 24:14, cf. בדבר משׁפט 2 Ch 19:6; דְּבָרֶיךָ טוֹבִים וּנְכֹחִים pleas, good and right 2 S 15:3 cf. Jos 20:4. 6. something, anything (indefinite): עשׂה דבר do a thing Gn 22:16 + (frequent); עשׂה דברים Is 42:16 + (less frequent); היפלא מי׳ דבר Gn 18:14 cf. Je 32:17, 27; לא … דבר nothing 1 K 5:7; 10:3 Is 39:2 Je 42:4 + (frequent), אין דבר Ex 5:11 (E) Nu 20:19 1 S 20:21; לא דבר מ׳ nothing of Ex 9:4 (J) Jos 8:35; 11:15; 21:45; 23:14 (D); כל דבר anything Nu 31:23 Dt 23:20 +; דבר רע ψ 141:4 +; ד׳ טוב 1 K 14:13 +; דְּבַר־מָה whatsoever Nu 23:3 (E); עֶרְוַת דבר Dt 23:15 nakedness of a thing, i.e. unclean or unseemly thing (indecency in camp); so of a wife 24:1. 7. way, manner: זֶה דְּבַר הַשְּׁמִטָּה this is the manner of the release Dt 15:2 (cf. SI¹); כֵּן דְּבַר הַמֶּלֶךְ so was the way of the king Est 1:13; כדבר הזה after this manner, thus †Gn 18:25; 32:20; 44:7 (JE) 2 S 15:6 Ezr 10:5 Ne 5:12, 13 with (עשׂה), 1 S 9:21 2 S 14:3; 17:6 (דבר), 1 S 17:27, 30 Is 8:20 (אמר), Ne 6:4, 5 (שׁלח), Ne 6:4 (השׁיב) cf. 1 S 17:30, 2 K 7:19 (היה); (peculiar to D, כדבר הרע הזה such a wicked deed as this Dt 13:12; 19:20, כדבר הגדול הזה Dt 4:32); כדברים האלה עשׂה thus and thus did he Gn 39:19 (J) 1 S 2:23 (but usually the pl. = these words). 8. reason, cause: זֶה דְבַר־הַמַּם 1 K 9:15; זה הדבר אשׁר this is the reason why Jos 5:4 (D) 1 K 11:27; so 1 S 17:29 AV RV, was it not but a word? Th Ke RVm VB Dr; עַל דְּבַר …, עַל־דִּבְרֵי for the sake of, in reference to, v. Kö^{Expositor, Aug. 1902, 142–148}; and add for עַל־דְּבַר Nu 25:18⁽⁾; 31:16 2 S 18:5, and for עַל־דִּבְרֵי Je 7:22 2 K 22:13 = 2 Ch 34:21a, and perhaps ψ 7:1. because of, for the sake of Gn 20:11, 18 (E) 12:17; 43:18 Ex 8:8 (J) Nu 17:14 (P) ψ 45:5; 79:9, עַל דִּבְרֵי Je 14:1; עַל־דִּבְרֵיכֶם for your sakes Dt 4:21, עַל דְּבַר אשׁר Dt 22:24⁽⁾; 23:5 2 S 13:22.. Oldest tradition (Jerome) seems to waver between דָּג fish and דָגָן grain, as explan. of דָּגוֹן, v. בית ד׳.

דֶּ֫בֶר S TWOT GK^, ₄₉ n.m. pestilence (cf. Arabic دَبْرٌ, إِدْبَارٌ (dabrun, ˒idbārun), departure, death)—Ex 9:3 +; דָּ֑בֶר Hb 3:5; sf. דְּבָרֶיךָ Ho 13:14;— 1. plague, pestilence, in general Ex 5:3; 9:15 Nu 14:12 (J) Lv 26:25 (H) Dt 28:21, 2 S 24:13, 15 ( + v 15 a G We Dr) = 1 Ch 21:12, 14, 1 K 8:37 = 2 Ch 6:28, 2 Ch 7:13; 20:9 ψ 91:3, 6 Je 14:12 + 16 times Je, Ez 5:12 + 11 times Ez, Ho 13:14 Am 4:10 Hb 3:5. Read וּבַדָּ֑בֶר, or the like, 1 S 4:8, for MT בַּמִּדְבָּר, We Klo Dr. † 2. cattle-plague, murrain Ex 9:3 (J) = ψ 78:50.

†[דֹּ֫בֶר S TWOT GK] n.[m.] pasture (cf. Aramaic דַּבְרָא, Syriac ܕܰܒܪܳܐ (dabro))—sf. כְּעֵדֶר בְּתוֹךְ הַדָּֽבְרוֹ as a flock in the midst of its pasture Mi 2:12 (art. with sf., cf. Ges ^{127, 4 b}, who attaches ו as conj. to foll. word); וְרָעוּ כְבָשִׂים כְּדָבְרָם and lambs shall feed as (in) their pasture Is 5:17.

†דֹּבְרוֹת S TWOT GK n.f.pl. floats, rafts 1 K 5:23.

†[דִּבְרָה S^, TWOT^, GK] n.f. cause, reason, manner—cstr. עַל דִּבְרַת because of, for the sake of Ec 3:18; 7:14; 8:2; עַל־דִּבְרָתִי מַלְכִּי־צֶדֶק after the order, or manner, of Melchizedek ψ 110:4 (י ancient genit. ending, to soften transition in poetry, Ges ^{90 (3) a}); sf. דִּבְרָתִי my cause, suit Jb 5:8.

†i. דְּבוֹרָה S^, TWOT GK^, n.f. bee (cf. Arabic دِبْرٌ (dibrun), swarm of bees, Aramaic דַּבַּרְתָּא, Syriac ܕܶܒܽܘܪܺܝܬܳܐ (deburito)) Is 7:18; pl. דְּבֹרִים Dt 1:44 Ju 14:8 ψ 118:12. Read also דְּבֹרוֹ its bees 1 S 14:26 for MT דְּבַשׁ cf. G We Dr.

