†[הָלַם S TWOT GK] vb. smite, hammer, strike down (cf. Ph. מהלם infr. sub מַהֲלֻמוֹת);—Qal Pf. 3 fs. וְהָֽלְמָה consec. Ju 5:26; 3 pl. הָֽלְמוּ Ju 5:22 Is 16:8; sf. הֲלָמוּנִי Pr 23:35; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יֶהֶלְמֵנִי ψ 141:5; 3 mpl. יַהֲלֹמ֑וּן ψ 74:6; Pt. act. ה֫וֹלֶם פָּ֑עַם Is 41:7 (cf. Ges ^{29, 3 b}); pass. cstr. הֲלוּמֵי Is 28:1;—smite (with hammer), sq. acc. pers. Ju 5:26 (fatally; || מָחַק, מָחַץ); also fig. of correction, discipline ψ 141:5 (|| הוֹכִיחַ); of intoxicating wine גֶּפֶן שִׂבְמָה בַּעֲלֵי גוֹיִם הָֽלְמוּ שְׂרוּקֶּיהָ Is 16:8 the vine of Sibma, its choice branches smote down lords of nations (so Hi De Che Brd Di al., RVm; lords subj. according to Ges Ew al. AV RV); also הֲלוּמֵי יַיִן smitten down by wine Is 28:1; cf. further Pr 23:35; sq. acc. rei ה֫וֹלֶם־פָּ֑עַם Is 41:7 one striking an anvil; smite down, or strike off ψ 74:6 (obj. פִּתּוּחִים carved work); also abs. of horses’ hoofs Ju 5:22.—On וַהֲלֹם 1 S 14:16 v. הֲלֹם.

†הֶ֫לֶם n.pr.m. a man of Asher 1 Ch 7:35.

†הַלְמוּת S TWOT GK n.m. hammer, mallet, only cstr. ה׳ עֲמֵלִים Ju 5:26 a workman’s hammer.

†יַהֲלֹם S TWOT GK n.[m.] a precious stone, jasper? (so G B), or onyx? (cf. Di Ex 28:18) (appar. from √ הלם; owing to its hardness, as able to smite, hammer?)—mentioned in lists of precious stones Ex 28:18; 39:11 Ez 28:13.

†מַהֲלֻמֿוֹת S TWOT GK n.f.pl. strokes, blows (cf. Ph. מהלם stroke, stamp, impression, once on a coin מהלם אגדר coinage of Gader (Gades), = percussura, κόμμα, Ges ^{Mon. 40, xv. c} also ^{p. 307})—Pr 18:6 (cf. Baer) 19:29, both times of blows on the body.

†הֲלֹם S TWOT GK adv. of place, hither (Arabic هَلُمَّ (halumma) hither!)—Ex 3:5 אַל־תִּקְרַב הֲלֹם approach not hither, Ju 18:3; 20:7 1 S 10:22; 14:16 and lo, the camp melted away וַיֵּלֶךְ וַהֲלֹם read with G (ἔνθεν καὶ ἔνθεν) Th We Dr הֲלֹם וַהֲלֹם hither and thither i.e. in different directions (cf. הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה Jos 8:20), v 36, 38 Ru 2:14; עַד הֲלֹם fig. hitherto, thus far (i.e. to this point of dignity and greatness) 2 S 7:18 ( = 1 Ch 17:16). ψ 73:10, if text be sound, הֲלֹם must mean thither (sc. after the persons described v 3–9); but such sense questionable; read prob. with Houb La for ישיב עמו הלם, יַשְׂבִּעֵמוֹ לָ֑חֶם satisfies them with bread: cf. Che Hup-Now. Gn 16:13 = here; but here also text is dub.: v Di. Ju 14:15 read הֲלֹם for הֲלֹא: v. הֲ 1 end.

†הָ֑ם S^, TWOT GK^, n.pr.loc. only in הַזּוּזִים בְּהָ֑ם Gn 14:5; not otherwise known; Vrss בָּהֶם; Jer^{Quaest. in libr. Genes.} בְּחֹם; Ol conj. בַּחֲמָת; Tu Di think perhaps old name of Rabbath Ammon.

†[הם?, המה?] only in מֵהֱמֵהֶם Ez 7:11 Ew nothing of their moaning, wailing; Thes RV wealth, cf. הָמוֹן 5, but precarious; form very suspicious; prob. dittogr. for preceding מֵהֶם; del. B Co.

†הַמְּדָתָא S GK n.pr.m. father of Haman (Pers. mâh, moon (mâha, month, Spieg ²³⁶) + data, given? so (written hamaodata) Öt; G Ἁμαδαθου (always Genit.); in Gk. perhaps Μαδάτης [Μαδάτας, Μαδέτης], cf. Xenoph^{Cyr, 3. 41} Diod^{xvii, 67} Pott ^{1859, 424});—הַמְּדָחָא הָֽאֲגָגִי Est 3:1, 10; 8:5; 9:24; without האגגי 9:10.

הֵ֫מָּה S^, TWOT GK^, and הֵם S TWOT GK (without appreciable distinction in usage, except prob. in so far as the longer or shorter form was better adapted to the rhythm of particular sentences: on the whole הֵמָּה (alone) is somewhat more freq. than הֵם, הָהֵם on the contrary is said regularly, הָהֵמָּה occurring only 12 times, viz. Nu 9:7 (P), Je 14:15 Zc 14:15, and in the phr. בַּ(הַ)יָּמִים הָהֵמָּה 2 K 18:4 Je 3:16, 18; 5:18; 50:4 Jo 3:2; 4:1 Zc 8:23 Ne 13:15, though בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם is much more common) pron. 3 pl. masc. (הֵמָּה used incorrectly for the fem. Zc 5:10 Ru 1:22 Ct 6:8), fem. הֵ֫נָּה [NH also הֵן, which occurs however in Bibl. Heb. only after a prefix: v. infr. 8], pr. 3 pl. they (Biblical Aramaic הִמּוֹ, q.v.; هُنَّ, هُمْ (hunna, hum); Ethiopic (one form) እሙንቱ, እማንቱ (˒əmuntu, ˒əmāntu) ˒emūn-tū, ˒emān-tū; cf. also for the dissyl. form, the sf. –ōmū [fem. –ōn]; perhaps also Assyrian suff. šunu, šina[ni], cf. reff. sub הוּא). In usage not different in genl. from הוּא, הִיא (which see, under the corresponding headings, for fuller explanations), thus:—

1. a. Gn 6:4 Ex 5:7 הֵם יֵֽלְכוּ let them (emph.) go and gather straw, Nu 31:16 Is 24:14 Ho 4:14; 7:3 etc.; after בִּי Je 5:5 34:7. (For the use in circumst. clauses v. Dr ^{160, 169}.) b. Ju 1:22 ויעלו … גַם הֵם, Dt 2:11 (אַף הֵם), 3:20 Jos 9:4 Ez 30:17. c. Ex 18:22 every small matter יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵם let them judge themselves, v 26 Je 15:19; 17:18 ψ 109:28; Est 9:1. d. Gn 33:6; 44:3 Jud 6:5 etc. e. cf. Ne 10:38.

