[דָּחַח S TWOT^, GK] vb. only Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. יִדַּ֫חוּ (Kö ³⁷⁷) Je 23:12 they shall be thrust down, fig., of wicked; read perhaps יִדָּח֫וּ, from דחה q.v.

דחן TWOT (√ of following; perhaps cf. Arabic دَخَنَ (daḫana) smoke arose, hence become dusky, dingy, inclining to black).

†דֹּ֫חַן S TWOT GK n.m. millet (NH דּוֹחַן Aramaic דּחִינָא), ד׳ Ez 4:9 in the series חִטִּין וּשְׂעֹרִים וּפוֹל וַעֲדָשִׁים וְד׳ וְכֻסְּמִים v. Löw⁷².

†[דָּחַף S TWOT GK] vb. drive, hasten (late) (NH id., Aramaic דְּחַף)—Qal Pt. pass. pl. דְּחוּפִים of runners Est 3:15; 8:14 (|| מְבֹהָלִים). Niph. Pf. hasten one’s self, hurry נִדְחַף אֶל־ Est 6:12; נִדְחַף לָצֵאת 2 Ch 26:20 (|| בהל).

†[מַדְחֵפָה S TWOT GK] n.f. thrust, ψ 140:12 יְצוּדֶנּוּ לְמַדְחֵפֹת (evil) shall hunt him with thrust upon thrust (Che, cf. De).

†[דָּחַק S TWOT GK] vb. thrust, crowd, oppress (NH id., Arabic دَحَقَ (daḥaqa) drive away, remove, Aramaic דְּחַק, ܕܚܰܩ (dḥaq))—Qal Impf. יִדְחָק֔וּן thrust, crowd, of locusts in swarm Jo 2:8; Pt. act. pl. sf. לֹחֲצֵיהֶם וְדֹחֲקִיהֶם Ju 2:18 (because of) them that maltreated and oppressed them.

†דַּי S^, TWOT GK^, subst. sufficiency, enough (NH, but not known in other cogn. languages)—cstr. דֵּי, with sf. (v. infr.) דַּיֶּ֑ךָּ, דַּיָּם— 1. absol. thrice only Mal 3:10 I will pour you out a blessing עַד־בְּלִי־דָֽי until there is not sufficiency, i.e. until my abundance can be exhausted, or, as this can never be, for ever (cf. ψ 72:7), Est 1:18 וּכְדַי בִּזָּיוֹן וָקָ֑צֶף and (there will be) as enough (i.e. in plenty) contempt and wrath, 2 Ch 30:3 לְמַדַּי = לְמַה־דַּי for what was sufficient. With a gen. of the person or thing for which anything suffices: Ex 36:5 מִדֵּי הָעֲבֹדָה (more) than enough for the work, Lv 5:7 and if his hand do not reach (if he do not command) דֵּי שֶׂה enough for (i.e. to buy) a lamb, 12:8; 25:28 דֵּי הָשִׁיב לוֹ enough for recovering it, Dt 15:8 דֵּי מַחְסֹרוֹ enough for his need, Is 40:16⁽⁾. With suff. Pr 25:16 אֱכֹל דַּיּ֑ךָּ eat that which is sufficient for thee; דַּיָּם Ex 36:7 Je 49:9 Ob v 5. Once with gen. of the thing which is sufficient, Pr 27:27 דֵּי חֲלֵב עִזִּים enough of goats’ milk.

2. Combined with בְּ, ךְּ, and especially מִן, דַּי (דֵּי) has a tendency to form compound prepositions, used idiomatically in certain applications:—a. בְּדֵי (a) for (the בְּ pretii) what suffices for: Na 2:13 the lion tare in pieces בְּדֵי גֹרוֹתָיו for the need of his whelps (|| לְלִבְאֹתָיו; but? כְּדֵי, v. b); iron. Hb 2:13 Je 51:58 the peoples labour בְּדֵי־אֵשׁ for fire (only to satisfy the fire), and the nations weary themselves בְּדֵי־רִיק for what is empty. (β in the abundance of, i.e. as often as Job 39:25 בְּדֵי שׁוֹפָר in the abundance of the trumpet, i.e. as often as the trumpet sounds (מִדֵּי elsewhere in this sense). b. כְּדֵי according to the sufficiency, or abundance, of Lv 25:26 and find כְּדֵי גְאֻלָּתוֹ according to the sufficiency of his redemption, i.e. as much as it demands, Dt 25:2 Ne 5:8 כְּדֵי בָנוּ (st. c. before בְּ: Ges ^{130, 1}) ‘quantum in nobis erat,’ after our ability, Ju 6:5 they came כְּדֵי אַרְבֶּה לָרֹב according to the abundance of the locust in multitude (for which כָּאַרְבֶּה לָרֹב would ordinarily be said: cf. 7:12). c. מִדֵּי out of the abundance of, hence as often as;—(a) sq. inf. 1 S 1:7 מִדֵּי עֲלֹתָהּ = as often as she went up, 18:30 1 K 14:28 ( = 2 Ch 12:11) 2 K 4:8 Is 28:19 מִדֵּי עָבְרוֹ as often as it passeth over, Je 31:20; (β) sq. subst., Je 48:27 מִדֵּי דְבָרֶיךָ בּוֹ as often as thy words (are) of him; and in the idiom. phrases מִדֵּי שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה = yearly (a combination of מִדֵּי שָׁנָה and שָׁנָה בְּשָׁנָה: v. sub שָׁנָה) 1 S 7:16 (v. Dr) Zc 14:16 2 Ch 24:5; and מִדֵּי חֹדֶשׁ בְּחָדְשׁוֹ Is 66:23 as often as month (comes) in its month (i.e. in its own time: חֹדֶשׁ made more precise by the add. of בְּחָדְשׁוֹ; cf. the phrase דְּבַר יוֹם בְּיוֹמוֹ): so מִדֵּי שַׁבָּת בְּשַׁבַּתּוֹ ib.; (γ) as conj., with the finite verb (אֲשֶׁר being understood: cf. בַּעֲבוּר etc.), Je 20:8 מִדֵּי אֲדַבֵּר as often as I speak.

†דִּי זָהָב S GK n.pr.loc. appar. on border of Moab Dt 1:1 (G Καταχρύσεα).

†דִּיבֹן, דִּיבוֹן S GK n.pr.loc.— 1. city in Moab (MI^{21, 28} דיבן, cf. ib.¹ adj. gent. הדיבני)—דִּיבֹן Nu 21:30; 32:3, 34 (built up or at by Gad) Is 15:2; in territory of Gad, hence דִּיבֹן גָּד֑ Nu 33:45, 46 (cf. on these vv. & 32:34 MI^{10 f.}); also דִּיבוֹן Jos 13:9, 17 Je 48:22; ישֶׁבֶת בַּת דִּיבוֹן Je 48:18; = דִּימוֹן Is 15:9, vid. also מֵי דִימוֹן v 9 = Arnon, cf. Che & Hpt ^{1887, 268};—mod. Dîbân, north of Arnon, cf. Seetzen ^{i. 409} Tristr^{Land of Moab 132 ff.} Bd. ¹⁹³ 2. דִּיבֹן Ne 11:25 place in Judah, toward south = דִּימוֹנָה Jos 15:22, cf. Hpt; conject. by Kn Ke (cf. Di) to be Tell ed Dheib (vandeVelde ²⁵²) called also Ehdeib (Rob ^{ii. 102})

דִּיג S TWOT GK, דַּיָּג S TWOT GK v. sub דגה.

דַּיָּה S TWOT GK v. sub דאה.

דְּיוֹ S TWOT GK v. sub דוה.

†דִּימוֹן S GK n.pr.loc. = דִּיבוֹז 1, q.v.

†דִּימוֹנָה S GK n.pr.loc. = דִּיבוֹן 2, q.v.

†דִּין S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} vb. judge (cf. Arabic دَانَ (dāna) intrans. to be obedient, submissive, trans. requite, compensate, rule, govern, دِينٌ (dīnun) obedience, abasement, recompense, دَيَّانٌ (dayyānun) requiter, governor, مَدِينَةٌ (madīnatun) city; Assyrian dânu, Impf. idı̂n, judge, Aramaic דָּן (יְדִין, יְדוּן) Syriac ܕܳܢ (ܢܕܽܘܢ) (don (ndun)) judge, exercise judgment, punish, דִּיָּינָא, ܕܰܝܳܢܳܐ (dayono) judge, דִּינָא, ܕܺܝܢ (din) judgment, ܡܕܺܝܢ݈ܬܳܐ (mdito) city;—on √ ע״י v. Nö ^{1883, 533}), syn. שָׁפַט—Qal Pf. דָּן Je 22:16, etc.; Impf. יָדִין Gn 49:16 + 9 times, יָדוֹן Gn 6:3 cf. infr., etc.; Imv. דִּין Pr 31:9 Jb 35:14; דִּינוּ Je 21:12; Inf. לָדִין ψ 50:4 + 2 times; Pt. דָּן Gn 15:14 Je 30:13;— 1. act as judge, minister judgment, of God ידין עמו Dt 32:36 (poet. = ψ 135:14) ψ 50:4; דין עמים ψ 7:9; 96:10 Is 3:13; יָדִין לְאֻמִּים בְּמֵישָׁרִים ψ 9:9; Messianic king ψ 72:2. 2. plead the cause, a. of men, usually c. acc. cogn., אֵין־דָּן דִּינֵךְ there is none to plead thy cause Je 30:13; ד׳ דִּין יָתוֹם plead cause of orphan Je 5:28; ד׳ דין עָני ואביון Je 22:16; also acc. cogn. om., Pr 31:9. b. of God, דָּנַנִּי אֱלֹהִים God has pled my cause Gn 30:6 (E). 3. execute judgment, vindicate, in battle against enemies, דָּן יָדִין עַמּוֹ Dan will judge (vindicate as a warrior) his people (v. Di) Gn 49:16 (poet.); the Messianic king בגוים ψ 110:6; god, בִּגְבוּרָֽתְךָ תְדִינֵנִי in thy might judge me (vindicate me) ψ 54:3. 4. execute judgment, requite, of man, דִּינוּ לַבֹּקֶר מִשְׁפָּט execute judgment every morning Je 21:12; of God, upon Egypt Gn 15:14 (E); עמים by means of powers of nature Jb 36:31; אפסי ארץ 1 S 2:10 (poet.) 5. govern, אַתָּה תָּדִין אֶת־בֵּיתִי thou shalt govern my house Zc 3:7. 6. לֹא־יוּכַל לָדִין עִם he cannot contend with one mightier than he Ec 6:10. Niph. Pt. וַיְהִי כָל־הָעָם נָדוֹן בְּכָל־שִׁבְטֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל and all the people were at strife througout all the tribes of Israel 2 S 19:10 (reciprocal, cf. Dr.)

Note.—לֹא־יָדוֹן רוּחִי בָֽאָדָם לְעֹלָם Gn 6:3 cp. perhaps دان (d˒n) continue, do something continually, in mod. Egyptian Arabic (So ^{lxvii (1894), 211 f.}).is difficult. (1) G B S Onk read ידור or (Kue) ילון abide in, dwell,—My spirit will not abide in man for ever; this best suits the context, but ידור, as Aramaism, is dub. (2) Kn De Schr RVm render rule in, supported by Zc 3:7 only. (3) Thes Ew Di render be humbled in, sustained by Arabic, not Heb., usage. (4) strive with of AV RV (cf. 6 supr.) is not justified.