†ii. דְּבוֹרָה S^, TWOT GK^, n.pr.f. (bee)— 1. the nurse of Rebekah Gn 35:8. 2. the prophetess Ju 4:4, 5, 9, 10, 14; 5:1, 7, 12, 15.

†דָּֽבְרַת S GK n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Issachar, the present Debûrije at the foot of Mt. Tabor (Rob ^{iii. 210} Bd ²⁴⁹) Jos 19:12 (הַדָּֽבְרַת) 21:28 1 Ch 6:57.

†i. דְּבִיר S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.m. (cf. Arabic دُبُرٌ (duburun) back, دَبْرٌ (dabrun) part behind) hindmost chamber, innermost room of the temple of Solomon = קדשׁ הקדשׁים holy of holies, most holy place, the place of the ark and the cherubic images, the throne-room of Yahweh 1 K 6:5, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 31; 7:49 ( = 2 Ch 4:20) 8:6, 8 ( = 2 Ch 5:7, 9) 2 Ch 3:16 ψ 28:2. Prob. read דְּבִיר 2 K 10:25 also, for MT עִיר; so Klo after GL. (It is translated oracle in AV RV after Aq Sym χρηματιστήριον, B oraculum, on the incorrect theory that it was derived from דִּבֶּר speak.)

†ii. דְּבִיר S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} 1. n.pr.m. king of Eglon Jos 10:3. 2. n.pr.loc. a. דְּבִ֫רָה c. ה—ָloc., N. border Judah Jos 15:7 (westward Hup ψ 28:2). b. לִדְבִר town of the Gadites Jos 13:26, perhaps Lôdebâr 2 S 9:4 vid. לֹא דְבָר Di MV. c. דְּבִיר Ju 1:11⁽⁾ 1 Ch 6:43, דְּבִרָה Jos 10:38, 39, elsewhere דְּבִר Jos 15:15 +, a royal city of Canaanites anciently called קִרְיַת סֵפֶר Jos 15:15 Ju 1:11, קִרְיַת סַנָּה Jos 15:49; on the mountains of Judah, in region of Hebron Jos 11:21; 15:49, assigned to the Aaronite priests Jos 21:15 as a city of refuge 1 Ch 6:43; mod. Dhoherîye, 5 hours SW. from Hebron, according to Kn, so Survey^{iii. 402}; other conject. in Di Jos 10:39 Ri ²⁶⁵.

†דִּבֵּר S TWOT^, GK n.[m.] speaking (so Ew ¹⁵⁶) Je 5:13 וְהַדִּבֵּר אֵין בָּהֶם; according to Hi Gf Ki (less prob.) vb. with art. for relat. (vid. [דָּבַר] Pi.): but read rather הַדָּבָר, and the word is not in them.

†[דַּבֶּ֫רֶת S TWOT GK] n.f. word—יִשָּׂא מִדַּבְּרֹתֶיךָ he receiveth of thy words Dt 33:3 (poem).

†דִּבְרִי S GK n.pr.m. a Danite Lv 24:11.

†i. [מִדְבָּר S TWOT^, GK^, ] n.m. mouth, as organ of speech,—מִדְבָּרֵךְ נָאוֶה thy mouth is lovely Ct 4:3 ||שִׂפְתוֹתַיִךְ, G λαλιά, Jer eloquium.

ii. מִדְבָּר S TWOT^, GK^, ₂₇₀ n.m. wilderness—Dt 32:10 +; c. ה loc. מִדְבָּ֫רָה Jos 18:12 + 15 times; cstr. Ex 15:22 +; מִדְבַּ֫רָה 1 K 19:15; sf. מִדְבָּרָהּ Is 51:3;— 1. tracts of land, used for the pasturage of flocks and herds, דָּֽשְׁאוּ נְאוֹת מִדְבָּר the pastures of the wilderness put forth green grass Jo 2:22; יִרְעֲפוּ נ׳ מ׳ the pastures of the wilderness drop (fertility) ψ 65:13; יָֽבְשׁוּ נ׳ מ׳ are dried up Je 23:10, cf. Je 9:9 Jo 1:19, 20. 2. uninhabited land, מִדְבָּר לֹא־אָדָם בּוֹ wilderness in which is no man Jb 38:26; the abode of pelicans ψ 102:7; wild asses Jb 24:5 Je 2:24; jackals Mal 1:3; ostriches Lam 4:3; מִי־יִתְּנֵנִי בַמִּדְבָּר מְלוֹן אֹרְחִים וְאֶֽעֶזְבָה אֶת־עַמִּי O that I had in the wilderness a lodging place of wayfarers, that I might leave my people Je 9:1; טוֹב שֶׁבֶת בְּאֶרֶץ מִדְבָּר better to dwell in a desert land, than with a contentious woman Pr 21:19; בְּאֶרֶץ מִדְבָּר וּבְתֹהוּ יְלֵל יְשִׁמֹן in a desert land, and in a waste howling wilderness Dt 32:10. 3. large tracts of such land bearing various names, in certain districts of which there might be towns and cities: יִשְׂאוּ מִדְבָּר וְעָרָיו חֲצֵרִים תֵּשֵׁב קֵדָר let the wilderness and its cities lift up (their voice), the villages that Kedar doth inhabit Is 42:11. There were six cities in the wilderness of Judah Jos 15:61, 62; הַמִּדְבָּר usually = wilderness of the wanderings Gn 14:6 Nu 14:16, 29, 32, 33⁽⁾ +, or the great Arabian desert Ju 11:22 +; but may also refer to any other Ct 3:6; 8:5. Special tracts—(a) of the wilderness of the wanderings were מ׳ שׁוּר Ex 15:22, סין Ex 16:1 +, סיני Ex 19:1 +, פארן Nu 13:26 +, צן Nu 20:1 +, קדשׁ ψ 29:8, אתם Nu 33:8; (b) in W. Pal. מ׳ יהודה Ju 1:16 ψ 63:1 cf. Jos 15:61, מָעוֹן 1 S 23:24, 25, זיף 1 S 23:15; 26:2, באר שׁבע Gn 21:14, עין גדי 1 S 24:2, תקוע 2 Ch 20:20, ירואל 2 Ch 20:16, גבעון 2 S 2:24; (c) in East. Palestine מואב Dt 2:8, אדום 2 K 3:8, קדמות Dt 2:26. 4. fig. וְשַׂמְתִּיהָ כַמִּדְבָּר וְשַׁתִּהָ כְּאֶרֶץ צִיָּה and (lest I) make her as a wilderness and set her like a dry land Ho 2:5; הֲמִדְבָּר הָיִיתִי לְיִשְׂרָאֵל have I been a wilderness to Israel? Je 2:31.