2. a. (Resuming the subj. with emph.) Gn 14:24 (note accents), Dt 1:39 ψ 23:4; 27:2 (accents), 37:9; 107:24 Ez 36:7; 44:15. b. Is 30:7 Ez 27:13, 17, 21; cf. Is 44:11. c. Nu 14:27a Je 27:9 Ez 43:19 אֲשֶׁר הֵם מִוֶּרַע צָדוֹק, Ec 4:2 Ne 2:13.—הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחֻמִי Jb 6:7 read perhaps וַהֲמָה וגו׳ (or זָֽהֲמָה) it is loathesome (√ זהם).

3. a. Gn 3:7 Ex 5:8 כִּי נִרְפִּים הֵם for they are idle, 14:3; 15:23; 29:33 etc. (the opp. order rare: Nu 11:16 Is 61:9, cf. De ψ 94:11). b. Gn 34:21, 23; 41:26; 48:5 שׁני בניך … לִי הֵם thy two sons …, they are mine, Ex 32:16 + often: Is. 41:22 הָרִאשֹׁנוֹת מָה הֵנָּה, 49:21 אֵלֶּה אֵיפֹה הֵם these—where were they? Zp 2:12 after אַתֶּם, peculiarly (cf. Dr ^{198 Obs. 2}). c. Dt 20:15 אֲשֶׁר לֹא־מֵעָרֵי הַגּוֹיִם הָאֵלֶּה הֵנָּה, Ju 19:12 1 K 9:20. d. 2 K 7:10 כַּאֲשֶׁר הֵמָּה. (Pr 19:7 Kt לֹא־הֵמָּה is prob. corrupt: v. Comm.)

4. a. Pr 30:24 אַרְבָּעָה הֵם קְטַנֵּי־אָ֑רֶץ four things are they, the little ones of the earth, v 29 (cf. before a rel. clause v 15, 18; 6:16 Ct 6:8 Is 51:19 שְׁתַּיִם הֵנָּה קֹרְאֹתַיִךְ, 1 Ch 9:26 (v. הוא 4 a). b. (β) Gn 21:29 מָה הֵנָּה שֶׁבַע … lit. What are they—these seven sheep? Zc 1:9; 4:5. (γ) אֵלֶּה … הֵם †Gn 25:16 ( = 1 Ch 1:36) Lv 23:2 Nu 3:20, 21, 27, 33 1 S 4:8 1 Ch 8:6; 12:15 (v. Dr ^{201, 3}).

6. a. In a neuter sense (rare), Jb 6:7 הֵמָּה כִּדְוֵי לַחְמִי they (i.e. such sufferings as mine) are as loathsomeness in my meat, Je 7:4 הֵיכַל י׳ הֵמָּה they (i.e. these buildings) are the temple of י׳; and in the fem., Lv 5:22 of all that a man doeth to sin בָּהֵנָּה therein, 1 Ch 21:10 מֵהֵנָּה (|| 2 S 24:12 מֵהֶם); 2 S 12:8 Jb 23:14 כָּהֵנָּה things such as these.

7. With art. הָהֵם, Gn 6:4 Ex 2:11 Nu 14:38 + often; הָהֵמָּה 12 times (v. supr.); הָהֵנָּה †1 S 17:28.

N.B.—Ez 8:6 Kt מָהֵם stands for מָה הֵם (so Qr), cf. מַזֶּה for מַה־זֶּה Ex 4:2; 2 K 9:18 עַד־הֵם is irreg. for עֲדֵיהֶם; 2 S 4:6 וְהֵנָּה וג׳ is textual error for וְהִנָּה שֹׁעֶרֶת הַבַּיִת סֹקְלָה חִטִּים וג׳ v. We Dr (G & RVm).

8. With preps. (in lieu of the normal, and more usual, forms with suffixes בָּהֶם, לָהֶם, מֵהֶם etc. [כָּהֶם & כָּהֶן, however, each once only, כְּמוֹהֶם thrice: v. בְּ])—a. בָּהֵמָּה †Ex 30:4; 36:1 (both P), Hb 1:16; כָּהֵמָּה †Je 36:32; לָהֵמָּה †Je 14:16; מֵהֵמָּה †Je 10:2 Ec 12:12. b. כָּהֵם †2 S 24:3 Yahweh add to the people כָּהֵם וְכָהֵם מֵאָה פְעָמִים the like of themselves and the like of themselves 100 times, = 1 Ch 21:3 (but כָּהֵם here only once, cf. Dt 1:11 כָּכֶם), 2 Ch 9:11 Ec 9:12. c. בָּהֵנָּה †Lv 5:22 (P) Nu 13:19 (JE) Je 5:17: כָּהֵנָּה †Gn 41:19 2 S 12:8 וְאֹסִפָה לְךָ כָּהֵנָּה וְכָהֵנָּה, Jb 23:14: לָהֵנָּה †Ez 1:5, 23⁽⁾; 42:9 Zc 5:9: מֵהֵנָּה †Lv 4:2 (P) Is 34:16 Je 5:6 Ez 16:51; 42:5 ψ 34:21 1 Ch 21:10 (|| 2 S 24:12 מֵהֶם). d. בָּהֵן †Gn 19:29 (P) 30:26, 37 Ex 25:29; 37:16 (both P) Lv 10:1; 11:21; 14:40 Nu 10:3; 16:7 (all P) Dt 28:52 Jr 4:29; 48:9; 51:43⁽⁾ (בָּהֶן thrice only, v. p. 88); כָּהֵן †Ez 18:14 (edd.; Baer כָּהֶן); לָהֵן ( = therefore) †Ru 1:13⁽⁾ (also Biblical Aramaic); מֵהֵן †Ez 16:47, 52 (edd.; Baer מֵהֶן). (With the exception of כָּהֵנָּה, these forms are found mostly in P and writers not earlier than Je.; b and d, however, depend solely on the punctuation.)