†דִּין S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} n.[m.] judgment—Dt 17:8 + 16 times; sf. דִּינִי ψ 9:5, דִּינֵךְ Je 30:13;— 1. כסא דין throne of judgment Pr 20:8; משׁמים השׁמעת דין from heaven thou didst cause judgment to be heard ψ 76:9. 2. cause, plea, בין דין לדין between plea and plea Dt 17:8; דין דין plead a cause Je 5:28; 22:16; 30:13; עשׂה דין maintain the cause ψ 9:5; 140:13; ידע דין consider the cause Pr 29:7; דין לפניו the cause is before him Jb 35:14; שׂנה דין change the cause Pr 31:5; לְהַטּוֹת מִדִּין דַּלִּים Is 10:2; דין יתום Je 5:28; דין בל בני חֲלוֹף Pr 31:8. 3. judgment, condemnation, דין רשׁע judgment of the wicked Jb 36:17; דין ומשׁפט judgment and justice v 17. 4. strife, דין וקלון Pr 22:10 (legal strife, law-suit Str). 5. government, דת ודין law and government Est 1:13.

Note.—לְמַעַן תֵּדְעוּן שַׁדּיּ֯ן Jb 19:29 is variously explained. (1) AV RV that ye may know there is a judgment follow Aq Symm Theod, so De Da, in interpreting שׁ relative + דִּין judgment, but שׁ is unknown to the dialect of Job and דִּין is used only in Elihu section. (2) G reads ὕλη or ἴσχυς (i.e. שַׁדַּי (cf. 29:5 G)? or שֹׁד?), & Qr שַׁדּוּן, indicating ancient uncertainty and a corrupt text. (3) Ew Di read שַׁדַּי the Almighty, which accords with usage of Job. (4) Siegf כִּי שֻׁדָּ֑דוּ (doubtfully).

†דִּינָה S GK n.pr.f. daughter of Jacob Gn 30:21; 34:1, 3, 5, 13, 25, 26; 46:15.

†דָּן S GK^, n.pr.m. (judge)— 1. son of Jacob and Bilhah Gn 30:6; 35:25 Ex 1:4 Jos 19:47 Ju 18:29 1 Ch 2:2. 2. the tribe of Dan, מַטֵּה דָן Ex 31:6; 35:34; 38:23 Lv 24:11 Nu 1:39; 13:12 Jos 21:5, 23 (all P); בְּנֵי דָן Gn 46:23 Nu 1:38; 2:25; 7:66; 10:25; 26:42; 34:22 Jos 19:40, 47⁽⁾, 48 (all P) Ju 1:34 18:2, 16, 22, 23, 25, 26, 30; מַחֲנֵה דָן Nu 2:25, 31 (P)—on Ju 13:25; 18:12 v. מַחֲנֶה; מִשְׁפְּחֹת דָּן Nu 26:42 (P); דָּן alone in poetry Gn 49:16, 17 Dt 33:22⁽⁾ Ju 5:17, elsewhere Nu 1:12 (P) Dt 27:13 1 Ch 27:22 2 Ch 2:13 Ez 48:1, 2, 32. 3. a city on northern frontier of Israel at one of the sources of the Jordan, originally לַיִשׁ Ju 18:29 (cf. v 7); = לֶשֶׁם Jos 19:47; captured by a colony of Danites; named Dan, and made a sacred place with rites of worship that lasted until the exile (Ju 18:30); =Tell el Kâdî, Rob ^{iii. 351, 358} Bd ²⁶⁵. This place is frequently referred to: Gn 14:14 Dt 34:1 1 K 12:29, 30; 15:20 2 K 10:29 2 Ch 16:4 Je 4:15; 8:16 Am 8:14: read also וּבֵדָן for וְכֵן 2 S 20:18 G Ew We cf. Dr; and v. the phrase מִדָּן וְעַד־בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע Ju 20:1 1 S 3:20 2 S 3:10; 17:11; 24:2, 15 1 K 5:5; given by Chr מִבְּאֵר שֶׁכַע וְעַד־דָּן 1 Ch 21:2 2 Ch 30:5. (Ez 27:19 v. ודן.)

Note.—דָּ֫נָה יַעַן or דַּנָֿד (Bear) 2 S 24:6. No such place known; text usually regarded as corrupt,and, G being uncertain, variously changed: (1) דָּ֫נָה יַעַר to Dan in the wood, Thes after B silvestria. (2) (וַיָּסֹבּוּ) דָּ֫נָה וְעִיּוֹן to Dan and Ijon Klo (cf. 1 K 15:20). (3) (סָֽבֲבוּ) דָּן וּמִדָּן We Dr cf. G.

†דָּנִי S GK adj.gent. always c. art. as n.pr. coll. הַדָּנִי 1 Ch 12:35; שֵׁבֶט הַדָּנִי Ju 18:1, 30; מִשְׁפַּחַת הַדָנִי Ju 13:2; 18:11.

†דַּיָּן S^, TWOT^, GK n.m. judge 1 S 24:16; cstr. דַּיַּן ψ 68:6.

דָּנִאֵל S GK later דָּנִיֵּאל S^, GK n.pr.m. (cf. Ew ^{45 d}; Ēl is my judge; on a possible connexion with Zend dânu, wise, or wisdom cf. Che ¹⁰⁷; v. Palm. דנאל Vog⁹³)— 1. son of David 1 Ch 3:1, דָּנִיֵּאל, but dub. cf. Che ¹⁰⁶; G Δαμνιηλ, GL & Codd. Δαλουια; || 2 S 3:3 כִּלְאָב, G Δαλουια Klo proposes דֹּדִיָה & in Ch דֹּדִיאֵל, but grounds precarious. 2. דָּנִיֵאל priest of the line of Ithamar Ezr 8:2 Ne 10:7. 3. דָּנִאֵל a great sage Ez 28:3; classed with Noah and Job as models of righteousness Ez 14:14, 20; perhaps the same as 4. דָּנִיֵּאל, one of the noble young men taken into captivity by Nebuchadrezzar according to Dn 1:1–6, the hero of the book of Daniel, Dn 1:6 + 22 times (also frequently in Aramaic section).

†i. מָדוֹן S^{, , , ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.m. Pr 22:10 strife, contention—ψ 80:7 + 9 times; pl. מִדְיָנִים Pr 18:18, מִדְ֯וָנִים Pr 18:9 + 7 times; contracted into מְדָנִים Pr 6:19; 10:12, מִדֳנִ֯ים Pr 6:14; cstr. מִדְיְנֵי Pr 19:13. 1. strife, contention, alm. wholly Pr:—Pr 18:19; 23:29; 26:20; also 17:14 (|| רִיב), 22:10 (|| דִּין וְקָלוֹן); מ׳ יִשָּׂא Hb 1:3 contention ariseth (|| ריב); שׁלּח מ׳ let loose strife Pr 6:14, 19; 16:28; יְגָרֶה מ׳ he stirreth up strife 15:18; 28:25; 29:22; note especially אִישׁ מִדְוָ֯נִים 26:21 = a contentious, quarrelsome man; oftener אֵשֶׁת מ׳ = a contentious woman 21:9; 25:24; 27:15, cf. אֵשֶׁת מ׳ וָכָ֑עַס 21:19. 2. object of contention ψ 80:7, cf. אִישׁ מָדוֹן Je 15:10 (|| אִישׁ רִיב).—On מָדוֹן 2 S 21:??? Qr, v. i. מִדָּה sub מדד.

†ii. מָדוֹן S^{, , , ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.pr.loc. a royal city of the Canaanites Jos 11:1; 12:19; G Μαρρν, Μαδων, Λαμορων;= Madîn. close to Hattîn, Survey^{i. 365}, dub.; a village Maron lies 2 hours WSW. from Kedesh, vandeVelde ¹⁴⁶, cf. Di.

†מְדָן S GK n.pr.m. 1. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2 1 Ch 1:32.

מִדְיָן S^, TWOT GK n.pr.m. 1. son of Abraham and Keturah Gn 25:2, 4 (J) 1 Ch 1:32, 33. 2. an Arabian tribe Gn 36:35 ( = 1 Ch 1:46) Nu 31:3⁽⁾, 7, 8⁽⁾, 9 (P) Ju 6–9 (31 times); having a כֹּהֵן (as chieftain?) Ex 2:16; 3:1; 18:1 (E); זקנים Nu 22:4, 7 (JE), נשׂיא(ים) Nu 25:18 (P) Jos 13:21 (P), שׂרים Ju 7:25; 8:3, מלכים Nu 31:8⁽⁾ Ju 5:5, 12, 26; בִּכְרֵי מִדְיָן dromedaries of Midian Is 60:6; יוֹם מִדְיָן day of Midian Is 9:3 (the victory over Midian Ju 7–8) cf. 10:26 ψ 83:10. 3. אֶרֶץ מִדְיָן the land of Midian Ex 2:15 (E) Hb 3:7; מִדְיָן Ex 4:19 (J) Nu 25:15 (P) 1 K 11:18; land of Ælantic gulf (where Arabic geographers still place town مدين (mdyn)). Cf. on Midian, Glaser ^{ii. 447 ff.}; Hom ^{i. (1892), 4 f.}

†מִדְיָנִי S^, GK adj.gent. Midianite—Nu 10:29 (J); f. מִדְיָנִית Nu 25:6, 14, 15 (P); pl. מִדְיָנִים Gn 37:28 (JE) Nu 25:17; 31:2 (P), מְדָנִים Gn 37:36 (E).

†מְדִינָה S^, TWOT^, GK n.f. province (an Aramaic word, cf. Syriac ܡܕܺܝܢ݈ܬܳܐ (mdito), Arabicمَدِينَةٌ (madīnatun) city) cf. also Old Aramaic מדינתא city, Palm. מדיתא city, sf. מדיתהון, pl. מדינתא SAC⁷⁰ Lzb³⁰⁶ Cooke ²⁶⁶. Est 1:1 + 28 times; pl. מְדִינוֹת 1 K 20:14 + 23 times;—a district of an empire, 1. districts of realm of Ahab with שׂרים over them 1 K 20:14, 15, 17, 19. 2. of the Babylonian empire: Ez 19:8; Dn 8:2 (of Elam); שָׂרָתִי בַּמְּדִינוֹת princess among the provinces La 1:1 (of Judea). 3. of the Persian empire Est 1:1 + often; one of which was Palestine, Ne 1:3; the returning exiles, בְּנֵי הַמְּדִינָה children of the province Ezr 2:1 Ne 7:6, having רָאשֵׁי הַמְּדִינָה Ne 11:3. 4. provinces in general Ec 2:8; 5:7; בְּמִשְׁמַנֵּי מְדִינָה in the fat places of the province Dn 11:24 (fertile regions, prob. Egypt; other trans. vid. in Bev.)

†יָדוֹן S GK n.pr.m. a Meronothite, one of the builders of the walls of Jerusalem Ne 3:7.

†דִּיפַת S GK n.pr.m. a son of Gomer son of Japhet 1 Ch 1:6; but read prob. רִיפַת (q.v.); G Ἐρειφαθ, Ῥιφαε; GL ʼΡιφαθ; || Gn 10:3 רִיפַת G Ῥιφαθ, Ἐριφαθ.

דָּיֵק S TWOT GK v. sub דוק.

דִּישׁ, דַּיִשׁ S TWOT GK, i, ii. דִּישֹׁן S TWOT GK, דִּישָׁן S GK v. דושׁ.