דבשׁ TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic ادبسّ (˒dbss) ix. become black or brown, of a colour between black and red; vid. deriv.; so Fl v. infr.; yet vb. in this meaning perhaps denom. from دِبْسُ (dibsu) i.e. having the colour of dibs).

†דְּבַשׁ S TWOT GK₅₄ n.m. 1 S 14:29 honey (named from colour according to Fl NHWB^{i. 439}; Arabic دِبْسٌ (دُبْسٌ, دِبِسٌ) (dibsun (dubsun, dibisun)) date-honey; NH דְּבַשׁ, Aramaic דּובשא, ܕܒܰܫ, ܕܶܒܫܳܐ (dbaš, debšo), honey both of fruits and of bees; cf. also Assyrian dišpu COT Zim ⁸⁴ Dl ⁷⁰)—abs. ד׳ Gn 43:11 + 33 times; דְּבָ֑שׁ Ex 3:8 + 18 times; sf. דִּבְשִׁי Ct 5:1;—honey, product of bees, used as food Ju 14:8, 9, 18 (in lion’s carcass); found in (clefts of) rock Dt 32:13 (ד׳ מִסֶּלַע, in song, JE), ψ 81:17 (מִצּוּר ד׳); in forest, on ground 1 S 14:25 (על־פני השׂדה) v 26 (הֵלֶךְ ד׳; but read rather הָלַךְ דְּבֹרוֹ its bees had departed, We Dr after G) v 29, 43; transported in jar or bottle בַּקְבֻּק ד׳ 1 K 14:3; contrib. to priests and Levites 2 Ch 31:5; || חֶמְאָה 2 S 17:29 Is 7:15, 22 (in last two the being limited to such food is apparently token of destitution); kept in store Je 41:8; a choice gift Gn 43:11 (J); article of trade Ez 27:17 (in these two perhaps = grape syrup, mod. dibs, cf. Di Gn 43:11 v. Rob ^{ii. 81}); forbidden as burnt offering Lv 2:11 (|| שְׂאֹר); honey comb = יַעְרַת הַדּ׳ 1 S 14:27 (cf. יַעְרִי Ct 5:1); also צוּף ד׳ Pr 16:24 (cf. נֹפֶת צופים ψ 19:11); most often in phrase describing abundance in land of Canaan אֶרֶץ זָבַת חָלָב וּד׳ Ex 3:8, 17; 13:5; 33:3 (all JE) Lv 20:24 (H) Nu 13:27; 14:8; 16:14 (all JE) Dt 6:3; 11:9; 26:9, 15; 27:3; 31:20 (all D) Jos 5:6 (D) Je 11:5; 32:22 Ez 20:6, 15; cf. Dt 8:8 2 K 18:32 (of land of captivity), of Egypt Nu 16:13 (JE); v. also Ez 16:13, 19 Jb 20:17 נַחֲלֵי ד׳ וְחֶמְאָה; honey, used to illustrate moral teachings Pr 24:13 (|| נֹפֶת), 25:16, 27 (danger of surfeit); sim. of sweetness of taste Ez 3:3 (the roll), cf. כְּצַפִּיחִת בִּד׳ Ex 16:31 (P; description of manna); of sweetness of the law ψ 19:11 (|| נֹפֶת צוּפִים) cf. 119:103; (of pleasant words Pr 16:24 cf. supr.); sweetness of lips ד׳ וְחָלָב Ct 4:11; fig. of love דִּבְשִׁי Ct 5:1 (|| יַעְרִי, יֵינִי, חֲלָבִי).

†[דַּבֶּ֫שֶׁת S^, TWOT GK^, ] 1. n.f. hump (of camel) (etymol.?) cstr. Is 30:6 על־דַּבֶּשֶׁת גְּמַלִּים. 2. n.pr.loc. on border of Zebulun Jos 19:11 דַּבָּ֑שֶׁת.

†יִדְבָּשׁ S GK n.pr.m. a son of Etam? 1 Ch 4:3; MT has וְאֵלֶּה אֲבִי עֵיטָם יִזְרְעֶאל … וְיִדְבָּ֑שׁ G οὗτοι υἱοὶ Αἰτάν, cf. B; = וְאֵלֶּה בְנֵי ע׳ cf. Be Öt (< אלה בני אביע׳, as some MSS.) On real significance of names cf. עֵיטָם.

†[דָּגָה S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. multiply, increase (intr.);—Qal Impf. 3 mpl. וְיִדְגּוּ לָרֹב בקרב הארץ Gn 48:16 (E).

†דָּג S TWOT GK^, n.m. Jon 2:1 fish (NH id.)—דָּג Jon 2:1⁽⁾, 11 + Ne 13:16 Qr (Kt דָּאג); דָּגִים 1 K 5:13 + 6 times; דְּגֵי Gn 9:2 + 7 times;—fish of sea Jon 2:1⁽⁾, 11 (in v 1 ד׳ גָּדוֹל); Ne 13:16 (דָּאג Kt דָּג article of Tyrian trade; only here coll., read perhaps דָּגָה; or regard as late usage, cf. converse דָּגָה of individual Jon 2:2);—elsewhere always pl.: as subj. of Solomon’s utterance 1 K 5:13; fish-spear צִלְצַל דגים Jb 40:31; most often דְּגֵי הַיָּם Gn 9:2 (P), ψ 8:9 Ho 4:3 Zp 1:3 Ez 38:20 Jb 12:8 (in all opp. to beasts & birds, & appar. used with them, + רֶמֶשׂ Ez. cf. vb. רמשׂ Gn, for animal creation in general; also Hb 1:14 cf. infr.); Nu 11:22 (JE) of fish (with beasts) as food (cf. Gn 9:2f.) in simile of men ensnared, like fish taken in net (מְצוֹדָה) Ec 9:12 cf. Hb 1:14 (דְּגֵי הַיָּם); 4 times שַׁעַר הַדָּגִים fish-gate 2 Ch 33:14 Zp 1:10 Ne 3:3; 12:39 (on situation cf. שַׁעַר).