†[הָמָה S TWOT GK] vb. murmur, growl, roar, be boisterous (T הֲמָא, but rare, and perhaps not genuine Aramaic; cf. Arabic هَمْهَمَ (hamhama) murmur);—Qal Pf. 3 mpl. הָמוּ ψ 46:7 + 2 times; וְהָמוּ consec. Je 5:22 + 2 times; Impf. יֶהֱמֶה Jr 6:23 + 3 times; 2 fs. תֶּהֱמִי ψ 42:12; 43:5; וַתֶּהֱמִי 42:6; אֶהֱמֶה 55:18; אֶהֱמָ֑יָה 77:4; יֶהֱמוּ 46:4 + 3 times; וַיֶּהֱמוּ Is 51:15 Je 31:35; יֶהֱמָיוּ֑ן ψ 39:7 + 2 times; 1 pl. נֶהֱמֶה Is 59:11; Inf. הֲמוֹת Is 17:12; Pt. הֹמֶה Pr 20:1 Je 4:19; f. הוֹמָה 1 K 1:41, הֹמִיָּה Pr 7:11; 9:13, הוֹמִיָּה Is 22:2; fpl. הֹמִיּוֹת Pr 1:21, הֹמוֹת Ez 7:16 (Co הַמָּוֶת cf. G S);— 9. growl like a dog כַּכָּ֑לֶב ψ 59:7, 15, subj. wicked men; groan (in distress, lamentation), like bears כַּדֹּבִים Is 59:11 (|| הגה כיונה); of doves (also in sim.) Ez 7:16 cf. Da (si vera l., vid. supr.). 2. murmur, fig. of soul (נֶפֶשׁ) in discouragement ψ 42:6, 12; 43:5; in prayer 55:18; 77:4 (both || אָשִׂיחָה); also subj. מֵעִים, of the thrill of deep-felt compassion or sympathy, sq. לְ of person pitied, Je 31:20 (|| רהם ארחמנו), sq. עַל, Ct 5:4; further כַּכִּנּוֹר, like the lyre (zither) Is 16:11; כַּחֲלִילִים, like flutes, subj. לֵב Je 48:36 (sq. לְ) v 36 (sq. אֶל); cf. Je 4:19 לִבִּי הֹמֶה־לִי. 3. roar, of waves, subj. גַּלִּים Je 5:22; 31:35 Is 51:15 cf. ψ 46:4; sim. of roar of multitudes Is 17:12 Je 6:23; 50:42; metaph. id., Je 51:55; be tumultuous, of peoples ψ 46:7 (|| מָטוֹ); 83:3 (|| נָֽשְׂאוֹ רֹאשׁ). 4. be in commotion, stir, of city 1 K 1:41 Is 22:2; so pt. fpl. as subst. רֹאשׁ הֹמִיּוֹת Pr 1:21 head of stirring, bustling streets (|| פתחי שׁערים); of man, אַךְ־הֶבֶל יֶהֱמָי֑וּן ψ 39:7 surely to no purpose they bustle about (|| אַךְ־בְּצֶלֶם יִתְהַלֶּךְ־אִישׁ). 5. be boisterous, turbulent, as with win Zc 9:15 (but read perhaps דָּמָם, cf. Fi^{Hexapl. ii. 3, 1024} Klo ^{LZ, 1879, 564} Sta ^{1881, 18}); also pt. as adj., of שֵׁכָר (by meton.) Pr 20:1; of shameless woman Pr 7:11; 9:13.

†הָמוֹן S TWOT GK n.m. 1 S 4, 14 (f. †Jb 31:34?) sound, murmur, roar, crowd, abundance;—abs. ה׳ 1 S 4:14 + 27 times ( + 2 K 25:11 = אָמוֹן in || Je 52:15, v. ii. אָמוֹן p. 54 supr.); cstr. הֲמוֹן Gn 17:4 + 30 times + Ez 39:11, 15 (גֵּיא הֲמוֹן גּוֹג) sf. הֲמוֹנוֹ Is 5:13 + 2 times + Ez 31:18 Qr + 3 times (Kt המונה); so also Co for n.pr. (?) הֲמוֹנָה (q.v.) 39:16; הַמוֹנָהּ Is 5:14 + 6 times + Ez 7:12, 13; 30:4 (all del. B Co; in 7:13 also Da), הֲמֹנָהּ Ez 29:19; הֲמוֹנָם Is 31:4 Ez 7:11; pl. הֲמֹנִים Jo 4:14⁽⁾; sf. הֲמוֹנֶיהָ Ez 32:30;—הֲמָנְכֶם Ez 5:7 v. sub המן infr.;— 1. sound, murmur, rush, roar, especially sound made by a crowd of people, murmur, roar ψ 65:8 ה׳ לְאֻמִּים (|| שְׁאוֹן יַמִּים etc.); cf. קוֹל ה׳ Is 13:4 sound of a roaring (|| קוֹל שְׁאוֹן), 33:3 Dn 10:6; הֲמוֹן עַמִּים Is 17:12 (|| שְׁאוֹן לְאֻמִּים) where again compared with הֲמוֹתיַמִּים; also 31:4 of throng of shepherds (|| קוֹל); of a city ה׳ קִרְיָה Jb 39:7 (|| תְּשֻׁאוֹת נֹגֵשׂ); cf. ה׳ עִיר = noisy city Is 32:14, הֲמוֹנָהּ Is 5:14; of sound of songs ה׳ שִׁירַיִךְ Ez 26:13 (|| קוֹל כִּנּוֹרַיִךְ), cf. Am 5:23 (|| זִמְרַת נְבָלֶיךָ); of crying קוֹל ה׳ 1 S 4:14 (|| קוֹל צְעָקָה); v. further הֲמוֹן מֵעִים fig. of sympathy Is 63:15 (|| רַחֲמִים), cf. הָמָה 2; of rain קוֹל ה׳ הַגֶּשֶׁם 1 K 18:41, cf. Je 10:13 = 51:16;—of rumbling of chariot-wheels ה׳ גַּלְגִּלָּיו Je 47:3 (|| קוֹל שַׁעֲטַת פַּרְסוֹת & רַעַשׁ לְרִכְבּוֹ). 2. tumult, confusion (as occasioning a roar) 1 S 14:19 2 S 18:29. 3. crowd, multitude (especially freq. in Ez Ch):—a. frequently of great army Ju 4:7 1 S 14:16 1 K 20:13, 28 Is 29:5⁽⁾ 2 Ch 13:8; 14:10; 20:2, 12, 15, 24; 32:7; cf. Ez 39:11; also 7:12, 13; 30:4 (cf. emend. supr.); on Je 3:23 cf. VB; v. further גֵּיא הֲמוֹן גּוֹג Ez 39:11, 15; Dn 11:10 (ה׳ חֲיָלִים רַבִּים) v 11⁽⁾, 12, 13 (†חַיִל גָּדוֹל); also pl. Jo 4:14⁽⁾. b. of a whole people 2 S 6:19 Is 5:13; 16:14 Ez 7:11, 14; 29:19; 30:10, 15; 31:2, 18; 32:12⁽⁾, 16, 18, 20, 24, 25, 26, 31, 32. c. of any great throng 2 K 7:13⁽⁾ (so MT 25:11, but || Je 52:15 הָאָמוֹן) ψ 42:5 Jb 31:34 (ה׳ רַבָּה) Ez 23:42; ה׳ גּוֹיִם Gn 17:4, 5 (P) cf. Is 29:7, 8; so, under fig. of overwhelming mass of waves Je 51:42. 4. great number, abundance (late) ה׳ נָשִׁים 2 Ch 11:23 for וַיִּשְׁאַל הֲמַוֹן נָשִׁים Perles ⁴⁷ proposes וִיִּשְׂאוּ לָהֶם נ׳ (cf. נשׂא 3 d); of cattle Je 49:32; of things: materials for temple-building 1 Ch 29:16; tithes & gifts 2 Ch 31:10. Hence 5. abundance, wealth, ψ 37:16 cf. Ec 5:9 (|| כֶּסֶף), Is 60:5 (ה׳ יָם; || חֵיל גּוֹיִם).

†[הֶמְיָה S TWOT GK] n.f. sound, music, of instruments הֶמְיַת נְבָלֶ֑יךָ Is 14:11.

†הֲמוֹנָהֿ S GK n.pr.loc. a city appar. to be founded to commemorate defeat of Gog, וְגַם שֶׁס־עִיר ה׳ Ez 39:16, but text dub. cf. Da; Co proposes וגמר המונו v. הֲמוֹן supr.