†[דָּכָא S TWOT GK] vb. crush, poet. (Assyrian dakû, crush, Muss-Arnolt ^{Oct. 1890, 66}) not in Qal;—Niph. Pt. נִדְכָּאִים Is 57:15;—crushed, fig. = contrite ones. Pi. Pf. דִּכָּא ψ 143:3; 2 ms. דִּכִּאתָ ψ 89:11; Impf. וִידַכֵּא ψ 72:4; 2 ms. תְּדַכֵּא Pr 22:22 (juss.); יְדַכְּאוּ ψ 94:5, תְּדַכְּאוּ Is 3:15; sf. וִידַכְּאֵנִי Jb 6:9, יְדַכְּאוּם Jb 4:19; 2 mpl. וּתְדַכּאוּנַּנִי Jb 19:2 (so Bae???, v. his ed. p. 44, cf. Norzi); Inf. לְדַכֵּא La 3:34; sf. דַּכְּאוֹ Is 53:10;—crush, (fig.) c. acc. one’s life to the earth ψ 143:3, Egypt ψ 89:11 (cf. De Che; י׳ subj.), servant of Yahweh Is 53:10 (י׳ subj.), Jb 6:9 וְיֹאֵל אֱלוֹהַּ וִיד׳; oppressor ψ 72:4, God’s people ψ 94:5 (|| יְעַנּוּ), Is 3:15, cf. Pr 22:22 illegally in tribunal, La 3:34 ד׳ תחת רגליו (in all human oppressor subj.); crush me בְּמִלִּים Jb 19:2 (Job’s friends, subj.; || תּוֹגְיוּן נַפְשִׁי); never lit., not even Jb 4:19 (יְדַכְּאוּם, with indef. subj.), for suff. ref. not to בָּֽתֵּי־חֹמֶר, but rather to שֹׁכְנֵי, i.e. men inhabiting the clay houses, bodies, cf. Di. Pu. Pf. דֻּכְּאוּ Je 44:10; Impf. יְדֻכָּא Jb 22:9; Pt. מְדֻכָּא Is 53:5, מְדֻכָּאִים Is 19:10;—crushed, broken in pieces, shattered Jb 22:9 c. obj. fem. זרועות; Is 19:10 subj. שָׁתוֹת (here metaphor. for nobles); fig. of servant of י׳ Is 53:5; made humble, contrite Je 44:10. Hithp. Impf. יִדַּכְּאוּ Jb 5:4, יִדַּכָּ֑אוּ Jb 34:25—must let themselves be crushed, i.e. maltreated Jb 5:4 (in court בשׁער, cf. Pi. Pr 22:22); are crushed Jb 34:25 (the mighty, by God).

†i. דַּכָּא S TWOT^, GK^, adj. contrite (crushed)—דַּכָּא Is 57:15; דַּכְּאֵי ψ 34:19—contrite Is 57:15 (|| שְׁפַל־רוּהַ); ד׳ רוּחַ ψ 34:19 (|| נִשְׁבְּרֵי־לֵב).

†ii. דַּכָּא S TWOT^, GK^, n.[m.] dust (as pulverized), תָּשֵׁב אֱנוֹשׁ עַד־דַּכָּא ψ 90:3 (on form cf. Ba ¹⁴³).

†[דָּכָה S TWOT GK] vb. crush (only ψ);—Qal ודכה (יָשֹׁחַ) ψ 10:10 Kt is read as Qal Pf. וְדָכָה consec. by RobGes Ol De al., i.e. and he is crushed, or and he croucheth (Qr יִדְכֶּה Impf. so AV RV he croucheth); others read וְדָכֶה יָשֹׁחַ (adj. intrans. or passive) and crushed he sinketh down, cf. VB Che; possible wd. be יִדָּכֶה Niph. (|| יָשֹׁחַ and ונפל). Niph. Pf. וְנִדְכֵּ֫יתִי ψ 38:9; Pt. נִדְכֶּה ψ 51:19;—be crushed, broken, of physical distress ψ 38:9 (|| נְפוּגֹתִי); be contrite (לֵב נִדְכֶּה) ψ 51:19 (|| נִשְׁבָּר). Pi. Pf. דִכִּיתָ ψ 51:10; sf. דִכִּיתָנוּ ψ 44:20; crush down, of divine wrath; c. acc. ψ 44:20, and crush to pieces, obj. ref. to עצמות, in metaph. ψ 51:10.—דָּכוּ Nu 11:8 v. דוך.

†[דֳּכִי S TWOT GK] n.[m.] (crushing), pounding of waves, sf. ישׂאו נהרות דָּכְיָם ψ 93:3 of ocean.

דכך TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic دَكَّ (dakka) Aramaic דְּכַךְ, NH in deriv.; v. also דכא, דכה)

†דַּךְ S TWOT GK adj. crushed, oppressed—דַּךְ 74:21, דָּ֑ךְ ψ 9:10; 10:18; pl. sf. דַּכָּ֑ו Pr 26:28 (Baer; edd. al. דַּכָּיו)—poet.; always fig., oppressed, distressed ψ 9:10, 10:18 (|| יתום) 74:21 (|| עָנִי and אביון); Pr 26:28 דַּכָּו = those crushed by it (a lying tongue).

†דַּכָּה S TWOT GK n.f. crushing, פְּצוּעַ־דַּכָּה Dt 23:2 one wounded by crushing (viz. of testicles).

דָּל S TWOT GK, דַּל S^, TWOT^, GK^, n. door, v. sub דלה.

דַּל S^, TWOT^, GK^, adj. v. sub דלל.

†[דָּלַג S TWOT GK] vb. leap (NH spring over, skip (a verse), omit)—Qal Pt. דּוֹלֵג Zp 1:9 leap, c. art. one leaping על־הַמִּפְתָּן; G 1 S 5:5 ὑπερβαίνοντες ὑπερβαίνουσιν = דָּלֹג יִדְלֹ֑גוּ cf. Dr. Pi. Impf. יְדַלֵּג Is 35:6; אֲדַלֶּג־ ψ 18:30 = 2 S 22:30; Pt. מְדַלֵּג Ct 2:8;—leap, leap over c. acc. שׁוּר ψ 18:30 = 2 S 22:30; abs. leap as the stag, יְד׳ כָּאַיָּל פִּסֵּחַ Is 35:6; sq. על of locality Ct 2:8 (|| מְקַפֵּץ).

†דָּלָה S^, TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} vb. draw (water) (NH id., Aramaic דְּלָא, ܕܠܴܐ (dlo) Arabic دَلَا (dalā) pull up bucket; ii, iv let down; v hang down; cf. دَلْوٌ (dalwun) bucket; Ethiopic ደለወ (dalawa) weigh; Assyrian dalû, draw water, cf. Dl ¹⁰⁸ C Adler ^{Oct. 1888, xcix.}; also dilûtu, bucket, Id^ib., dalâni COT)—Qal Pf. דָּלָה Ex 2:19; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יִדְלֶ֑נָּה Pr 20:5; 3 f. pl. וַתִּדְלֶנָה Ex 2:16; Inf. abs. דָּלֹה Ex 2:19;—draw (water, but no obj. expr.) Ex 2:16, 19⁽⁾; fig. of drawing counsel (עֵצָה) out of heart, c. acc. (sf.) Pr 20:5.—דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 is difficult; read perhaps 3 m. pl. דָּלָיוּ intrans., a lame man’s legs hang down (helpless) so Ew Sta ^{413 a}; other views in De Now. Pi. Pf. 2 ms. sf. דִּלִּיתָ֑נִי ψ 30:2 fig. (cf. Pa. in Syriac) subj. י׳ thou hast drawn me up (out of She^e’ôl cf. v 4).

†[דָּל S TWOT GK] n.[m.] door (Ph. דל) only fig. cstr. דַּל שְׂפָתָ֑י ψ 141:3.

†[דָּלָה S^, TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} ] n.f. door, only Qr דְּלָתְֽךָ (Kt דלתיך) Is 26:20 fig., door of chamber in which people (personified) hide (cf. also דֶּלֶת du.).

†דְּלִי S TWOT GK n.[m.] bucket, כְּמַר מִדְּלִי like a drop (hanging) from a bucket Is 40:15; du. sf. יִזַּל־מַיִם מִדָּֽלְיָו Nu 24:7 cf. Di (on form dolyāw cf. Ew ^{180 a & Anm. 3}, also Sta ^{52 a}); fig. of Israel’s prosperity.

†[דָּלִיּוֹת] pl. of [דָּלִית] n.f. branch, bough, metaph. of Israel under figure of olive tree דָּֽלִיּוֹתָיו Je 11:16 Ez 17:6, 7 (figure of vine); v 23 (under figure of cedar); 31:7, 9, 12 of Asshur as a cedar, דָּלִיֹּתָיו Ez 19:11 Isr. as a vine (cf. Löw⁶⁵).

†דֶּ֫לֶת S TWOT^, GK n.f. (? m. Ne 13:19) door (NH id.; Assyrian daltu(m) Strm ¹⁸⁴³ Schr ; Ph. pl. דלהת CIS^{i, 7, 3};—according to Ba ^{1887, 607} from √ ידל, Assyrian edilu, to bolt, bar)—דֶּלֶת (always abs., and c. art. except Ct 8:9 + Ez 41:24 but here Co art.) Gn 19:10 + 18 times; דָּ֑לֶת Gn 19:9 Ju 19:22; sf. דַּלְתּוֹ 2 K 12:10; Du דְּלָתַיִם (cf. Ges ^{93 n}) Dt 3:5 + 9 times, דְּלָתָ֑יִם Jb 38:10; cstr. דַּלְתֵי Jos 2:19 + 6 times + Ez 26:2 Co; sf. דְּלָתַי Jb 31:32, דְּלָתֶיךָ Zc 11:1 + Is 26:20 Kt (cf. דָּלָה n.f.), דְּלָתֶיהָ Jos 6:26 1 K 16:34; pl. דְּלָתוֹת Je 36:23 + 10 times; cstr. דַּלְתוֹת Ju 3:23 + 19 times + Ez 26:2 (Co דלתי); sf. דַּלְתֹתֶי Pr 8:34, דַּלְתוֹתָיו 2 Ch 3:7; 4:22; דַּלְתֹתָיו Ne 3:1, 3, 6, 13, 14, 15; דַּלְתוֹתֵיהֶם 2 Ch 4:9; 1. door of house (disting. from door-way, cf. 1 K 6:31 פֶּתַח Gn 19:6) Gn 19:9, 10 Ex 21:6 (all JE) Dt 15:17 Jos 2:19 (JE) Ju 11:31; 19:22, 27 1 S 21:14 (דלתות השׁער) 2 K 4:4, 5; 6:32⁽⁾ Is 57:8 Jb 31:32; so fig. of wisdom’s house Pr 8:34 לִשְׁקֹד עַל־דַּלְתֹתַי; partic. doors of house of י׳ 1 S 3:15 (הֵיכַל י׳ v 3); temple 1 K 6:34⁽⁾; 7:50 2 K 18:16 1 Ch 22:3 2 Ch 3:7; 4:22; 28:24; 29:3 Ne 6:10 Mal 1:10; so of Ezek.’s temple, Ez 41:23, 24⁽⁾, 25. 2. door of room Ju 3:23, 24, 25 2 S 13:17, 18 2 K 4:33; 9:3, 10, especially doors of דביר or ק׳ קדשׁים 1 K 6:31, 32; 7:50 2 Ch 4:22 cf. also Ez 41:23; also of court עֲזָרָה 2 Ch 4:9⁽⁾, and of porch אוּלָם 2 Ch 29:7. 3. gates of city Dt 3:5 Jos 6:26 (cf. 1 K 16:34) Ju 16:3 1 S 23:7 2 Ch 8:5; 14:6 Ne 3:1, 6, 13, 14, 15; 6:1; 7:1 (ד׳ then generally distinct from שׁער, wh. denotes the whole structure of gate, incl. posts, open space, etc., while ד׳ is swinging door), 7:3; 13:19 (where also sense narrower than || שׁער) Is 45:1 (|| שׁערים) cf. v 2 and ψ 107:16; Je 49:31 Ez 38:11. 4. in other senses (mostly fig.): door (prob. lid) of chest 2 K 12:10; aperture of womb Jb 3:10 (ד׳ בטני); jaws of crocodile Jb 41:6 (ד׳ פניו); lips of man Ec 12:4; doors enclosing and shutting off sea Jb 38:8, 10; doors of heaven through wh. comes rain ψ 78:23 (cf. אֲרֻבֹּת השׁ׳ Gn 7:11); of column of ms.. (from shape) Je 36:23; fig. of easily accessible woman, Ct 8:9; in simile Pr 26:14; of Jerus. as gate of people Ez 26:2; of Lebanon Zc 11:1.