†דָּגָה S^, TWOT^, GK^, n.f. fish (NH id.)—דָּגָה Nu 11:5 + 5 times; cstr. דְּגַת Gn 1:26 + 4 times + Ez 29:4b (del. B Co); sf. דְּגָתוֹ Ez 47:10 G B Co; (MT דגתם), דְּגָתָם Is 50:2 ψ 105:29 + Ez 47:10 MT cf. supr.—fish, almost always coll.; fish of sea דְּגַת הַיָּם Gn 1:26, 28 (P) Ez 47:10 (in sim.); in Nile (יְאֹר) Ex 7:18, 21 (E) cf. ψ 105:29, דְּגַת יְאֹרֶיךָ Ez 29:4⁽⁾ (cf. supr.) v 5; in sea and rivers Is 50:2 Ez 47:9, 10; food in Egypt Nu 11:5 (JE); image of fish forbidden in worship, as of beasts and birds Dt 4:18 (on sacredness of fish, and use in sacrifice cf. Selden ^{Diis Syris, ii. 3}; RS ^{i. 274}); of single fish only Jon 2:2 (2:1⁽⁾, 11 דָּג) by late usage; cf. conversely דָּאג = דָּגָה coll. Ne 13:16.

†[דוג, דִּיג S TWOT GK] vb. denom. fish for, catch—Qal Pf. 3 mpl. sf. וְדִיגוּם consec. Je 16:16 (but as Qal dub. Ges ^{73. 2}; Sta ^{160 b. 2} regards as Hiph. (abbrev.), Nö^{. 1883, 540} conj. Pi.)

†[דַּוָּג S TWOT GK, דַּיָּג S TWOT GK] n.m. Ez 47:10 fisher, fisherman, only pl. דַּיָּגִים Is 19:8, דַּיָּגִים Qr Je 16:16 (Kt דוגים). דַּוָּגִים Ez 47:10 & Kt Je 16:16.

†דּוּגָה S TWOT GK n.f. fishing, fishery, only in וְנִשָּׂא בְּסִירוֹת דּוּגָה Am 4:2 (|| בְּצִנּוֹת) of י׳, metaph. for dragging Isr. captive (cf. for practice referred to, in case of fish, Ez 29:4 & Jb 40:26 scornful summons to do it with crocodile, if possible! v. Herod.^{ii. 70} on mode of capturing crocodiles).

†דָּגוֹן S TWOT GK n.pr.m. 1 S 5:4 god & idol of Philistines (cf. Assyrian Dagan, Dakan(nu), name perhaps non-Shemitic COT Ju 16:23 Dl ¹³⁹ Sayce ^{188 f.} but v. Jen infr.)—god of Ashdod, except Ju 16:23 (Gaza) & 1 Ch 10:10 (but cf. infr.);—דגון אֱלֹהֵיהֶם Ju 16:23 cf. דגון אֱלֹהֵינוּ 1 S 5:7, בֵּית ד׳ 1 S 5:2, 5 1 Ch 10:10 (here hardly orig. cf. || 1 S 31:10 & We Dr); כֹּהֲנֵי ד׳ 1 S 5:5, מִפְתַּן ד׳ v 5; as name of image ד׳ (אֵצֶל) v 2, 3, 4, דגון נֹפֵל v 3, 4, רַק ד׳ נִשְׁאַר עָלָיו v 4 (but sense difficult; We proposes דָּגוֹ only his fish, i.e. fishy part, was left upon him, v. also Dr;—but was Dagon a fish-god? Cf. works cited above & Scholz ^{Götzendienst 238 ff.}, Baud in PRE^{2 iii. 460 ff.}, especially Jen^{Kosmol. 449 ff.}). Vid. בֵּית דָּגוֹן p. 111.

†i. [דָּגַל S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. look, behold (Assyrian dagâlu, Lotz ¹³¹; Thes RobGes MV SS De make דָּגוּל a denom. from דֶּגֶל = lifted up like a banner, or furnished with a banner, i.e. exalted, distinguished, AV RV chiefest);—Pt. pass. דָּגוּל מֵרְבָבָה Ct 5:10 looked at, conspicuous, according to Dl ⁴⁰.

†[דֶּ֫גֶל S TWOT GK] n.m. Nu 10:14 standard, banner (Assyrian diglu Dl ^{40 58}; cf. also Di Nu 2:2); cstr. דֶּגֶל Nu 2:3 + 7 times; sf. דִּגְלוֹ Nu 1:52 + 2 times; pl. sf. דִּגְלֵיהֶם Nu 2:17, 31, 34;—standard, partic. of separate tribes of Isr. ד׳ מחנה יהודה etc. Nu 2:3, 10, 18, 25; 10:14, 18, 22, 25; cf. also 1:52; 2:2 (|| אֹתֹת) v 17, 31, 34 (all P); fig. Ct 2:4 ודגלו עלי אהבה.

†ii. [דָּגַל S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. denom. carry, or set up standard, banner—Qal Impf. 1 pl. נִדְגֹּל ψ 20:6 (Gr Che נָגִיל; Bi נְגַדֵּל, after G S; Now נִגְדַּל; poss. נַגְדִּל?) set up standard in battle, cf. Dl ⁶¹. Niph. Pt. fpl. נִדְגָּלוֹת Ct 6:4, 10 bannered, supplied with standards, pt. as subst., of bannered hosts, cf. De.