המל (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic هَمَلَ (hamala) shed tears (sc. the eye); rain steadily (sc. the sky)).

†הֲמֻלָּה S TWOT, הֲמוּלָּה n.f. rain - storm (?), rushing or roaring sound (?): קוֹל הֲמוּלָּה גְדֹלָה Je 11:16 sound of a great storm, of wind fanning flames in tree (in fig. of Yahweh’s judgment on Judah); > AV RV Da tumult; קוֹל הֲמֻלָּה כְּקוֹל מַחֲנֶה Ez 1:24 of noise of wings of living creatures in Ezekiel’s vision (del. B Co cf. Hi).

†הָמַם S TWOT GK^, vb. make a noise, move noisily, confuse, discomfit (cf. [הום])—Qal Pf. וְהָמַם consec. Is 28:28; sf. הֲמָמֶ֫נִי Je 51:34 Qr (Kt הֲמָמָ֫נוּ), הֲמָמָם 2 Ch 15:16; 1 s. וְהַמֹּתִ֫י Ex 23:27; Impf. וַיָּ֫הָם Ex 14:24 Ju 4:15; sf. וַיְּהֻמֵּם Jos 10:10 1 S 7:10 ψ 18:15 + 2 S 22:15 Kt (doubtless right; Qr וַיָּהֹ֑ם); 2 ms. sf. וּתְהֻמֵּם ψ 144:6; Inf. sf. לְהֻמָּם Dt 2:15 Est 9:24;— 1. move noisily, trans., drive a wagon in threshing ה׳ גִּלְגַּל עֶגְלָתוֹ וּפָרָשָׁיו Is 28:28 (|| דושׁ). 2. confuse, discomfit, c. acc. Ex 14:24; 23:27 Jos 10:10 Ju 4:15 1 S 7:10 ψ 18:15 = 2 S 22:15 (|| הפיץ), ψ 144:6 (|| id.); discomfit, vex, 2 Ch 15:6 c. acc. & בְּכָל־צָרָה of instr.; c. acc. also Dt 2:15 (sq. עַד תֻּמָּם), Est 9:24 (sq. לְאַבְּדָם); prob. also Je 51:34 (|| אָכַל), cf. הוּם Dt 7:23.

†הוֹמָ֑ם S GK n.pr.m. son of Seir the Horite 1 Ch 1:39 G Αἱμαν GL Ημαν; = הֵימָ֑ם Gn 36:22.

†[הָמַן S TWOT GK] vb. rage, be turbulent (?denom. from המון Thes, after Rabb.; cf. Ke RV; AV multiply; but very dub.)—only Qal Inf. sf. יַעַן הֲמָנְכֶם מִן־הַגּוֹיִם Ez 5:7 (Sm queries; Ew, after S Aq, הִמָּנֵכֶם from מנה); read rather, with Bö Co Da, המרותכם (from מרה) because ye rebelled.

הָמָן S GK n.pr.m. Haman, favourite of Ahasuerus (etym. dub.; according to Jen ^{1892, 58 ff.} = Elamit. n.pr.div. Ḫumban, or Ḫumman)—Est 3:1 + 53 times in Esther.

המס TWOT (√ of foll.; meaning dubious).

†[הֶ֫מֶס S TWOT GK] n.[m.] only pl. הֲמָסִים brushwood (cf. De Che Di RV; some such meaning prob. from context) כִּקְדֹהַ אֵשׁ הֲמָסִי181 Is 64:1 as fire kindleth brushwood (VB).

המר TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic هَمَرَ (hamara) pour, pour out).

†[מַהֲמֹרָה S TWOT GK] n.f. flood (cf. Arabic √), or watery pit (proposes place of flowing waters; cf. Symm βοθύνους, and NH, NHWB ^{iii. 40})—only pl. מַהֲמֹרוֹת ψ 140:11 (Gr Che מכמרות, nets, v. sub כמר; comp. רֶשֶׁת v 6).

I. [הֵן S^{, ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK] pron. 3 pl.fem., often in NH, in Bibl. Heb. only with prefixes, בָּהֵן, etc.: see under הֵמָּה 8 d.

II. הֵן S^{, ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK₁₀₀ (הֶן־ †Nu 23:9, 24 Jb 8:19, 20; 13:1; 26:14; 33:6, 12, 29; 36:5, 22, 26; הֵן־ Jb 13:15; 36:30 41:1 + ) demonstr. adv. or interj. lo! behold (on etym. v. הִנֵּה), less widely used than הִנֵּה, and in prose mostly confined to calling attention to some fact upon which action is to be taken, or a conclusion based; a. Gn 3:22 הֵן הָאָדָם הָיָה behold, the man is become as one of us, & now lest, etc., 4:14 behold, thou hast driven me forth etc., 11:6; 15:3; 19:34; 27:11; 29:7; 30:34 (nearly = yea), Ex 5:5; 6:12, 30 Lv 10:18, 19 Nu 17:27 Dt 5:21 (in prose only in Pent. (23 times) and Ez 18:4 in this usage); in poetry, used more freely, but chiefly in Is 2 & Jb,—Nu 23:9, 24 (Balaam) Is 23:13; 32:1; 33:7 ψ 51:7, 8; 68:34; 78:20; 139:4 Pr 11:31 (stating the premiss to a conclusion introduced by אַף כִּי, q.v.), 24:12: elsewhere (except in senses b, c) only in Is 2 (23 times) & Jb (31 times), as Is 40:15⁽⁾; 41:11, 24, 29; 50:1, 2, 9⁽⁾, 11 Jb 4:18; 15:15; 25:5 (in these three passages before אַף or אַף כִּי), 9:11, 12 etc. (v. supr.). †b. as a hypoth. part., propounding a possibility, if (so NH Biblical Aramaic, Mand. Palm. (ZMG ^{1888, 404}); on the contr. Syriac ܐܶܢ (˒en), Pal. T אִין, also Palm. (ib. p. 415), Arabic إِنْ (˒in), with א), a special application or development of the use a: Ex 4:1 והן לא יאמינו לי and behold ( = and suppose) they will not believe me?, Lv 10:8; 25:20 and if (וְכִּי) ye say, What shall we eat the 7th year? הֵן לֹא נִזְרַע behold, we shall not sow etc. (i.e. supposing we do not sow), Is 54:15 Jb 9:12; 13:15; 40:23 2 Ch 7:13⁽⁾ (v 13b וְאִם); stating ground on which a qu. is based, Ex 8:22 (וְלֹא = הֲלֹא), Je 3:1 Hg 2:12 (v. הֵן Aramaic b). †c. if, whether, in an indirect question, Je 2:10 רְאוּ הֵן הָֽיְתָה כָּזֹאת (but Gr הֲנִהְיְתָה); cf. אִם 2 b, and הֵן Aramaic c.