†דְּלָיָ֫הוּ S GK, דְּלָיָה S GK n.pr.m. (Yah(u) hath drawn)— 1. דְּלָיָהוּ, a. a priest, contemp. David, 1 Ch 24:18. b. a prince of Judah, contemp. Jerem Je 36:12, 25. 2. דְּלָיָה, a. head of a family contemp. with Zerubb. Ezr 2:60 = Ne 7:62. b. descendant of Zerubb. 1 Ch 3:24. c. father of contemp. of Neh. 6:10.

†דָּלַח S TWOT GK vb. make turbid (Assyrian dalâḫu, disturb, Zim ⁸¹ also in deriv.; Pal. T דְּלֶח fig. be anxious, fear, ܕܠܰܚ (dlaḥ) turbavit, conturbavit)—Qal Impf. 2 ms., וַתִּדְלַח Ez 32:2; 3 fs. sf. תִּדְלָחֵם Ez 32:13 + v 13 (Co תרפשׂם);—stir up, trouble, make turbid (always with feet) sq. מים Ez 32:2 (|| תִּרְפֹּס,—ס Baer, and not שׂ); so 32:13a, b (but v 13b Co reads תרפשׂ (cf. v 2) for תדלחם).

†[דָּלַל S TWOT GK^, ] vb. hang, be low, languish (NH Hiph. thin, thin out vines, etc.; Assyrian dalâlu, be weak, humble Zim ^74.97; Arabic دَلَّ (dalla) idirect, guide, دُلَّ (dulla) be directed, guided; دَلْدَلَ (daldala) put in motion, commotion; تَدَلْدَلَ (tadaldala) be in motion, hang, dangle; also دَلٌّ (dallun) amorous, coquettish, gesture or behaviour of women)—Qal Pf. דַּלֹּתִי ψ 116:6, דַּלּוֹתִי 142:7; 1 pl. דַּלּוֹנוּ ψ 79:8, דָּֽלֲלוּ, Is 19:6, דַּלּוּ Is 38:14 Jb 28:4 (on דַּלְיוּ Pr 26:7 cf. דָּלָה);—hang, ‘depend,’ Jb 28:4 (of one descending a miner’s shaft || נָעוּ); be low, of streams Is 19:6 (|| דָֽרְבוּ); be low, brought low, metaph. of distress ψ 79:8; 116:6; 142:7; languish, of eyes, look languishingly (Che) Is 38:14.—Niph. Impf. יִדַּל Is 17:4, וַיִּדַּל Ju 6:6,—be brought low, laid low Ju 6:6 fig. of Israel; Is 17:4 of glory of Jacob.

†דַּל S^, TWOT^, GK^, adj. low, weak, poor, thin (especially common in Wisd. lit. and poet.)—דַּל Lv 14:21 + 8 times, דָּל֑ Ex 23:3 + 17 times + דָּל֥ ψ 82:3; דַּלִּים Am 2:7 + 17 times; דַּלּוֹת Gn 41:19;—weak, thin, of kine Gn 41:19 (E); of Amnon 2 S 13:4; weak, of family of Saul 2 S 3:1 (opp. חָזֵק) cf. Ju 6:15; reduced, poor (opp. rich) Lv 14:21 (P) Ru 3:10 (opp. עָשִׁיר) Je 5:4 (opp. to הגדולים, v 5) Pr 28:15 Zp 3:12 (עַם עָנִי וָדָל֑); mostly subst., a poor (man), the poor Ex 23:3 (JE); opp. to עָשִׁיר Ex 30:15 (P) Pr 10:15; 22:16; 28:11; opp. הוֹן Pr 19:4; || אביון 1 S 2:8 Jb 5:16 ψ 72:13; 82:4; 113:7 Pr 14:31 Is 14:30; 25:4 Am 4:1; 8:6; cf. also Jb 20:10, 19 Pr 22:9 Je 39:10; reduced, weak, helpless (|| עני) Jb 34:28 ψ 82:3 (|| also יתום), Pr 22:22 Is 10:2; 11:4; 26:6 Am 2:7; || אלמנה Jb 31:16; opp. שׁוֹעַ Jb 34:19;—cf. also ψ 41:2 Pr 19:17; 21:13; 28:3, 8; 29:7, 14.

†i. דַּלָּה S TWOT^, GK^, n.f. coll., hair, thrum (both from hanging down)—דַּלָּה Is 38:12; cstr. דַּלַּת Ct 7:6;—hair, ד׳ ראשׁך Ct 7:6; thrum (threads of warp hanging in loom) in sim. of premature death מִדַּלָּה יְבַצְּעֵנִי Is 38:12.

†ii. [דַּלָּה S TWOT^, GK^, ] n.f. the poor—cstr. דַּלַּת Je 40:7 + 2 times; pl. דַּלּוֹת Je 52:15, 16;—the poor (coll., weak, helpless ones) Je 40:7 2 K 24:14; 25:12 (in || Je 52:16, as also v 15, MT has strangely the pl.)

†דְּלִילָה S GK n.pr.f. Delila, Philistine woman, mistress of Samson Ju 16:4, 6, 10, 12, 13, 18.

†דִּלְעָן S GK n.pr.loc. a city of Judah, Jos 15:38.

†[דָּלַף S TWOT GK^, ] vb. drop, drip (WisdLt.) (NH id. (זלף more common), דֶּלֶף trough, etc., Aramaic דְּלַף, ܕܠܰܦ (dlap), drip)—Qal Pf. 3 fs. אֶל־אֱלוֹהַּ דָּֽלְפָה עֵינִי Jb 16:20 i.e. weeps (drops in tears); דָּֽלְפָה נַפְשִׁי מִתּוּגָה ψ 119:28 i.e. weeps (Itself away Che cf. De); Impf. בְּשִׁפְלוּת יָדַיִם יִדְלֹף הַבָּֽיִת׃ Ec 10:18 the house drips, i.e. leaks, because cracks are not mended.

†דֶּ֫לֶף S TWOT GK n.m. a dropping (of rain, cf. Wetzst ^{xiv. 1891, 5}), fig. דֶּלֶף טֹרֵד מִדְיְנֵי אִשָּׁה Pr 19:13 etc.; ד׳ טוֹרֵד בְּיוֹם סַגְרִ֑יר וְאֵשֶׁת מִדְוָ֯נִים נִשְׁתָּֽוָה ׃ Pr 27:15.

†דַּלְפוֹן S GK n.pr.m. a son of Haman, Est 9:7.

†[דָּלַק S TWOT GK] vb. burn (intrans.), hotly pursue (NH id. Aramaic דְּלַק, ܕܠܰܩ (dlaq) all intrans. burn, kindle; Hiph., Aph. transitive)—Qal Pf. 2 ms. דָּלַקְתָּ Gn 31:36; 3 mpl. וְדָֽלְקוּ consec. Ob 18; sf. דְּלָקֻנוּ La 4:19; Impf. יִדְלַק ψ 10:2; Inf. cstr. דְּלֹק 1 S 17:53; Pt. act. pl. דֹּלְקִים Πρ 26:23;— 1. burn, וְדָֽלְקוּ בָהֶם Ob 18 (fig. of Isr. ravaging among Edomites, || וַאֲכָלוּם; on construction c. בְּ cf. 2 K 17:25); also in חִצָּיו לְדֹלְקִים יִפְעָ֑ל ψ 7:14 his arrows he maketh burning ones (subj. God) RV De Che al.; & שְׂפָתַיִם דֹּלְקִים Pr 26:23 burning (fervent) lips (opp. לֵב רָ֑ע). 2. hotly pursue Gn 31:36 (E; sq. אַחֲרֵי 1 S 17:53 (sq. id.); ψ 10:2 La 4:19 (both sq. acc.) Hiph. Impf. sf. יַדְלִיקֵם Is 5:11; Imv. הַדְלֵק Ez 24:10;—inflame, c. acc., subj. wine Is 5:11; kindle obj. הָאֵשׁ Ez 24:10.

†דַּלֶּ֫קֶת S TWOT GK n.f. inflammation, Dt 28:22.

דֶּלֶת S TWOT^, GK v. sub דלה.