דגן TWOT (√ of foll. meaning dub.; NH דַּגֵּן Pa. heap up etc. seems to be denom.; Ol ^{215 b. 4} der. דָּגָן from דָּגָה, cf. MV; We ^{iii. 170} inclines to regard דָּגָן as der. from n.pr. divin. דגן (cf. דָּגוֹן), as cereal from Ceres).

†דָּגָן S TWOT GK n.m. corn, grain (of cereals) (NH id., Sam. דגנ# (dgן) v. Thes; cf. Ph. ארצת דגן)—דָּגָן Gn 27:28 + 29 times; cstr. דְּגַן ψ 78:24; sf. דְּגָנִי Ho 2:11, דְּגָֽנְךָ Dt 7:13; 12:17; 14:23; 18:4, דְּגָנֶ֑ךָ Dt 11:14, דְּגָנֵךְ Is 62:8, דְּגָנָם ψ 4:8; 65:10—corn, c. תִּירוֹשׁ must, q.v., Gn 27:28, 37 (both J) ψ 4:8 Is 62:8 Ho 2:11; 7:14; 9:1 Zc 9:17; cf. also Nu 18:27 (P; here, for תירושׁ, מְלֵאָה מִן־הַיָּ֑קֶב), La 2:12 (where יַיִן), Ho 14:8 (where גֶּפֶן & יֵין לְבָנוֹן); ארץ דגן ותירושׁ of land of Canaan Dt 33:28; of land of captiv. (words of the Rabshak) 2 K 18:32 = Is 36:17 (other products, also, named in both); usually c. תירושׁ & יצהר Nu 18:12 Dt 7:13; 11:14; 12:17; 14:23; 18:4; 28:51 2 Ch 31:5 ( + דבשׁ) 32:28 Ne 5:11; 10:40; 13:5, 12 Je 31:12 Ho 2:10, 24 Jo 1:10; 2:19 Hg 1:11; also Jo 1:17 Me; (cf. 2 K 18:32 Is 36:17 supr.); alone, rare and late Ne 5:2, 3, 10 ψ 65:10 Ez 36:29; דְּגַן־שָׁמַיִם ψ 78:24;—of the above the following refer to firstfruits offered to the priests Nu 18:12 (cf. v 27) Dt 18:4 2 Ch 31:5; to tithe Dt 12:17; 14:23 Ne 13:5, 12; to both generally Ne 10:40; to loaning on usury Ne 5:10, 11.

†[דָּגַר S TWOT GK] vb. gather together as a brood (cf. Aramaic דְּגַר heap together; so ܕܓܰܪ (dgar) Nasar.)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. דָּגָר Je 17:11; 3 fs. דָּֽגְרָה Is 34:15—gather together into its shadow Is 34:15 (of קִפֹּז, q.v.), דָּגָר וְלֹא יָלָ֑ד Je 17:11 (of partiridge; sim. of one getting riches unjustly).

†[דַּד S TWOT GK] n.m. Pr 5:19 breast, better teat, nipple (τιτθοί Aq Pr 5:19 Symm Ez 23:3, 21; NH & Aramaic דַּד; primit. caressing word; according to Fl in NHWB^{i. 439})—Du cstr. דַּדֵּי Ez 23:3, 8 (both del. G S Co); sf. דַּדַּיִךְ Ez 23:21 (read בתוליך S Co); דַּדֶּיהָ Pr 5:19;—of breasts of woman Pr 5:19 (Hi Bi read דֹּדֶיהָ her love cf. 7:18); of Samaria & Jerusalem under fig. of young women Ez 23:3 (דַּדֵּי בְּתוּלֵיהֶן) cf. v 8; דַּדַּיִךְ v 21; but prob. del. ד׳ in Ez cf. supr. & Gei ³⁹⁷.—Vid. also שַׁד sub שׁדה.

דֹּד, דֹּדָה S TWOT GK v. sub דוד.

†[דָּדָה S TWOT GK] vb. [move slowly] (NH Pi. דִּדָּה lead slowly, Hithp. הִדַּדָּה; Aramaic דַּדִּי, אִידַּדִּי; Arabic دأدأ (d˒d˒) is run quickly (of a camel): on form, cf. Kö ⁵⁸⁷; SS der. from דאה cf. Sta ^{112 a, 150 a, 129 b, 581 d})—Pi. Impf. 1 s. sf. אֲדַדֵּם (so read for MT אֶדַּדֵּם Dy Bi & Che, cf. his crit. note) lead slowly (in procession) ψ 42:5. Hithp. Impf. 1 s. אֶדַּדֶּה Is 38:15; also sf. אֶדַּדֵּם ψ 42:5 MT but cf. supr.;—walk deliberately, at ease (De Che Di), or as in procession (Ew), Is 38:15 (cf. Che Di VB).

דדי Kt v. דּוֹדוֹ sub דוד.

†דְּדָן S GK n.pr.loc. & gent.;—ד׳ Gn 10:7 + 8 times + Ez 27:20 (but v. infr.) c. ה loc. דְּדָ֫נֶה Ez 25:13 cf. Ges ^{90, 2 ad} ;— 1. under fig. of son of רַעֲמָה and grandson of כּוּשׁ (v. these arts.) Gn 10:7 (brother of שְׁבָא) = 1 Ch 1:9 Ez 27:20; cf. בְּנֵי ד׳ v 15 (but read here perhaps רדן G υἱοὶ Ῥοδίων, cf. Sta ^{Pop. Javan. 11}, also S ܕܪܢ (drn), Co; v. sub דֹּדָנִים infr.) cf. also Ez 38:13, שְׁבָא וּד׳; also Je 25:23; transfer to 2. south-Arabian tribe on Persian Gulf, = Sab. בנו דדן according to DHM ^{1876, 122; Denkm. 28} (dubit. Mordt); but in NW. of Arabian peninsula, Glaser ^{ii. 391 ff.}; perhaps orig. further south cf. Di Gn 10:7. 2. as son of יָקְשָׁן, father of אַשּׁוּרִם etc., Gn 25:3⁽⁾ (here also brother of שְׁבָא) = 1 Ch 1:32; Je 49:8 ישְׁבֵי ד׳. This is appar. a northern branch of 1, cf. Di Gn 25:3.—On דדן in MI^{31, 31} cf. Sm & So ^{p. 29} Nö ^{Jan. 8, 1887} ClGann^{. Jan. 1887, 107}.