הִנֵּה S^, TWOT^, GK^, Once הִנֶּה־ Gn 19:2, demonstr. part. lo! behold!; (Arabic إِنَّ (˒inna) certainly, surely, lit. lo!), with sf. (the pron. being conceived as accus., Ew ^{262 c}; cf. إِنَّ (˒inna), which takes an accus., whether of a noun or pron. sf.) הִנְנִי Gn 6:13 + often (also הִנֶּ֣נִּי Gn 22:7), הִנֵּ֑נִי Gn 22:1, 11 +, (הִנֶּ֔נִּי Gn 27:18), †Is 65:1 הִנֵּ֣נִי הִנֵּ֔נִי (but הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי is also said Gn 24:13, 43; 25:32; 48:21 Ex 4:23; 7:17 +; and, more rarely, הִנֵּה אֲנִי Ez 37:5, 12, 19, 21 2 Ch 2:3, cf. 2 K 10:9 Je 32:27); הִנְּךָ Gn 20:3 + (†2 K 7:2 הִנְּכָה), הִנֶּ֑ךָּ †ψ139:8, fem. הִנָּךְ Gn 16:11 + 6 times; הִנּוֹ †Nu 23:17 Jb 2:6 1 Ch 11:25, הִנֵּ֫הוּ †Je 18:3 Kt (הִנֵּה הוּא is more usual, as Gn 20:16; 42:27; 1 S 10:22 Je 38:5 Ru 3:2): 1 pl. הִנְנוּ †Jos 9:25 2 S 5:1 Je 3:22 Ezr 9:15, הִנֶּ֫נּוּ †Gn 44:16; 50:18 Nu 14:40, הִנֵּ֑נוּ Jb 38:35; הִנְּכֶם †Dt 1:10 Je 16:12; הִנָּם Gn 40:6 + often (37 times)—lo! behold! a. pointing to persons or things, Gn 12:19 and now הִנֵּה אִשְׁתְּךָ behold thy wife! 18:9 הִנֵּה בָאֹהֶל behold (she is) in the tent (the suffix, when the noun to which הנה refers has immediately preceded, being not unfrequently omitted, 16:14: cf. Dr ^{135. 6, 2}), 30:3; 31:51⁽⁾ Ex 24:8 1 K 2:29. With sf. of 1 ps., especially in response to a call, indicating the readiness of the person addressed to listen or obey, Here I am! (lit. Behold me!) Gn 22:1, 7, 11; 27:1, 18; 31:11; 37:13; 46:2 Ex 3:4 1 S 3:4, 5, 6, 8, 16; 22:12 2 S 1:7 Is, 6:8, cf. 1 S 12:3 הִנְנִי עֲנוּ בִי here I am, answer against me, 14:43 (cf. Dr^{p. 292}), 2 S 15:26 (in resignation: cf. Gn 44:16; 50:18 Jos 9:25 Ezr 9:15): of God Is 52:6; 58:9; 65:1⁽⁾ (repeated for emphasis). In the pl. הננו Nu 14:40 Je 3:22 Jb 38:35.—Emph. הִנְנִי אָ֕נִי Ez 34:11, 20, cf. 6:3. On הִנְנִי אֶל …, v. אל 4, p. 40. b. introducing clauses involving predication: (a) with ref. to the past or present, it points generally to some truth either newly asserted, or newly recognised, Gn 1:29 behold! I have given to you all herbs etc. 17:20; 27:6 1 S 14:33 etc.; often one upon which some proposal or suggestion is to be founded, Ex 1:9 (cf. הן Gn 11:6) 1 S 20:2, 5; 2 K 5:20. When the proposal is to be of the nature of an entreaty or request, הִנֵּה־נָא is often used, instead of the simple הִנֵּה Gn 12:11; 16:2; 18:27 1 K 20:31; 22:13 al. (v. נָא). (b) with ref. to the future. Here it serves to introduce a solemn or important declaration Ex 32:34; 34:10 Is 7:14; and is used especially with the ptcp. (the fut. instans, Dr ^{135, 3}) in predictions or threats, Gn 20:3 הִנְּךָ מֵת (lit.) behold thee (accus.) about to die, thou art about to die, Ex 4:23; 7:17; 9:3 Dt 31:16 1 S 3:11 1 K 20:36; 22:25 Is 3:1; 10:33; 17:1; 19:1; 22:17; 24:1 + often; in the phrase הנה ימים באים †1 S 2:31 2 K 20:17 = Is 39:6 Am 4:2; 8:11; 9:13 + Je 15 times; very often with the suffix of 1 ps. sg., as הִנְנִי מֵבִיא Behold, I bring (lit. behold me bringing, or about to bring) … Gn 6:17 Ex 10:4 & often, especially in Je; Gn 9:9 Ex 8:17; 9:18; 34:11 2 K 22:20 Is 13:17; 29:14; 43:19 Je 8:17; 11:22 (הִנְנִי פֹקֵד; so 23:2 + ) 16:16; 20:4, etc.; anomalously, with change of person, Is 28:16 הִנְנִי יִסַּד (according to points) behold me, one who has founded, 29:14 הִנְנִי יוֹסִף behold me, one who will add (so 38:5); but it is dub. whether the ptcp. יֹסֵד, יוֹסֵף should not be read. c. וְהִנֵּה … very freq. in historical style, especially (but not exclusively) after verbs of seeing or discovering, making the narrative graphic and vivid, and enabling the reader to enter into the surprise or satisfaction of the speaker or actor concerned: Gn 1:31 and behold, it was very good, 6:12; 8:13; 15:12; 18:2; 37:29 Ex 2:6 Dt 9:13 etc.: in the description of a dream Gn 37:7, 9; 40:9, 16; 41:1, 2, 3 Is 29:8, or of a vision Am 7:1, 4; 8:1 etc. With a ptcp. (the context fixing the sense to the past), Gn 24:30; 37:15 (both without suffix); Ju 9:43; 11:34 1 K 19:5, 11 +. d. like II. הֵן (b), nearly = if (rare): Lv 13:5, 6, 8, 10 (& elsewhere in this and the next ch.) וְהִנֵּה and behold = and if, Dt 13:15 and 17:4 וְהִנֵּה אֱמֶת and behold it is true = and if it be true, 19:18 1 S 20:12; cf. 1 S 9:7 2 S 18:11 Ho 9:6; with ו׳ in apod. 2 K 10:9.