†דָּם S TWOT GK₃₆₀ n.m. Gn 9:6 blood (NH id. Arabic دَمٌ (damun), Ethiopic ደም (dam): Assyrian damu Nor ²³⁹ Zim ^{72, 76}; Aramaic דַּם, דְּמָא, ܕܶܡ, ܕܡܳܐ (dem, dmo))—abs. ד׳ Gn 37:22 + 154 times; cstr. דַּם Gn 9:6 + 62 times; sf. דָּמִי 1 S 26:20 + 3 times; דָּֽמְךָ 2 S 1:16 (Qr; Kt דמיך) + 4 times; דָּמֵךְ Ez 16:22 + 3 times; דָּמוֹ Gn 9:4 + 30 times דָּמָה Lv 4:30⁽⁾ + 11 times; דִּמְכֶם Gn 9:5; דָּמָם Lv 16:27 + 11 times; pl. דָּמִים Ex 4:25 + 35 times; cstr. דְּמֵי Gn 4:10 + 18 times; sf. דָּמֶיךָ 2 S 1:16 Kt (Qr דָּֽמְךָ); דָּמַיִךְ Ez 16:6⁽⁾, 9; דָּמָיו Lv 20:9 + 3 times; דָּמֶיהָ Lv 12:7 + 2 times; דְּמֵיהֶם Lv 20:11 + 5 times;— 1. blood of man or animal, = the life (נֶפֶשׁ) Gn 9:4 (P) Dt 12:23 Lv 17:14⁽⁾ (H); cf. נֶפֶשׁ הַבָּשָׂר בַּדָּם הִוא v 11 (H & דִּמְכֶם לְנַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם Gn 9:5 (P); see also ψ 72:14 וְיֵיקַר דָּמָם בְּעֵינָיו; hence blood of animals not to be eaten Lv 3:17; 7:26, 27 (all P) 17:10⁽⁾, 12⁽⁾, 14; 19:26 (all H) Dt 12:16, 23; 15:23 1 S 14:32, 33, 34 Ez 33:25 (cf. RS ³¹⁰), but to be poured out & covered with dust Lv 17:13 (cf. RS ^{i. 216 f.}). 2. usually blood become visible, a. as from a wound ד׳ הַמַּכָּה 1 K 22:35 (cf. חֲתַן דָּמִים Ex 4:25, 26 v. infr. h); licked by dogs 1 K 21:19⁽⁾; 22:38 Ex 32:6; from the nose Pr 30:33; bloody issue of a woman Lv 15:19 cf. v 25; pl. דְּמֵי טָֽהֳרָה 12:4, 5, & מְקֹר דָּמֶיהָ v 7 (all P) 20:18 (H); blood in which child welters Ez 16:6⁽⁾, 22 + v 6 (del. A B S Co al.); of goat Gn 37:31 (JE); of slain bird Lv 14:6, 51, 52. b. often obj. of שָׁפַךְ spill, shed Gn 9:6 (P) 37:22 (E) Nu 35:33 (P) Lv 17:4 (H) Dt 21:7 1 S 25:31 1 K 18:28 2 K 21:16 24:4 1 Ch 22:8 Ez 16:38; 22:4, 6, 9, 12, 27; 23:45; 33:25; 36:18 (del. B Co) Pr 1:16; also ψ 79:3 שָֽׁפְכוּ דָמָם כַּמַּיִם; שֹׁמֵךְ דָּם a blood-shedder Ez 18:10; עִיר שֹׁפֶכֶת דָּם Ez 22:3 cf. v 4 (also 1 K 2:31 Je 22:3, 17 1 Ch 22:8; 28:3 Pr 6:17 La 4:13); less often subj. of pass. שָׁפוּךְ, נִשְׁפָּךְ, etc. Gn 9:6 Nu 35:33 (both P) Dt 19:10 Zp 1:17 ψ 79:10. c. דַּם חָלָל Dt 32:42 (song) blood of slain; ד׳ חֲלָלִים 2 S 1:22 so Nu 23:24 (JE), obj. of שָׁתָה, of Isr. under fig. of lion; cf. also Ez 39:17, 18, 19, & 2 S 23:27 = 1 Ch 11:19 (דַּם הָאֲנָשִׁים hyperbol. for imperilled life); as food of young eagles Jb 39:30. d. often of innocent blood, i.e. blood shed with injustice & cruelty, דָּם נָקִי Dt 21:8, 9 1 S 19:5 2 K 21:16; 24:4 ψ 94:21; 106:38 cf. v 38 Pr 6:17 Is 59:7 Je 7:6; 22:3 (also 26:15); דָּם נָקִיא Jo 4:19 Jon 1:14; also in cstr. דַּם נָקִי Dt 19:10; cf. 27:25 לְהַכּוֹת נֶפֶשׁ ד׳ נ׳; דַּם הַנָּקִי Dt 19:13 Je 22:17 2 K 24:4; דַּם נְקִיִּים Je 19:4; דַּם נַפְשׁוֹם אֶבְיוֹנִים נְקִיִּים Je 2:34; further דַּם צַדִּיקִים La 4:13; דְּמֵי חִנָּם 1 K 2:31; in ψ 30:10 דָּמִי = my death (|| רִדְתִּי אֶל־שַׁחַת e. avenger of blood גֹּאֵל הַדָּם Nu 35:19, 21, 24, 25, 27⁽⁾ (all P); Dt 19:6, 12 Jos 20:3, 5, 9 2 S 14:11. f. pl. דָּמִים of abundance, blood in quantity, hence sometimes of blood shed by rude violence, and of blood-stains;—Gn 4:10, 11 (J) as crying from the ground for vengeance (cf. RS ^{i. 397}), comp. also 2 S 3:28; 16:8 2 K 9:26⁽⁾; Is 1:15; 9:4; 26:21 Ez 16:6⁽⁾, 9, 36 (on text of v 6 vid. supr.) Zc 9:7 2 Ch 24:25; דְּמֵי אָדָם Hb 2:8, 17, and in other connexions; but interchangeably with sg. 2 S 3:27; 20:12 2 K 9:33 Is 34:3, 6,⁽⁾, 7 Ez 21:37; 22:13 (pl. Co) 24:8⁽⁾ al.; v. especially אֶרֶץ אַל־תְּכַסִּי דָמִי Jb 16:18; דְּמֵי ירושׁלם blood-stains of Jerusalem Is 4:4; = slaughter, sg. Gn 37:26 (J) Je 48:10 Ez 5:17; 28:23 (|| דֶּבֶר) 38:22 (|| id.); דַּם־עֲבָדָיו Dt 32:43 (song: cf. ψ 79:10); pl. דְּמֵי עֲבָדַי 2 K 9:7⁽⁾; דְּמֵי יִזְרְעֶאל Ho 1:4 bloodshed at Jezreel; cf. דָּמִים בְּדָמִים נָנָ֑עוּ Ho 4:2; דְּמֵי מִלְחָמָה 1 K 2:5⁽⁾; in Ez 9:9 וַתִּמָּלֵא הָאָרֶץ חָמָם (Bear) read דָּמִים for חָמָס v. d. H. Vrss Co Comm.; אָרַב לְדָם lie in wait for blood Pr 1:11 cf. v 18 12:6 Mi 7:2; דָּמִים of a plan of murder Is 33:15 (obj. of שׁמע); מִשְׁפַּט דָּמִים Ez 7:23 bloody crime; as symbol of oppression, violence Mi 3:10 (|| עַוְלָה), Hb 2:12 (|| id.) g. דָּמִים = guilt of bloodshed, blood-guiltiness Ex 22:1, then more generally, mortal sin (RS ^{417, 2nd ed. 441}, cf. Ez 18:13) ψ 51:16 (cf. Ho 12:15); also בּוֹא בְדָּמִים 1 S 25:26, 33. h. pl. also in phrases: חֲתַן דָּמִים bloody bridegroom Ex 4:25, 26; also those denoting character, chiefly poet., אִישׁ דָּמִים bloody man (sanguinary) 2 S 16:8 ψ 5:7 אִישׁ הַדָּמִים 2 S 16:7; אַנְשֵׁי דָּמִים, ψ 26:9; 55:24; 59:3; 139:19 Pr 29:10; ואל־בֵּית הַדָּמִים bloody house 2 S 21:1 but read with G We Dr ואל בֵּיתֹה דמים, & on his house is blood; עִיר דָּמִים Na 3:1; עִיר הַדָּמִים Ez 22:2; 24:6 + v 9 (del. B Co). i. דָּמָיו בּוֹ his blood is in (upon) him, he is responsible for his own death Lv 20:9 cf. v 11, 12, 13, 16, 27 (all H), Ez 18:13 ( + יִהְיֶח); דָּמוֹ בּוֹ Ez 33:5; דָּמוֹ בְּרֹאשׁוֹ Jos 2:19⁽⁾; so with שָׁבוּ 1 K 2:33 יִהְיֶה v 37 Ez 33:4; דָּֽמְי֯242 ֫֒עַל רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ 2 S 1:16, and הֵשִׁיב י׳ אֶת־דָּמוֹ עַל־רֹאשׁוֹ 1 K 2:32; also לֹא תָשִׂים דָּמִים בְּבֵיתְךָ Dt 22:8; and דָּמָם לָשׁוּם עַל אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Ju 9:24; (אל) נָתַן דָּם על Je 26:15 Jon 1:14; וְהָיָה עָלֶיךָ דָּמִים Dt 19:10, v 2 S 21:1 supr.; also sg. Ez 22:4 בְּדָמֵךְ אָשַׁמְתְּ, and as subj. of יֵחָשֵׁב לְ shall be imputed to Lv 17:4 (H); אֵין לוֹ דָמִים Ex 22:1 cf. v 2 (both JE) & (sg.) Nu 35:27 (P) j. of judicial process in case of bloodshed דָּבָר לַמִּשְׁפָּט בֵּין־דָּם לְדָם Dt 17:8 cf. 2 Ch 19:10; לֹא תַּעֲמֹד עַל־דַּם רֵעֶ֑ךָ Lv 19:16 (H). k. in phrase require blood at the hand of, exact vengeance (for it) from, דָּרַשׁ דָּמוֹ מִיַדּ Ez 33:6 Gn 9:5; דָּמוֹ נִדְרָשׁ Gn 42:22 (E); abs. דֹּרשׁ דמים ψ 9:13; אֲבַקֵּשׁ אֶת־דָּמוֹ מִיֶּדְכֶם 2 S 4:11 cf. Ez 3:18, 20; 33:8; פָּקַד ד׳ עַל־ Ho 1:4; וְנִקֵּיתִי ד׳ Jo 4:21; Ez 35:6⁽⁾; cf. on the other hand אַל־יִפֹּל דָּמִי אַרְצָה מִנֶּגֶד פְּנֵּי י׳ 1 S 26:20 i.e. let it not be unavenged. l. of blood as defiling a land Nu 35:33 (P) cf. ψ 106:38 (pl. בדמים); עֲקֻבָּה מִדָּם Ho 6:8 of a city foot-printed (VB) with blood; defiling hands Is 1:15; 59:3 La 4:14 cf. Ez 23:37, 45; further, of blood as oppressing one who has shed it עָשֻׁק בְּדַם נֶפֶשׁ Pr 28:17. m. atonement for blood-guilt is expressed by וְנִכַּפֵּר לָהֶם הַדָּם Dt 21:8 (on form of vb. cf. Ges ^55.9 & Di). n. blood (-shedding) as connected with divine wrath וְשָׁפַכְתִּ֫י חֲמָתִי עָלֶיהָ בְּדָם Ez 14:19; דַּם חֵמָה וְקִנְאָה Ez 16:38; v. further אַשְׁכִּיר חִצַּי מִדָּם Dt 32:42, cf. Je 46:10; cf. also of human vengeance by divine help יִרְחַץ בְּדַם הָרָשָׁע ψ 58:11; תִּמֲחַץ רַגְלְךָ בְּדָם 68:24; note further Is 49:26 Ez 39:19 (in both fig. of being drunk with blood); then of simple human vengeance וְהוֹרַדְתָּ֫ אֶת־שֵׂיבָתוֹ בְּדָם שְׁאוֹל 1 K 2:9. o. of water turned into blood (sg.) in Egypt, by divine power Ex 4:9 (J) 7:17, 20 (JE) v 19⁽⁾, 21 (P) ψ 78:44; 105:29; cf. Is. 15:9 & Ez 32:6; further, of appearance of blood in sky Jo 3:3, & of colour of moon v 4; specifically of red colour of water אֲדֻמִּים כַּדָּם 2 K 3:22 cf. v 23. 3. blood used with religious significance, a. blood of passover-lamb Ex 12:7, 13⁽⁾ (all P) v 22⁽⁾, 23 (all JE); note also דַּם הַבְּרִית i.e. blood by which a covenant was ratified Ex 24:8 (JE) Zc 9:11. b. blood used in ritual, Lv 17:11 הַדָּם הוּא בַּנֶּפֶשׁ יְכַפֵּר (H); cf. 2 Ch 29:24; also Ez 44:7, 15 (both || חֵלֶב); further Lv 1:5 Is 1:11 ψ 50:13; thrown on altar, vb. זָרַק usually c. עַל Ex 24:6 (JE) 29:16, 20 Lv 1:5, 11; 3:2, 8, 13; 7:2, 14; 8:19, 24; 9:12, 18 (all P) 17:6 (H) Nu 18:17 (P) Ez 43:18 2 K 16:13, 15⁽⁾ 2 Ch 29:22⁽⁾ cf. 30:16; sprinkled, vb. הִזָּה Lv 5:9; 16:19 (both P); sprinkled toward tent of meeting (vb. הִזָּה) Nu 19:4⁽⁾ (P); brought into tent of meeting Lv 4:5, 16; 6:23 cf. 10:18 (all P); sprinkled toward the holy of holies (vb. הִזָּה) Lv 4:6⁽⁾, 17; 16:14⁽⁾ (all P); brought within the veil on day of atonement Lv 16:15⁽⁾ (cf. v 14) v 27 (all P); thrown on people Ex 24:8 (JE; זָרַק); sprinkled on priests (הִזָּה) Ex 29:21 Lv 8:30 (both P); on garment (in sanctuary, הִזָּה) Lv 6:20 (P); applied with finger to horns of altar Ex 29:12 Lv 4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34; 8:15; 9:9⁽⁾; 16:18⁽⁾ (all P; cf. also Ez 45:19) Ez 43:20; applied to tip of right ear of priest Ex 29:20 Lv 8:23, 24 (all P; also Lv 14:14, 25 P); poured out at base of altar (שָׁפַךְ אֶל־) Ex 29:12 Lv 4:7, 18, 25, 30, 34 (all P); cf. with מָצָה (Niph.) Lv 1:15; 5:9; with יָצַק 8:15 (all P); half of blood put in basons Ex 24:6 (JE); blood poured out on altar Dt 12:27⁽⁾; blood of red heifer burned Nu 19:5 (P); vid. further such terms as דַּם זִבְחִי Ex 23:18; 34:25 (both JE) (cf. Dt 12:27 2 K 16:15); דַּם הַשְּׁלָמִים Lv 7:33 (P; cf. v 14); דַּם חַטָּאת הַכִּפֻּרִים Ex 30:10 (P) cf. Ez 45:19; דּם הָאָשָׁם Lv 14:14, 17, 25, 28; (v זֶבַח, שֶׁלֶם, חַטָּאת, אָשָׁם); דַּם־חֲזִיר, swine’s blood, as heathen offering Is 66:3; cf. נִסְכֵּיהֶם מִדָּם ψ 16:4 (v Che). 4. fig. of wine דַּם־עֲנָבִים Gn 49:11 (blessing of Jacob || יַיִן); cf. Dt 32:14 (song) דַּם עֵנָב תִּשְׁתֶּה־הָ֑מֶר—בְּדָֽמְךָ Ez 19:10 prob. text. error cf. VB Da proposes בְּרוּמָהּ in her height.