דְּדָ֫נֶה v. דְּדָן.

†[דְּדָנִי S^, GK] adj.gent. only pl. as subst. אֹרְחוֹת דְּדָנִים Is 21:13.

†דֹּדָנִים S GK n.pr.gent.pl. Gn 10:4; but = רוֹדָנִים 1 Ch 1:7; read here רדנים, so G Sam Di Sta ^{Pop. Javan. 11}; cf. Ez 27:15 supr. sub דְּדָן.

†[דָּהַם S TWOT GK] vb. astonish, astound (Arabic دَهِمَ, دَهَمَ (dahima, dahama))—Niph. Pt. כְּאִישׁ נִדְהָם Je 14:9 like a man astounded (|| כְּגִבּוֹר לֹא יוכל להושׁיע); G ὑπνῶν = נִרְדָּם.

†[דָּהַר S TWOT GK] vb. rush, dash, of horse (onomat.? perhaps cf. Arabic دَهَرَ (dahara) befall, fall upon, overcome, conquer)—Qal Pt. סוּס דֹּהֵר Na 3:2.

†[דַּהֲרָה S TWOT GK] n.f. rushing, dashing, of riders—Pl. cstr. דַּהֲרוֹת דַּהֲרוֹת אַבִּירָיו Ju 5:22; repetition for intensity, furious dashing.

†תִּדְהָר S TWOT GK n.[m.] name of a tree, prob. elm (Syriac ܕܰܕܳܪ (dador) (or ܕܶܕܳܪ (dedor) PS) Lag ¹³⁰ Löw ⁷¹; Arabic دَرْدَارٌ (dardārun) Lane ⁸⁶⁴ Dozy ^{i. 432} (also ash, v. Dozy^ib.); so Symm & B Is 41:19; cf. Di, where also other views, e.g. plane-tree (Rabb. Che), or pine;—√ dub.; Ges Is 41:19 Thes der. from דהר endure inferred from Arabic دَهْرٌ (dahrun) time, but this questionable; perhaps a loan-word), בְּרוֹשׁ תִּדְהָר וּתְאַשּׁוּר יַחְדָּו Is 41:19 = 60:13.

†[דּוּב S TWOT GK] vb. pine away (cf. דאב, דאבון)—Hiph. Pt. f. pl. מְדִיבֹת נפשׁ Lv 26:16 (diseases) causing to pine away the soul (life), cf. Di; in 1 S 2:33 read prob. Inf. לְהָדִיב את נפשׁך (for MT לַאֲדִיב) so Dr; trans. to cause thy (al. his) soul to pine away (cf. VB).

דּוֹב bear, v. sub דבב.

דוג, דַּוָּג S TWOT GK, דּוּגָה S TWOT GK v. sub דגה.

דוד TWOT (√ assumed for foll., wh. however perhaps primitive caressing word, Fl NHWB ^{i. 439} swing, rock, dandle, fondle, love; > Thes Dietr ^{Sem. Wortforsch. 277} MV, who connect with דּוּד (cf. infr.) cf. Syriac ܕܰܘܶܕ (dawed) disturb).

†דּוֹד S TWOT GK n.m. Ct 1:2 beloved, love (pl.), uncle (NH id., Syriac ܕܳܕ, ܕܳܕܳܐ (dod, dodo); Assyrian dâdu Dl ¹⁹)—abs. דּוֹד Ct 5:9⁽⁾; cstr. דּוֹד 1 S 10:14 + 3 times; דֹּד Lv 10:4 Est 2:15; sf. דּוֹדִי Is 5:1 (but cf. infr.) + 26 times all Ct; דֹּדִי Je 32:8 + 2 times; דֹּדְךָ Je 32:7; דּוֹדֵךְ Ct 5:9⁽⁾ + 2 times; דּוֹדוֹ Am 6:10 1 S 10:16, דֹּדוֹ Lv 20:20 + 4 times; דּוֹדָהּ Ct 8:5; pl. דּוֹדִים Ct 5:1; דֹּדִים Pr 7:18 Ez 16:8; 23:17; pl. sf. דֹּדַי Ct 7:13; דֹּדֶיךָ Ct 1:2, 4; דֹּדַיִךְ Ct 4:10⁽⁾; דֹּדֵיהֶן Nu 36:11— 1. most often loved one, beloved (lover, betrothed) Ct 1:13, 14, 16; 2:3, 8, 9, 10, 16, 17; 4:16; 5:2, 4, 5, 6⁽⁾, 8, 9⁽⁾, 10, 16; 6:1⁽⁾, 2, 3⁽⁾; 7:10, 11, 12, 14; 8:5, 14; beloved one, friend, שִׁירַת דּוֹדִי Is 5:1 (where Lo Che שׁ׳ דודים love-song, v. 3 infr.) 2. specif. uncle, Lv 10:4 (father’s brother, patruus; Syriac = also avunculus) Nu 36:11 1 S 14:50 2 K 24:17 Lv 20:20; 25:49⁽⁾ 1 S 10:14, 15, 16 Est 2:7, 15 Je 32:7, 8, 9, 12; perhaps also 1 Ch 27:32 Jonathan, David’s דּוֹד, so AV RV; = kinsman (?, so St RVm) Am 6:10. 3. pl. abstr. love Pr 7:18 Ct 1:2, 4; 4:10⁽⁾ 5:1 (5:1 al. concr. beloved ones, so AV RV, G ἀδελφοί); so עֵת דדים Ez 16:8; מִשְׁכַּב דדים Ez 23:17.