I. הֵ֫נָּה S^, TWOT^, GK^, ₄₉ adv. hither (perhaps from II. הֵן, used δεικτικῶς, with ה-loc., proposes lo hitherwards! or perhaps akin to هُنَا, هَنَّا, هِنَّا (hunā, hannā, hinnā) here)—a. of place: (α) hither Gn 15:16 יָשׁוּבוּ הֵנָּה, 42:15; 45:5 that you have sold me הֵנָּה hither, v 8, 13 Jos 2:2; 3:9; 18:6 2 S 1:10 Is 57:3 וְאַתֶּם קִרְבוּ הֵנָּה, Je 31:8; 50:5 +; 1 S 20:21 מִמְּךָ וָהֵנָּה from thee and hitherwards, i.e. on this side of thee (opp. מִמְּךָ וָהָֽלְאָה): repeated 2 K 4:35 אַחַת הֵנָּה וְאַחַת הֵנָּה once hither and once thither = once to and fro; הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה hither and thither i.e. in different (or opposite) directions, †Jos 8:20 2 K 2:8, 14 1 K 20:40 strangely וַיְהִי עַבְדְּךָ עֹשֵׁה הֵנָּה וָהֵנָּה lit. and thy servant was a doer of hitherwards and thitherwards, i.e. was engaged in different directions (Ew ^{360, c} treats ה׳ here as the pron. 3 pl. fem. construed irregularly, cf. עֹשֵׁה אֵלֶּה: but read prob. with G T S B Th Klo פֹּנֶה was turning or looking (Ex 2:12) for עֹשֵׁה); עַד־הֵנָּה even hither, Nu 14:19 1 S 7:12 2 S 20:16 קְרַב עַד־הֵנָּה, 2 K 8:7, to this point (in a book) Je 48:47; 51:64 (note of compiler or scribe). (β) here (cf. שָׁמָּה = there) Gn 21:23 swear to me הֵנָּה here, Dn 12:5 הֵנָּה לְ׳ … הֵנָּה לְ׳ on this side of … on that side of … †b. of time, in עַד הֵנָּה hitherto Gn 15:16 (with a neg., = not yet) 44:28 Ju 16:13 ψ 71:17 & until now do I keep declaring thy wonders, 1 Ch 9:18; 12:30 until now (the point reached in the narrative). In late Heb., contracted to עֲדֶ֫נָה hitherto, still †Ec 4:2, עֲדֶן †Ec 4:3 אֲשֶׁר עֲדֶן לֹא הָיָה = who has not yet been (cf. Mish. עֲדַיִן hitherto, still, עֲדַיִן לֹא = not yet).

II. הֵ֫נָּה S^, TWOT^, GK^, pron. 3 pl.fem. they: v. הֵ֫מָּה.

הֲנָחָה S TWOT GK v. sub נוח.

†הִנֹּם S GK n.pr.m. (deriv. & meaning dub.; according to Sim Bö Gf al. = wailing, Arabic هَنَّ (hanna), from cries of children (v. infr.), but this improbable)—only in גֵּי(גֵּיא)בֶן־ה׳, & abbrev. ג׳ ה׳, n.pr.loc. of valley S. of Jerusalem, (G φάραγγα Ὀνομ Jos 15:8⁽⁾ Σονναμ 18:16; Γαιεννα v 16; Γαιβενθομ 2 Ch 28:3, GL φάρ. Βενεννομ; γὲ βανὲ Ἑννομ 33:6, GL γῇ Βενεννομ; elsewhere usually φάρ. (υἱοῦ) Ἑννομ)—cf. sub גַּיְא;—as mere topographical term גֵּי בֶן־הִנֹּם, boundary between Judah & Benjamin Jos 15:8; 18:16; also גֵּי ה׳ 15:8; 18:16 (all P) cf. Ne 11:30; elsewhere always גּ׳ בֶן־ה׳ (2 K 23:10 Kt has גי בני הנם, Qr & G B sing.), & always with ref. to the sacrifice of children by fire, 2 K 23:10 2 Ch 28:3; 33:6 Je 7:31, 32; 19:2, 6; 32:35; on account of this inhuman & idolatrous practice it was abhorred by priest & prophet, & defiled by Josiah; this conception afterward developed, through Is 66:24, into Jewish Gehinnom (cf. Weber^{Synagog. Theol. 326 ff.} Di^{Buch Henoch. 131 f.}) & NT γέεννα. On locality cf. Rob ^{ii. 273 f.} Tobler^{Topogr. ii 39 ff.} Bd ¹⁰³; mod. name (of lower half of valley, toward SE.) Wady er-Rabâbi.

†הֵנַע S GK n.pr. loc. named betw. Sepharvaim and Iwwa; site unknown, yet cf. Dl ²⁷⁹; 2 K 18:34; 19:13 = Is 37:13.

הֲנָפָה S TWOT GK v. sub נוף.

†הַס S TWOT GK, הָ֑ס interj. hush! keep silence (prob. onomatop.) Ju 3:19 and he said, I have a secret errand unto thee, O king, וַיֹּאמֶר הָ֔ס and he said, Keep silence! Am 6:10 וְאָמַר הָ֔ס (while burying men in a pestilence), 8:3 (ellipt.) in every place הִשְׁלִיךְ הָֽס׃ they cast them (the corpses) forth, (saying) Hush! sq. מִפְּנֵי י׳ (מִפָּנָיו) Hb 2:20 Zp 1:7 Zc 2:17. Inflected, as though a verb, imv. pl. הַ֔סּוּ Ne 8:11 (Ges compares Arabic هَلُمَّ (halumma) [ = הֲלֹם] hither! inflected as an imv., e.g. هَلُمِّى, هَلُمُّوا (halummī, halummū): W ^{i. § 368}). Hence as denom. †Hiph. impf. apoc. וַיַּ֫הַס Nu 13:30 and Caleb stilled the people.

הֲפֻגָה S TWOT GK v. sub פוג.