†i דָּמָה S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} vb. be like, resemble (NH id., Aramaic דְּמֵי, דְּמָא, ܕܡܳܐ (dmo) cf. דמין, ܕܡܰܝܳܐ (dmayo) price, Nab. דמי id. (Nö in Eut. ^{p. 35}); also ܕܡܽܘܬܳܐ (dmuto), and ܕܽܘܡܝܳܐ (dumyo) likeness (whence Arabic دُمْيَةٌ (dumyatun) image, effigy, as loan-wd. Frä²⁷²) cf. דְּמוּת)—Qal Pf. 3 ms. ד׳ Ez 31:8 ψ 144:4; 3 fs. דָּֽמְתָה Ct 7:8; 2 ms. דָּמִיתָ Ez 31:2, 18; 1 s. דָּמִיתִי ψ 102:7; 3 pl. דָּמוּ Ez 31:8; 1 pl. דָּמִינוּ Is 1:9; Impf. 3 ms. יִדְמֶה ψ 89:7; 1 pl. וְנִדְמֶה consec. Is 46:5; Imv. ms. דְּמֵה Ct 2:17; 8:14; Pt. דּוֹמֶה Ct 2:9;—be like, resemble, of external appearance, sq. לְ, Ct 7:8; 2:9, 17; 8:14; sq. אֶל־ Ez 31:8⁽⁾, 18 (all of tree, fig. of Pharaoh); of condition or quality sq. לְ Is 1:9 ψ 102:7; 144:4; so מִי … יִדְמֶה ליהוה ψ 89:7; also abs. Is 46:5; sq. אֶל Ez 31:2. Pi. Pf. דִּמָּה 2 S 21:5, דִּמִּיתָ ψ 50:21; דִּמִּיתִי Nu 33:56, Is 14:24; sf. דִּמִּיתִיךָ Ct 1:9, דִּמּוּ 2 S 21:5; Impf. יְדַמֶּה Is 10:7; 2 fs. תְּדַמִּי Est 4:13 (juss.); אֲדַמֶּה La 2:13 Ho 12:11; 2 mpl. תְּדַמְּיוּן Is 40:18; sf. תְּדַמְּיוּנִי Is 40:25; 46:5;—liken, compare; imagine, think, devise;— 5. liken, i.e. consider to be like, compare, causat. of Qal, sq. לְ of external appearance Ct 1:9; of quality or condition Is 46:5 (obj. י׳) La 2:13; sq. אֶל of external a appearance Is 40:18, 25 (both obj. God in ref. to idols); abs. use comparisons or similitudes (parables, symbols, etc.) Ho 12:11 (subj. י׳). 6. imagine, form an idea, devise 2 S 21:5 (on context cf. Dr); think, intend, sq. Inf. Nu 33:56 (J or H) Ju 20:5 Est 4:13; abs. Is 10:7 cf. 14:24; think that, sq. obj. cl. (Impf. without conj.) ψ 50:21; think of, sq. acc. ψ 48:10. Hithp. make onself or become like; Impf; אֶדַּמֶּה לְעֶלְיוֹן Is 14:14 I will make myself like the Most High (on form cf. Ges ^{54, 2}).

†דְּמוּת S TWOT GK n.f. likeness, similitude (mostly late) (according to Lag ^{12, 147 ff.} mispunct. for דִּמְוַת from דִּמְוָה; according to We ^{413, Eng. 389} an Aramaic loan-word, but v. Di Gn 5:1, Dr ^{xi. 216} Che. ⁴⁷⁴)—abs. ד׳ Is 40:18 + 3 times; cstr. ד׳ Gn 5:1 + 16 times; sf. דְּמוּתוֹ Gn 5:3; דְּמוּתֵנוּ 1:26;— 1. likeness, similitude, of external appearance, chiefly in Ezek.: Ez 1:5 (likeness, i.e. something that appeared like) so v 26 8:2 דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה (אֵשׁ) (cf. Co), 10:1 כְּמַרְאֵה ד׳ כִּסֵּא; cf. also Dn 10:16 כִּדְמוּת בְּנֵי אָדָם i.e. one like the sons of man; similitude, resemblance Ez 1:5, 10, 16, 22, 26; 10:10, 21, 22; דְּמוּת כְּמַרְאֵה אָדָם 1:26; מַרְאֵה ד׳ כְּבוֹד י׳ v 28; also 2 K 16:10 (pattern of altar), 2 Ch 4:3 (images of oxen); of son in likeness of father Gn 5:3 (P); so also of man in likeness of God Gn 1:26 (|| צֶלֶם), 5:1 (both P); cf. Is 40:18 what ד׳ will ye compare to him (אֵל)? || דִּמָה q.v. 2. adverbially, in likeness of, like as Is 13:4 cf. Ez 23:15 & כִּד׳ ψ 58:5.—Ez 1:13 read וּבֵינוֹת v. בֵּין and J P Peters ^{1892, 40.42}. On דְּמוּת אֶחָד Ez 1:16; 10:10 (apparently masc.) cf. Thes & Sm who trans. the likeness of one had they all four; Co reads אהת.

†[דִּמְיֹן S TWOT GK] n.[m.] likeness, דִּמְיֹנוֹ כְּאַרְיֵה ψ 17:12 his likeness is as a lion, i.e. he is like a lion.

†ii. [דָּמָה S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. cease, cause to cease, cut off, destroy—Qal Perf. 1 s. דָּמִיתִי Je 6:2, וְדָמִ֫יתִי consec. Ho 4:5; Impf. 3 fs. תִּדְמֶה La 3:49; 3 fpl. juss. תִּדְמֶינָה Je 14:17;— 1. intr. cease Je 14:17 (eyes from weeping) La 3:49 (id.) 2. cause to cease, cut off, destroy, c. acc. Israel (under fig. of בת־ציון) Je 6:2; (under fig. of אִמֶּ֑ךָ) Ho 4:5. Niph. Pf. נִדְמָה Is 15:1, 1 +; 3 fs. נִדְמְתָה Je 47:5; 2 ms. נִדְמֵיתָה Ob 5, נִדְמֵיתָ Ez 32:2; 1 s. נִדְמֵיתִי Is 6:5; 3 pl. נִדְמוּ Ho 4:6 +; Inf. abs. נִדְמֹה Ho 10:15; Pt. נִדְמֶה Ho 10:7; be cut off, destroyed, ruined, of a city Is 15:1, 1 (|| שֻׁדַּד) Je 47:5; of people Ho 4:6 Zp 1:11 Ob 5; of king Ho 10:7, 15⁽⁾ cf. Ez 32:2; of beasts ψ 49:13, 21; be ruined, undone, prophet at sight of Yahweh Is 6:5.

†דֳּמִי S TWOT GK n.[m.] cessation, pause, quiet, rest; ד׳ Is 62:6 + 2 times; cstr. דְּמִי Is 38:10 (but v. infr.);— 1. quiet, in phr. אַל־ד׳ לָכֶם Is 62:6 keep not quiet (let there be no quiet to you); in prayer to God אַל־ד׳ לָךְ ψ 83:2 keep not quiet (inactive; || חרשׂ, שׁקט); cf. וְאַל־תִּתְּנוּ ד׳ לוֹ Is 62:7 and give no rest to him (י׳). 2. in phr. בִּדְמִי יָמַי, Is 38:10 appar. quiet, peacefulness, even tenour, of my days (so De Or SS); others, as Hi Ew Che Di, pause, resting-time, i.e. noon-day (cf. S B, & height G), fig. of middle life, but usage dub.; Klo ^{1884, 157} cessation, pause, of natural end of life, Hezekiah’s natural expectation, in contrast with the speedy death implied in v b; but parallelism of v 11a is ag. this; Brd emends בְּרֻם after G; Klo suggests בְּתֹם or כְּתֹם but preferably in the half, i.e. the midst of my days from דָּמָה aequavit (Dathe).

†i. [דָּמַם S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. be or grow dumb, silent, still (NH id.; Ethiopic in ii. 1 አድመመ (˒admama) stupefy; iii., 1 & 2 ተደመ, ተደመመ (tadamma, tadamama) be astounded, stupefied)—Qal Pf. דָּ֑מּוּ ψ 35:15 Jb 30:27; Impf. יִדֹּם Am 5:13 + 2 times, וַיִּדֹּם Lv 10:3 Jos 10:13; 3 fs. תִּדֹּם La 2:18; 2 fs. תִּדֹּמִּי Je 48:2 (so Ki Ol & Kö³²⁷ q.v.; others Niph.); וָאֶדֹּם Jb 31:14; יִדְּמוּ Ex 15:16 + 3 times; 1 pl. cohort. נִדְּמָה Je 8:14 (Thes; or Niph.); imv. דּוֹם Jos 10:12 דֹּמּוּ ψ 4:5;— 3. be silent ψ 4:5; 30:13; 35:15 (prob., cf. De Che), Ez 24:17 Lv 10:3 (P) Am 5:13; in grief La 2:10; 3:28. 4. be still (opp. to both speech and motion) Jb 31:34; = perish Je 8:14; 48:2 ψ 31:18; (ד׳ לשׁאול); c. לְ be silent to i.e. be resigned to ψ 37:7; 62:6, sq. לְמוֹ עֲצָתִי Jb 29:21 (|| לִי שָֽׁמְעוּ); be still, motionless, stand still Jos 10:12, 13 (of sun || עמד); 1 S 14:9 (men); Je 47:6 (of sword || הֵרָֽגְעִי); so also of bowels, as seat of mental excitement Jb 30:27; La 2:18 אַל־תִּדֹּם בַּת־עֵינֵךְ, i.e. cease not to weep (|| הוֹרִידִי כַנַּחַל דִּמְעָה). 5. be struck dumb, astounded, in amazement and fear Ex 15:16 (כאבן) Is 23:2 (but cf. II. דמם). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. וְנָדַמּוּ consec. Je 25:37; Impf. יִדַּמּוּ Je 49:26; 50:30, יִדָּ֑מּוּ 1 S 2:9; 2 mpl. תִּדַּמּוּ Je 51:6—be made silent, i.e. destroyed; the wicked 1 S 2:9 (בַּחשֶׁךְ), cf. Je 51:6; men of war Je 49:26; 50:30; dwellings Je 25:37. Po. Pf. 1 s. שִׁוִּיתִי וְדוֹמַ֫מְתִּי נַפְשִׁי ψ 131:2 ‘composed and quieted my soul’ Che (as a weaned child). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. sf. הֲדִמָּנוּ he (God) hath silenced us ( = caused to perish) Je 8:14.