†[דֹּדָה S TWOT GK] n.f. aunt—only sf. דֹּדָֽתְךָ Lv 18:14 father’s brother’s wife; דֹּדָתוֹ Lv 20:20 Ex 6:20 father’s sister [cf. Nu 26:59].

†דּוֹדוֹ S GK n.pr.m. (his beloved, cf. דודוהו; or comp. דודה n.pr.divin. MI ¹², cf. דָּוִד infra)— 1. man of tribe of Issachar Ju 10:1. 2. דדי Kt 2 S 23:9 ( = דּוֹדַי 1 Ch 27:4), דּוֹדוֹ Qr = דּוֹדוֹ 1 Ch 11:12. 3. father of אֶלְחָנָן 2 S 23:24 דּוֹדוֹ = 1 Ch 11:26.

†דּוֹדַי S GK n.pr.m. = דּוֹדוֹ (q.v.) 1 Ch 27:4 (cf. דדי 2 S 23:9 Kt).

†דּוֹדָוָהוּ n.pr.m. (< G τοῦ Ὠδεια, GL Δουδιου, i.e. דּוֹדִיָּהוּ, beloved of י׳, cf. Nes ⁷⁰) father of Eliezer 2 Ch 20:37.

דָּוִד S TWOT GK, דָּוִיד₁₀₆₆ n.pr.m. David, son of יִשַׂי, king of Israel, whose dynasty remained on the throne of Jerusalem till the Babylonian exile (cf. 2 S 7:11–15 etc.) (beloved one? cf. Ba ¹⁸⁹; according to Sayce ^{Mod. Rev. 1884, 158 ff. 53, 56 f.} orig. Dodo, title of sun-god worshipped in Isr. cf. דודה n. divin. among E. Jordan Israelites MI¹²)—דָּוִד always Ru Sa Ki (except 1 K 3:14; 11:4, 36) ψ Pr Ec Is Je; also 1 Ch 13:6 Ez 34:24; 37:24, 25 (c. 790 times); דָּוִיד always Zc Ch (except 1 Ch 13:6) Ezr Ne; also Am 6:5 (where gloss according to Peters ^{Apr. 1886, p. 175}) 9:11 Ho 3:5 Ez 34:23 1 K 3:14; 11:4, 36 Ct 4:4 (c. 276 times);—first named 1 S 16:13; cf. also Ru 4:17, 22 2 S 1:1 +, 1 K 1:1 +, 2:1 +, etc. (v. supra); in titles of ψ 3—9, 11–32, 34–41, 51–65, 68–70, 86, 101, 103, 108–110, 122, 124, 131, 133, 138–145 (73 in all); also in ψ 18:51 ( = 2 S 22:51) 72:20; 89:36, 50; 122:5; 132:1, 11, 17; ד׳ עַבְדִּי (י׳ speaks) 2 S 3:18; 7:5, 8 = 1 Ch 17:4, 7 cf. v 26 = 1 Ch 17:24, also 1 K 8:24, 25, 26⁽⁾ = 2 Ch 6:15, 16, 17, 42, 1 K 11:13, 32, 34, 36, 38; 14:8 2 K 8:19; 19:34 = Is 37:35, 2 K 20:6; cf. further ψ 18:1; 36:1 (both titles cf. supr.) 78:70; 89:4, 21; 132:10; 144:10 Je 33:21, 22, 26; so also as represented in coming (Messianic) ruler Ez 34:23, 24; 37:24, 25, cf. Ho 3:5 Je 30:9 (v. עֶבֶד). Phrases are: a. עִיר ד׳ (according to Sayce^{Mod. Rev.} orig. city of god Dod[o]) = stronghold or citadel of Zion, 2 S 5:7, 9 = 1 Ch 11:5, 7, 2 S 6:10, 12, 16 = 1 Ch 13:13; 15:1, 29, cf. Is 22:9; especially of burial of kings 1 K 2:10; 3:1, 8:1 = 2 Ch 5:2, 1 K 9:24 = 2 Ch 8:11, 1 K 11:27 v 43 = 2 Ch 9:31, 1 K 14:31; 15:8 = 2 Ch 12:16; 13:23, 1 K 15:24 = 2 Ch 16:14, 1 K 22:50 = 2 Ch 21:1, 2 K 8:24 = 2 Ch 21:20, 2 K 9:28; 12:22 = 2 Ch 24:25, 2 K 14:20; 15:7, v 38 = 2 Ch 27:9, 2 K 16:20; burial of Jehoiada 2 Ch 24:16; further 2 Ch 32:5, 30; 33:14 Ne 12:37; cf. also קִרְיַת חָנָה ד׳ Is 29:1. b. בֵּית ד׳ 2 S 3:1, 6 + (cf. בַּיִת 5 c). c. אֹהֶל ד׳ Is 16:5 (cf. אֹהֶל 2). d. סֻכַּת ד׳ Am 9:11 (cf. סֻכָּה sub סכך). e. כִּסֵּא ד׳ 2 S 3:10 cf. 1 K 1:37; 2:12, 24, 45 Is 9:6 Je 17:25; 22:2, 30; 29:16; 36:30 cf. 13:13; 22:4, (cf. also כִּסֵּא). f. קִבְרֵי ד׳ Ne 3:16 cf. 2 Ch 32:33 קִבְרֵי בְנֵי־ד׳ (cf. קֶבֶר). g. מִגְדַּל ד׳ Ct 4:4. h. כְּלְי־שִׁיר ד׳ אישׁ האלהים Ne 12:36. i. אֱלֹהֵי ד׳ 2 K 20:5 + (cf. אֱלֹהִים 4 b). j. חַסְדֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 6:42 Is 55:3 (cf. 2 S 7:15 1 K 3:6 ψ 89:50 2 Ch 1:8 etc.).—(On text note the foll.:—דָּוִד 1 S 30:20a del. G B We Dr; 2 S 3:5 read prob. name of a former husband of Eglah We Dr; 2 S 13:39 read רוּחַ We^{p. 223} Dr; 2 S 19:44 read בְּכוֹר (for בדוד) G The We Dr; insert דָּוִד 2 S 9:11; 15:32 & 24:15 G We Dr; in 1 Ch 18:12 ψ 60:1 אבשׁי & יואב are less orig. than דָּוִד 2 S 8:13 We Dr).