†הָפַךְ S TWOT GK vb. turn, overturn (NH id., Aramaic הֲפַךְ, ܗܦܰܟ (hpak), Arabic أَفَكَ (˒afaka) W ⁴⁷, Assyrian abâku, apâku Dl)—Qal Pf. Lv 13:3 + 13 times; וְהָפַךְ consec. 2 K 21:13 Jb 34:25; 3 mpl. הָֽפְכוּ ψ 78:9; הֲפַכְתֶּם Am 6:12 Je 23:36, etc.; Impf. יַהֲפֹךְ La 3:3 Je 13:23; וַיַּהֲפֹךְ Gn 19:25 + 6 times; וַיַּהֲפָךְ־ 1 S 10:9; sf. וַיַּהַפְכֵהוּ Ju 7:13; 3 fs. וַתַּהֲפֹךְ 2 Ch 9:12; אֶהְפֹךְ Zp 3:9; וַיַּהַפְכוּ 1 S 25:12 Jb 12:15; Imv. הֲפֹךְ 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, Inf. abs. הָפוֹךְ Pr 12:7; cstr. הֲפֹךְ Gn 19:29 1 Ch 19:3; sf. הָפְכִּי Gn 19:21; הָפְכָהּ 2 S 10:3;—on הַפְכְּכֶם (so Baer, q.v.) Is 29:16, v. הֶפֶךְ; Pt. act. הֹפֵךְ Am 5:8; הַהֹפְכִי ψ 114:8; pl. הַהֹפְכִים Am 5:7; pass. הֲפוּכָה Ho 7:8 La 4:6.— 1. trans. a. turn, turn about, turn over, c. acc.: e.g. turn the back (עֹרֶף) Jos 7:8 (JE); a dish (צַלַּחַת) עַל־פָּנֶיהָ 2 K 21:13; the hand, & so the horses of a chariot 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33, 2 K 9:23; but also (sq. בְּ) of hostility La 3:3; turn a cake (pass.) Ho 7:8; of י׳, ה׳ שָׂפָה בְּרוּרָה Zp 3:9 i.e. restore speech of a pure kind, sq. אֶל־עַמִּים; לֵב אַחֵר 1 S 10:9 another heart, sq. לוֹ; turn a wind (רוּחַ; i.e. bring from different quarter) Ex 10:19 (J). b. overturn, overthrow, sq. acc. Sodom, etc., Gn 19:21, 25, 29 (J), Dt 29:22 Je 20:16 La 4:6 (cf. מַהְפֵּכַת וגו׳ Am 4:11 v. infr.; also הֲפֵכָה, [מַהְפֵּכָה]); city of Ammon 2 S 10:3 = 1 Ch 19:3 (obj. om.); mountains Jb 9:5; 28:9; throne Hg 2:22 (|| הִשְׁמִיד), chariots v 22; tent (אֹהֶל), ה׳ לְמַ֫עְלָה Ju 7:13; obj. earth (ה׳ = devastate) Jb 12:15; wicked men Am 4:11 (הָפַכְתִּי בָּכֶם כְּמַהְפֵּכַת אֱלֹהִים אֶת־סְדֹם וְאֶת־עֲמֹרָה) Pr 12:7 Jb 34:25 (obj. om.). c. turn = change, transform (1) sq. acc. = alter; a colour (עֵינוֹ) Lv 13:55 (P); skin Je 13:23; bed (מִשְׁכָּבוֹ v. מ׳; Che his lying down) ψ 41:4 i.e. restore to health; (2) pervert דִּבְרֵי אֱלֹהִים Je 23:36; (3) sq. acc. c. Inf. ψ 105:25 he turned their heart to hate his people; (4) turn to, into, sq. two acc. Lv 13:10 ψ 114:8 rock into pool of water; usually sq. acc. + לְ, ψ 66:6 sea into dry land, ψ 78:44 rivers into blood, cf. 105:29; Je 31:13 mourning into joy, so ψ 30:12; Am 5:7 justice into wormwood, cf. 6:12; 8:10 feasts into mourning; Dt 23:6 = Ne 13:2 curse into blessing; Am 5:8 death-shade into morning. 2. intrans. a. turn, turn back, Ju 20:39, 41 2 K 5:26 ψ 78:9 2 Ch 9:12; sq. לדרך 1 S 25:12; b. turn = change, change into, sq. pred. adj. ה׳ לָבָן turn white Lv 13:3, 4, 13, 20 (all P). Niph. Pf. נֶהְפַּךְ Ex 7:15 + 10 times; נֶהְפָּ֑ךְ Jb 20:14; וְנֶהְפַּךְ consec. Lv 13:16; נֶהֶפְכָה La 5:2; 3 mpl. נֶהְפְּכוּ Jb 19:19 + 3 times, נֶהֶפְכוּ 1 S 4:19 Dn 10:16, וְנֶהֶפְכוּ consec. Ex 7:17 Is 34:9, etc.; Impf. יֵהָפֵךְ Is 60:5 Jo 3:4; וַיֵּהָפֵךְ Ex 14:5 Is 63:10; 2 ms. תֵּהָפֵךְ Jb 30:21 Ez 4:8; וַיֵּהָֽפְכוּ Ex 7:20; Inf. abs. נַהֲפוֹךְ Est 9:1; Pt. נֶהְפָּךְ Pr 17:20; נֶהְפָּ֑כֶת Jon 3:4;— 1. reflex. & intrans. a. turn onself, turn, turn back (cf. Qal 2 a) Jos 8:20 (JE); turn aside ψ 78:57; turn from side to side Ez 4:8; pains turned upon (עַל) her 1 S 4:19 (i.e. came suddenly upon her) cf. Dn 10:16; turn against sq. בֵּ Jb 19:19; turn to(ward), sq. עַל, Is 60:5 (|| בא לְ). b. turn = change (oneself) sq. pred. adj. Lv 13:25 (P); sq. pred. noun (?), vine turns into degenerate plant Je 2:21; no pred. expressed Jb 20:14 (cf. v b); of heart turned in compassion Ho 11:8 (|| נִכְמְרוּ נִחוּמָ֑י), in sorrow, distress, La 1:20; of heart changed, so as to be favourably disposed toward (sq. אֶל) Ex 14:5 (J) = change of mind; sq. לְ, of plague spots changing colour Lv 13:16, 17 (P); rod changing to serpent Ex 7:15 (P); faces to paleness Je 30:6; dance to mourning La 5:15; comeliness to corruption Dn 10:8; וַיֵּהָפֵךְ לָהֶם לְאוֹיֵב Is 63:10 Jb 30:21. c. be perverse, only pt. used subst. נֶהְפָּךְ בִּלְשׁוֹנוֹ Pr 17:20 he that is perverse with his tongue. 2. pass., a. be tuned, turned over to sq. לְ, an inheritance to strangers La 5:2. b. be reversed Est 9:1. c. be turned, changed, sq. לְ, waters into blood Ex 7:17, 20 (E); Saul into another man 1 S 10:6; streams into pitch Is 34:9; sun to darkness Jo 3:4; stones to chaff Jb 41:20; month changed from sorrow to gladness Est 9:22; cf. ψ 32:4 where complem. om. d. be overturned, overthrown, of city Nineveh Jon 3:4. e. be upturned, of subterran. work of miners Jb 28:5 = there is an upturning. Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. תִּתְהַפֵּךְ Jb 38:14; Pt. מִתְהַפֵּךְ Ju 7:13 Jb 37:12; מִתְהַפֶּכֶת Gn 3:24;—reflex. & intrans.: 1. turn this way & that, every way, of the flaming sword Gn 3:24 (J); storm-cloud Jb 37:12; turn over & over Ju 7:13, of bread-cake tumbling into the host of Midian. 2. transform oneself, Jb 38:14 of earth under rising dawn. Hoph. Pf. הָהְפַּךְ עָלַי בַּלָּהוֹת Jb 30:15 there have been turned upon me terrors (cf. הִתְגַּלְגָּ֑לוּ v 14, of foes).

†הֶ֫פֶךְ n.m. the contrary, contrariness, perversity;—abs. ה׳ Ez 16:34; הֶ֑פֶךְ v 34; sf. הַפְכְּכֶם Is 29:16 (v. Baer);— 1. the contrary, opposite thing וַיְהִי־בָךְ הֶפֶךְ מִן־הַנָּשִׁים Ez 16:34 & there hath occurred in thee the contrary from other women; v 34 וַתְּהִי לְהֶ֑פֶךְ so thou hast become the contrary. 2. הַפְכְּכֶם Is 29:16 Oh, your perversity!

†הֲפֵכָה S TWOT GK n.f. overthrow (cf. especially Assyrian abiktu Dl), of the cities (of the plain) Gn 19:29; cf. [מַהְפֵּכָה] and הָפַךְ 1 b.

†הֲפַכְפַּךְ S TWOT GK adj. crooked, הֲפַכְפַּךְ דֶּרֶךְ אִישׁ וָזָר֑ Pr 21:8 crooked is the way of a guilty man.

†[מַהְפֵּכָה S TWOT GK] n.f. overthrow—always cstr. מַהְפֵּכַת; & always of overthrow of Sodom, Gomorrah etc., except Is 1:7 מָ׳ וָרִים, where read סְדֹם (Ew Che RS ³⁴⁵ Di al.; also Lag ^{i. 3}); yet even so prob. gloss, of Stud. ^{1877, 714}; מ׳ סְדֹם Dt 29:22 Je 49:18; and with force of verbal noun, governing acc., מ׳ אלהים את־סדם Is 13:19 Je 50:40 Am 4:11. Cf. also הָפַךְ 1 b, הֲפֵכָה.