†דְּמָמָה S TWOT GK n.f. (silence) whisper (on format. cf. Ba ⁸⁷)—וְאַחַר הָאֵשׁ קוֹל דְּמָמָה דַקָּ֑ה 1 K 19:12; דְּמָמָה וָקוֹל אֶשְׁמָ֑ע Jb 4:16 a whisper and a voice, i.e. an articulate whisper (cf. Di); יָקֵם סְעָרָה לִדְמָמָ֑ה ψ 107:29 he settleth storm into whisper.

†דֻּמָּה S TWOT GK n.f. one silenced, brought to silence (?; destroyed?) מִי כְצוֹר כְּדֻמָּה בְּתוֹךְ הַיָּ֑ם Ez 27:32 (form pecul. & sense dub.: Baer כְּדֻמָה; Co כְּבֻדָּה from כָּבֹד adj., cf. 23:41 ψ 45:14) AV What city is like Tyre, like the destroyed (as though for מְדֻמָּה cf. ההללה 26:1; but Pi. Pu. not elsewhere) in the midst of the sea? RV like her that is brought to silence.—Dl^{Baer Ezech p. xi. & 64} der., hesitantly, from II. דמם.

†ii. [דָּמַם S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. wail (? cf. Assyrian damâmu, groan, wail, lament, Dl^{Baer’s Ezech xi; 64})—only Qal Imv. דֹּ֫מּוּ ישְׁבֵי אִי Is 23:2 wail, ye coast dwellers (cf. Dl), || הֵילִילוּ v 1, & הֵילִילוּ ישְׁבֵי אִי v 6; most, however, assign this to I. דמם q.v. (3).

דמן TWOT (√ of foll., meaning dub.; Arabic دَمَنَ (damana), prepare, improve, manure land, appar. denom.)

†דֹּ֫מֶן S TWOT GK n.m. dung (Arabic دِمْنٌ (dimnun)) always in this form and always of corpses, lying on ground as offal 2 K 9:37 Je 8:2; 9:21; 16:4; 25:33 ψ 83:11.

†דִּמְנָה S GK n.pr.loc. Levitical city in Zebulun Jos 21:35 (but read perhaps רִמֹּנָה +; cf. 1 Ch 6:62 Jos 19:13, and v. Di).

†מַדְמֵן S GK n.pr.loc. in Moab Je 48:2 (on text, however, cf. Che Is 25:10).

†i. מַדְמֵנָה S^, TWOT GK^, n.f. dung-place, dung-pit, במי מ׳ Is 25:10 (Qr בְּמוֹ מ׳).

†ii. מַדְמנָה n.pr.loc. in Benjamin, N. of Jeruslem Is 10:31.

†מַדְמַנָּה S GK^, 1. n.pr.loc. city of southern Judah Jos 15:31; loc. dub., Onom. Μηδεβηνα = Μηνοεις near Gaza Lag^{Onom. 279, 2nd ed. 276}; cf. Minyay S. of Gaza Rob ^{i. 602}; on other proposed identif. cf. Di 2. n.pr.m. descendant of Caleb 1 Ch 2:49.

†[דָּמַע S TWOT GK] vb. weep (NH id., Arabic دَمَعَ (dama˓a) & دَمِعَ (dami˓a) Aramaic דְּמַע, ܕܡܰܥ (dma˓): Assyrian in deriv., v. infr.), Qal Impf. 3 fs., and Inf. abs., וְדָמֹעַ תִּדְמַע וְתֵרֵד עֵינִי דִּמְעָה Je 13:17.

†[דֶּ֫מַע S TWOT GK] n.[m.] (weeping, trickling) juice, i.e. wine or (&) oil (cf. foll.) דִּמְעֲךָ Ex 22:28 (|| מְלֵאָֽתְךָ), cf. Di; Arabic دَمْعَةٌ الكَرْمِ (dam˓atun ˒l-karmi) = wine.

†דִּמְעָה S TWOT GK n.f. coll. tears (chiefly poet. and late; freq. in Je. and contemp.) (Arabic دَمْعٌ (dam˓un); Assyrian dimu, dimtu Hpt ^i. Zim ^{23, 95}; Aramaic דִּמְעָא, ܕܶܡܥܳܐ (dem˓o); NH דֶּמַע, דִּמְעָה)—abs. ד׳ ψ 80:6 + 10 times; cstr. דִּמְעַת Ec 4:1; sf. דִּמְעָתִי ψ 6:7 + 4 times; דִּמְעָתֶ֑ךָ 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 + Ez 24:16 (del. G Co); דִּמְעָתָהּ La 1:2; pl. דְּמָעוֹת ψ 80:6 La 2:11—tears ψ 6:7 Ec 4:1 La 1:2; 2:11; especially in Je. in phrase תֵּרֵד עֵינִי ד׳ etc. Je 9:17; 13:17; 14:17, cf. La 2:18; Je 8:23 וְעֵינִי מְקוֹר ד׳; אֲרַיָּ֫וֶךְ דִּמְעָתִי of weeping over, in behalf of one Is 16:9; as appealing to God’s compassion 2 K 20:5 = Is 38:5 ψ 39:13; ψ 56:9 שִׂימָה ד׳ בְּנֹאדֶ֑ךָ (cf. Che) v. also ψ 116:8 Je 31:16 Is 25:8; opp. רִנָּה ψ 126:5; of hypocritical tears Mal 2:13; fig. tears as food ψ 42:4 (דִּמְעָתִי להם); לחם ד׳ 80:6; as drink 80:6, cf. Babyl. dimtu maštîtî, tears (were) my drink (Zim ⁴²; || bikîtum kurmatî, weeping (was) my sustenance).—Ez 24:16 וְלֹא תָבוֹא דִּמְעָתֶ֑ךָ del. G Co cf. v 23.

†דַּמֶּ֫שֶׂק S TWOT GK n.pr.loc. Damascus (Assyrian Dimašḳi, Dimasḳi, Dl ²⁸⁰ Schr ^{Gn 15, 2 & ABK 323} Jäger ^{ii. 281 f.}; Arabic دَمِشْقُ, دِمِشْقُ (damišqu, dimišqu); Aramaic T Onk, etc. דמשק, Ps-Jon דרמשק; ܕܰܪܡܣܽܘܩ (darmsuq))—דַּמֶּשֶׂק 1 K 11:24 + 28 times; דַּמָּ֑שֶׂק Gn 14:15 + 8 times; דַּרְמֶשֶׂק 1 Ch 18:5 + 3 times Ch; דַּרְמָ֑שֶׂק 2 Ch 24:23; 28:5, דּוּמֶּשֶׂק 2 K 16:10; דְּמֶשֶׁק Am 3:12 v. foll., Vrss דַּמֶּשֶׂק;—ancient Aramaean city, situated lat. 33° 30ˊ N., long. 36° 15ˊ E., in plain E. of Hermon & SE. of Anti-Lebanon; on the Nahr Baradâ (Gk. Chrysorrhoas); mod. Dimishḳ & Esh-Sham, Rob ^{iii. 440 ff.} Bd ³⁰⁷; Damascus Gn 14:15 Am 5:27 1 K 11:24⁽⁾ 2 K 14:28 Ct 7:5; so also prob. Gn 15:2 (perhaps gloss cf. Di), (&Am 3:12 v. foll.); a trading-centre Ez 27:18; as capital & residence of king of Aram 1 K 15:18 = 2 Ch 16:2, cf. 1 K 20:34 2 K 16:9, 10⁽⁾, 11⁽⁾, 12 2 Ch 28:5 Is 7:8⁽⁾; 8:4; 10:9 (cf. Peters ^{April 1885, 242}) 17:1⁽⁾, 3 Je 49:23, 24, 27; including also surrounding territory Ez 47:16, 17 cf. v 18 48:1, v. מִדְבַּ֫רָה ד׳ 1 K 19:15; נַהֲרוֹת ד׳ 2 K 5:12; = kingdom Am 1:3, 5 cf. Zc 9:1; once (late) מֶלֶךְ ב׳ 2 Ch 24:23; note, also אֲרַם ד׳ 2 S 8:5, 6 = 1 Ch 18:5, 6; further אֱלֹהֵי ד׳ 2 Ch 28:23 (|| אֱלֹהֵי מַלְכֵי אֲרָם).

†דְּמֶשֶׁק S TWOT GK n.[m.]? Am 3:12 וּבִד׳ עָ֑רֶשׂ; punct. & meaning dub. alll ancient Vrss דַּמֶשֶׂק, and so Pusey; Hoffm ^{iii. 102} (‘in Damascus on a couch’) al., yet this hardly suitable in context; Thes Hi Ew Baur Ke Gunning RV al. follow MT, & render damask, silk, etc. (Arabic دِمَقْسٌ (dimaqsun) connex. with city דַּמֶּשֶׂק (Arabic دِمَشْقُ (dimašqu)) disputed; according to Frä^40.288 Arabic دِمَقْسٌ (dimaqsun) is by metath. from مِدَقْسٌ (midaqsun), & this a loan-word from Syriac ܡܝܛܟܣܐ (myṭks˒) & this from Gk. μέταξα (Old Lat. metaxa)).

דָּן S GK^, v. sub דין.

דָּנִאֵל S GK v. sub דין.

דנג TWOT (√ of foll., meaning unknown).

†דּוֹנַג S TWOT GK n.m. wax, דּוֹנַג Mi 1:4 + 2 times; דּוֹנָ֑ג ψ 22:15—always in simile, of melting; at theophany hills melt like wax ψ 97:5; like wax before fire Mi 1:4; wicked perish as wax melteth before fire ψ 68:3; heart melteth like wax ψ 22:15 (simile of fear, despair). On ד׳ in ψ 118:12 cf. Bae Che^crit.

†דַּנָּה S GK n.pr.loc. a city of Judah ‘in the hill country,’ named just before Ḳiryath Sanna = Debîr ( = Ḳ. Sepher), Jos 15:49 G Ῥεννα.

†דִּנְהָ֑בָה S GK n.pr.loc. capital city of king Bela in Edom Gn 36:32 = 1 Ch 1:43; identif. with Tennib (perhaps = Thenib, near the edge of the Belka, ENE. from Heshbon, described by Tristr ^{Moab 222}) by Neubauer ^{1891, 260} cf. Tomkins^{ib. 284}.