†[דּוּדַי S TWOT GK] n.m. Gn 30:14 mandrake (as love-producing, cf. Di Gn 30:14)—pl. דּוּדָאִים cf. Ew^{189 g} Sta^{§ 301. 122}) Gn 30:14 Ct 7:14; cstr. דּוּדָאֵי Gn 30:14 + 3 times;—mandrakes, as exciting sexual desire, and favouring procreation Gn 30:14⁽⁾, 15⁽⁾, 16 (J); also Ct 7:14 where odour referred to. On דּוּדָאֵי Je 24:1 vessels, baskets, v. דּוּד.

†דּוּד S TWOT GK n.m. Je 24:2 pot, jar (Aramaic דּוּדָא, ܕܽܘܕܳܐ (dudo); perhaps cf. Syriac ܕܰܘܶܕ (dawed) disturb, from the idea of boiling)—abs. דּוּד 1 S 2:14 + 4 times; pl. דּוּדִים 2 K 10:7, דְּוָדִים 2 Ch 35:13; pl. cstr. דּוּדָאֵי Je 24:1—a. pot, kettle or cooking (בִּשֵּׁל) 1 S 2:14 (|| פָּרוּר, קַלַּחַת, כִּיּוֹר), 2 Ch 35:13 (vb. בִּשֵּׁל, || צַלָּחוֹת, סִירוֹת), cf. Jb 41:12; b. receptacle for carrying, all Vrss basket, 2 K 10:7 (heads of king’s sons), Je 24:2⁽⁾ (figs) cf. דּוּדָאֵי Je 24:1, as if from a ii. [דּוּדַי]; ψ 81:7 (clay or bricks, || סֵבֶל).

†[דָּוָה S TWOT GK] vb. be ill, unwell (NH ד׳ sorrowful, miserable, not in physical sense; cf. Arabic دَوِىَ [دَآءَ] (dawiya [da˒ā˒a]) be ill; Ethiopic ደወየ (dawaya) Assyrian perhaps deriv. di˒û, illness Zim ^{96, 97}; Aramaic דְּוִי, דְּוָא, ܕܘܳܐ, ܕܘܺܝ (dwo, dwi) be sad)—Qal Inf. cstr. אִשָּׁה … כִּימֵי נִדַּת דְּוֹתָהּ Lv 12:2.

†דְּוַי S TWOT GK n.[m.] illness, עֶרֶשׂ דְּוָי֑ ψ 41:4 bed of languishing (Che); sg. cstr. (Ew De Di) הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחְמִי Jb 6:7 they (i.e. my sufferings) are like disease (VB loathsomeness) in my meat, cf. Di; but text dub.

†דָּוֶה S TWOT GK adj. faint, unwell—דָּוֶה La 5:17, f. דָּוָה Lv 15:33 = 3 times; 1. faint, La 1:13 (|| שֹׁמֵמָה) 5:17. 2. unwell, menstruous Lv 15:33; 20:18; Is 30:22 דָּוָה perhaps = כְּלִי דָוָה De.

i. †[מַדְוֶה S TWOT GK] n.m. Dt 7:15 sickness—cstr. sg. מַדְוֵה מִצְרַיִם Dt 28:60 (read מַדְוֵי pl., as 7:15?); cstr. pl. מַדְוֵי מִצְרַיִם Dt 7:15 (both || חֳלִי).

†[דַּוַּי] adj. faint (on form cf. Ba ⁴⁸⁷)—דַּוָּי֑ Is 1:5 + 2 times—faint, always of heart Is 1:5 (|| לָחֳלִי fig. of condition of people); Je 8:18 La 1:22 of sorrow and distress.

†דְּיוֹ S TWOT GK n.m. ink (NH id., Aramaic דְּיוּתָא, ܕܝܽܘܬܳܐ (dyuto); Arabic دَوَاةٌ (dawātun) inkbottle, inkhorn; Ges-Dietr Fl NHWB ^{i. 41} der. from √ דוה in assumed sense of slowly flowing; Fl comp. Arabic دُواية, دِواية (duw˒yt, diw˒yt) thin skin on surface of milk, cf. also Ol ^{173 g}), וַאֲנִי כֹּתֵב עַל־הַסֵּפֶר בַּדְּי֑וֹ Je 36:18, cf. Lag ^{. Abh. 216}.—On erasible quality of Hebrew ink cf. RS, ^{400 f. ed. 2, 71}; v. further L. Löw^{Graphische Requisiten etc. bei den Juden, 1870, i. 145 ff.}

†[דּוּחַ S TWOT GK, דִּיחַ vb. rinse, cleanse away by rinsing, washing (NH Hiph., Aramaic Aph. id.; cf. Assyrian dîḫu Dl ¹⁷⁷)—Hiph. Pf. sf. הדיחנו Kt Je 51:34 Qr הֱדִיחָ֑נִי but read הִדִּיחני from נדח (Hi, cf. 50:17); Impf. 3 ms. יָדִיחַ Is 4:4; 3 mpl. יָדִיחוּ 2 Ch 4:6 + Ez 40:38 (Co conj. הַקָּדִים);— 1. rinse, victims to be offered in sacrifice Ez 40:38, so 2 Ch 4:6 (cf. supr.) 2. fig. cleanse by washing Is 4:4, of removing guilt.

דויג Kt v. דֹּאֵג sub דאג.

†[דּוּךְ S TWOT GK] vb. pound, beat (in mortar) (NH & Aramaic id., Arabic دَاكَ (dāka); cf. also Assyrian dâku, kill COT).—Qal Pf. 3 pl. דָּכוּ֮ בַּמְּדֹכָה (milra˓) Nu 11:8 (|| טָֽחֲנוּ בָרֵחַיִם).

†מְדֹכָה S TWOT GK n.f. mortar, Nu 11:8.