דָּנִיֵּאל S^, GK v. דָּנִאֵל sub דין.

דֵּעַ S TWOT GK, דֵּעָה S TWOT GK v. sub ידע.

דְּעוּאֵל S GK (רְעוּאֵל) v. sub ידע, רעה.

†[דָּעַךְ S TWOT GK] vb. go out, be extinguished (poet. & especially Wisd. lit. (Aramaic דְּעִיךְ, ܕܥܶܟ (d˓ek))—Qal Pf. 3 mpl. דָּֽעֲכוּ Is 43:17; Impf. יִדְעַךְ Pr 20:20, יִדְעָ֑ךְ Jb 18:5 + 4 times;—go out, be extinguished, of lamp, always fig., lamp of wicked (i.e. prosperity) אוֹר רְשָׁעִים Jb 18:5, נֵר ר׳ Jb 18:6; 21:17 Pr 13:9; 20:20; 24:20; of hostile armies Is 43:17 (|| כָּב֫וּ). Niph. Pf. 3 pl. נִדְעֲכוּ be made extinct, dried up, Jb 6:17 (of brooks). Pu. Pf. 3 pl. דֹּעֲכוּ of assailants, be extinguished, quenched כְּאֵשׁ קוֹצִים ψ 118:12; but read perhaps בעדו with G Bae & Che, v. Che^crit.

דַּעַת S TWOT GK v. sub ידע.

דפה TWOT (√ of foll., meaning unknown; NH דּוֹפִי is blemish, fault).

†[דֳּפִי S TWOT] n.[m.] blemish, fault בְּבֶן־אִמְּךָ ׃ תִּתֶּן־דֹּֽפִי ψ 50:20 against thy mother’s son thou dost allege a fault (|| בְּאָחִיךָ תְרַבֵּ֑ר).

†[דָּפַק S TWOT GK] vb. beat, knock (Arabic دَفَقَ (dafaqa) pour out, also drive (beasts))—Qal Perf. 3 mpl. sf. וּדְפָקוּם consec. Gn 33:13, but read 1 s. sf. וּדְפַקְתִּים G S Sam Di beat (in driving, drive severely or cruelly); Pt. דּוֹפֵק Ct 5:2 abs. knocking (at door). Hithp. Pt. מִתְדַּפְּקִים עַל־הַדָּ֑לֶת Ju 19:22 beat violently (beat themselves tired) against the door.

†דָּפְקָה S GK n.pr.loc. first station of Isr. after מדבר סין Nu 33:12, 13 G Ῥαφακα; situation unknown, cf. views in Di (On an interpret. of name from a stone or metal Mafkat, Ta-Mafkat = Mafkat-district, v. Eb ^{148 f. 552 ff.})

דַּק S TWOT GK, דֹּק S TWOT GK v. sub דקק.

דקל (√ of foll. cf. دَقَلٌ (daqalun) a king of palm; NH דֶּקֶל, date-tree, palm, Aramaic דִּיקְלָא, ܕܶܩܠܴܐ (deqlo)).

†דִּקְלָה S GK n.pr.m.(loc.) a son of Joktan, i.e. an Arabian territory or people Gn 10:27 = 1 Ch 1:21; unknown, cf. Di Gn 10:27.

†[דָּקַק S TWOT GK] vb. crush, pulverise, thresh; be fine (Arabic دَقَّ (daqqa) be or become thin, minute; Ethiopic ደቀቀ (daqaqa) Assyrian daḳâḳu Pa. break in pieces COT; Ph. דק id., Aramaic דַּקֵּק Pa. id., ܕܰܩ (daq))—Qal Pf. 3 ms. דַּק Dt 9:21, דָּ֑ק Ex 32:20; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְדֻקֶּ֑נּוּ Is 28:28; 2 ms. תָּדֹק Is 41:15;— 1. crush (trans.) sq. acc. לֶחֶם bread-stuff, corn Is 28:28; of threshing || דּוּשׁ Is 41:15 (fig. of pulverizing mts.) 2. only Pf.; be fine, of state to wh. Moses reducd the golden calf by grinding וַיִּטְחַן עַד אֲשֶׁר־דָּ֑ק Ex 32:20; וָאֶכֹּת אֹתוֹ טָחוֹן הֵיטֵב עַד אֲשֶׁר־דַּק לְעָפָר Dt 9:21. Hiph. Pf. הֵדַק 2 K 23:15 2 Ch 34:4; 2 fs. וַהֲדִקּוֹת consec. Mi 4:13; Impf. וַיָּ֫דֶק 2 K 23:6 2 Ch 15:16; 1 s. sf. אֲדִקֵּם 2 S 22:43 (but אֲרִיקֵם || ψ 18:43); Inf. abs. הָדֵק Ex 30:36; cstr. לְהֵדַק 2 Ch 34:7 (form anomalous cf. Ew ^{238 d} Ol ^{258 b} Be; read perhaps לְהָדֵק Ki; or לָדַק [v. כַּדַּק Is 40:15] cf. Öt);—make dust of, pulverize וַיָּ֫דֶק לְעָפָר 2 K 23:6 (i.e. the Ashere), || 2 Ch 34:4, 7 (כִּתַּת לְהֵדַק); so of the bamah הֵדַק לְעָפָר 2 K 23:15; of the מִפְלֶצֶת 2 Ch 15:16; fig. Mi 4:13 (obj. עַמִּים רַבִּים); Ex 30:36 (P) has וְשָׁחַקְתָּ֫ מִמֶּנָּה הָדֵק and thou shalt beat some of it fine i.e. the incense); 2 S 22:43 read אֲרִיקֵם (|| ψ 18:43) for אֲדִקֵּם (v. ריק). Hoph. Impf. יוּדָ֑ק Is 28:28 be crushed, subj. לֶחֶם bread corn (cf. supr. Qal);—on sense cf. Che &Di.

†דַּק S TWOT GK adj. thin, small, fine—abs. m. דּ׳ Ex 16:14 + times; דָּ֑ק Lv 13:30; f. דַּקָּה Lv 16:12 1 K 19:12; pl. f. abs. דַּקּוֹת Gn 41:6 + 2 times; דַּקֹּת 41:24; cstr. דַּקּוֹת 41:3, דַּקֹּתּ v 4;— 1. thin, of kine דּ׳ בָּשָׂר Gn 41:3 cf. v 4 (Sam has in both רַקּוֹת cf. MT v 19, 20, 27); of ears of corn v 6, 7, 23, 24 (all E); thin, shrunk, withered, of man Lv 21:20 (H). 2. small, fine, of the manna דַּק מְחֻסְפָּס דַּק כַּכְּפֹר Ex 16:14; of incense Lv 16:12, hair 13:30 (all P); of dust אָבָק דַּק Is 29:5; in sim. of isles in hand of י׳, אִיִּים כַּדַּק יִטּוֹל Is 40:15 (דַּק = subst. fine thing, fine dust); once of a low whisper קוֹל דְּמָמָה דַקָּה 1 K 19:12.

†דֹּק S TWOT GK n.[m.] veil, curtain (as thin), הַנּוֹטֶה כַּדֹּק שָׁמַיִם Is 40:22 he who spreadeth out, like a veil, the heavens.

†דָּקַר S TWOT GK vb. pierce, pierce through (NH id., Aramaic דְּקַר, ܕܩܰܪ (dqar))—Qal Pf. 3 pl. דָּקָ֑רוּ Zc 12:10; sf. וּדְקָרֻנִי consec. 1 S 31:4, וּדְקָרֻהוּ consec. Zc 13:3; Impf. וַיִּדְקֹר Nu 25:8, וַיִּדְקְרֵהוּ Ju 9:54—pierce, run through (always c. acc.): as retributive act, Israelite and Midianit. woman Nu 25:8; false prophet Zc 13:3; but also as speedy death Ju 9:54 (Abimelech); 1 S 31:4a (Saul) = 1 Ch 10:4; also 1 S 31:4b (but del. Be We after 1 Ch 10:4 & so GL 1 S 31:4 b), see also Zc 12:10 (cf. John 19:37). Niph. Impf. יִדָּקֵר be pierced through, slain Is 13:15 (in conquest of Bab. by Medes). Pu. Pt. pl. מְדֻקָּרִים pierced, riddled, (i.e. desperately wounded) warriors, Je 37:10, slain Je 51:4 (|| חללים); by hunger La 4:9 (|| חַלְלֵי רָעָב).

†דֶּ֫קֶר S GK n.pr.m. (piercing, i.e. sharp weapon? Talm. pick, mattock) 1 K 4:9 בֶּן־דֶּקֶר cf. sub. בן.

†[מַדְקָרָה S TWOT GK] n.f. piercing, stab, thrust, only pl. cstr. כְּמַדְקְרוֹת חָ֑רֶב Pr 12:18 like thrusts of a sword, sim. of rash speaking.

דַּר S TWOT GK v. דרר.

דֹּר S TWOT GK v. דור.

דרא TWOT (√ of foll. cf. Arabic دَرَا (darā) repel.)

†דֵּרָאוֹן S TWOT GK n.m. aversion, abhorrence, abs. ד׳ Is 66:24 object of abhorrence; cstr. דִּרְאוֹן עולם everlasting abhorrence Dn 12:2 (on form cf. Lag ^{200, 202}).

דרב TWOT (√ of foll. cf. Arabic دَرِبَ (dariba) become accustomed, trained, دَرَّبَ (darraba) train, cf. Fl NHWB ^{i. 444}; also Ethiopic ደርበየ (darbaya) (quardrilit.) jaculando infigere, etc.; or, since דָּרְבָן Aramaic in form, & 1 S 13:21 perhaps secondary, possibly regard as Aramaic loan-word & connect with Arabic ذَرِبَ (ḏariba) be sharp, penetrating (GFM, note of Apr. 1892)).

†דָּרְבָן S TWOT GK n.[m.] goad (NH id.), לְהַצִּיב הַדָּרְבָ֑ן 1 S 13:21 (on form cf. Ol ^{215 b. 3} al. Dr).

[דָּֽרְבֹנָה S TWOT GK] n.[f.] goad, only abs. pl., in sim. דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים כַּדָּ֣רְבֹנוֹת Ec 12:11 (cf. De ^{Koh 434}).

דרג TWOT (√ of foll. cf. Arabic دَرَجَ (daraja) go on foot, step bt step, walk, دَرِجَ (darija) rise in grade, rank; NH דרג Hiph. raise, make high; Eth; ደርገ (darga) is be connected; Aramaic ܕܰܪܶܓ (dareg) (verb denom. according to PS); also Assyrian darâgu, be high, lift, Lyon ^{Sargontexte 80}, durgu, daragu, path, way (of steep mountain paths) COT (cf. also דר152); Arabic دَرَجَةٌ (darajatun) a step, stair, Aramaic דַּרְגָּא, ܕܪܶܓ, ܕܰܪܓܳܐ (dreg, dargo) id.)

†מַדְרֵגָה S TWOT GK n.f. steep place, steep,—מ׳ Ct 2:14 (|| סֶ֫לַע), pl. הַמַּדְרֵגוֹת Ez 38:20 (|| ההרים and חומה).

†דַּרְדַּע S GK n.pr.m. (etym. dub.; possibly = דַּרְדַּר, belonging then sub דרר, cf. Thes⁸³)—only 1 K 5:11 Eathan the Ezrahite, and Heman, and Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol (types of wise men, but solomon wiser than they); = דָּ֑רַע 1 Ch 2:6, where read דַּרְדַּע with S T & Codd.