†מַהְפֶּ֫כֶת S TWOT GK n.f. stocks or similar instrum. of punishment (compelling crooked posture, or distorting), mentioned rather late; as punishment for Jeremiah הַמּ׳ אֲשַׁר בְּשַׁעַר בִּנְיָמִן Je 20:2 (G εἰς τὸν καταράκτην κ.τ.λ.), cf. אֶל־הַמּ׳ 29:26 (G εἰς τὸ ἀπόκλεισμα; || אֶל־הַצִּינֹק, G εἰς τὸν καταράκτην, but order of words perhaps reversed in G); הַמַּהְפָּ֑כֶת 20:3; בֵּית הַמַּהְפֶּכֶת assigned also to Asa’s time 2 Ch 16:10 (G εἰς φυλακήν; GL εἰς οἶκον φυλακῆς; cf. Acts 16:24, where εἰς ρὴν ἐσωτέραν φυλακήν, + εἰς τὸ ζύλον).

†[תַּהְפֻּכָה] n.f. perversity, perverse thing (only Pr except Dt 32:20)—Pl. abs. תַּהְפֻּכוֹת Dt 32:20 + 8 times; cstr. id. Pr 2:14;—perverse things, particularly utterances Pr 2:12; 10:32; 23:33, cf. פִּי ת׳ 8:13, לְשׁוֹן ת׳ 10:31, and even אִישׁ ת׳ Pr 16:28 (|| נִרְגָּן slanderer); but also thoughts, devices Pr 6:14; 16:30; דּוֹר ת׳ Dt 32:20 = perverse generation (|| לֹא־אֵמֻן בָּם), ת׳ רָ֑ע Pr 2:14 (|| עֲשׂוֹת רָ֑ע).

הֻצַּב S TWOT Na 2:8 dub.; perhaps text error; v. נצב.

הַצָּלָה S TWOT GK v. sub נצל. הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי v. sub iii [צָלַל].

†הֹ֫צֶן S TWOT GK n.[m.] deriv. & meaning dub.; only Ez 23:24 וּבָאוּ עָלַיִךְ הֹצֶן רֶכֶב וְגַלְגַּל; text prob. in error: G מִצָּפוֹן so Co (cf. 26:7); S T with arms; Hi הָצֵן, Inf. Hiph. of √ צנן, with rattling; Ew חֹצֶן (so Codd.) with shoulder as place of carrying weapon; Bö Sm הֲמוֹן multitude; Dl^{Baer’s Ezech. xi.} gains like sense without emend. by comparing Assyrian êṣin (-ši) collect, gather, Flood Tabl.^{ii, 25, ff.}, but this very dubious.

הַר S^, TWOT^, GK v. sub הרר.

†הֹר S GK n.pr.mont. 1. mt. on border of Edom, always הֹר הָהָר, named as stage in Isr.’s journey to Canaan Nu 20:22; 21:4; 33:37 Dt 32:50; as place of Aaron’s death Nu 20:23, 25, 27; 33:38, 39, 41 Dt 32:50 (all P); = mod. Jebel Nebi Hârûn c. 50 miles S. of Dead Sea, just S. (SW.) of Petra, according to Rob ^{ii, 125, 152, 519 ff.} Bd ¹⁵³; disputed by Ew Kn Di, & especially Trumbull^{Kadesh Barnea 128 ff.}, who thinks of J. Madurah, NW. of Edom. 2. a NE. spur of Lebanon Nu 34:7, 8 (P); mod. Jebel ˓Akkar cf. Porter^{Damascus, ed. 2, p. 333} Nbr^{Géogr. du Talm. p. 9} FurrerZPV ^{viii. 27}; yet v. Di.

†הָרָא S GK n.pr.loc. 1 Ch 5:26 but read עָרֵי מָבַי cf. Schr^{KGF 430}, v. || 2 K 17:6; 18:11.

הַרְאֵל S TWOT GK Ez 43:15 v. אֲרִאֵיל sub ii. ארה.

הַרְבִּית 2 S 14:11 v. sub i רָבָה.

†הָרַג S TWOT GK vb. kill, slay (NH id., ואהרג MI (1 s. Impf. consec.); Arabic هَرَجَ (haraja) fall into war, conflict, disorder, slaughter; Sab. הרג fight Os^{4, 1, 17}, kill SabDenkm^{24, 25})—Qal Pf. 3 ms. ה׳ Ju 9:24 + 4 times, הָרָ֑ג 2 S 14:7 + 2 times, וְהָרַג consec. Is 27:1; sf. וַהֲרָגָ֑נִי consec. 1 S 16:2 + 2 times; הֲרָגוֹ Gn 4:25; etc.; Impf. יַהֲרֹג ψ 10:8 + 4 times; יַהֲרָג־ Jb 5:2; וַיַּהֲרֹג Ex 13:15 + 14 times; sf. יַהַרְגֵנִי Gn 4:14; 1 s. אַהֱרוֹג Am 2:3, אַהֱרֹג Am 9:1; cohort. וְאַהַרְגָה Gn 27:41; sf. וָאֶהֶרְגֵהוּ 2 S 4:10 2 K 10:9; 3 mpl. יַהֲרֹ֑גוּ ψ 94:6 Ez 23:47; וַיַּהַרְגוּ Gn 34:25 + 4 times; sf. יַהַרְגֻנִי Gn 26:7, etc.; Imv. הֲרֹג Ju 8:20; sf. הָרְגֵנִי Nu 11:15; pl. הִרְגוּ Nu 25:5 + 2 times; הֲרֹ֑גוּ Nu 31:17; Inf. abs. הָרֹג Nu 11:15 + 2 times; הָרוֹג Est 9:16; cstr. הֲרֹג Ex 2:15 + 11 times; הֲרוֹג Ec 3:3 Est 7:4; sf. הָרְגֵנִי Ex 2:14; הָרְגֵנוּ Ex 5:21; הֲרָגְךָ 1 S 24:11; הָרְגֶ֑ךָ Gn 27:42 + 2 times; הָרְגוֹ Ex 21:14; Pt. act. הֹרֵג Gn 4:15 + 4 times; הוֹרֵג Ez 21:16; הֹרֱג֑ךָ Ez 28:9; הֹרְגִים Je 4:31 2 K 17:25; pass. הֲרוּגִים Is 10:4 + 2 times; הֲרֻגִים Is 14:19; cstr. הֲרֻגֵי Je 18:21; הֲרוּגָיו Is 27:7; הֲרוּגֶיהָ Is 26:21; הֲרֻגֶיהָ Pr 7:26;— 1. a. kill, slay, implying ruthless violence, especially private violence Gn 4:8, 14, 15, 23, 25; 12:12 (all J), 20:11 (E) 26:7; 27:41, 42; 34:25, 26; 37:20, 26 (all J), 49:6 (poem in J), Ex 2:14⁽⁾, 15 (E), 5:21 (J) 21:14; 23:7 (both JE), Nu 31:19 (P) Ju 9:5, 18, 24⁽⁾, 56; 16:2; 20:5 1 S 16:2; 22:21; 24:11, 12, 18 2 S 3:30; 4:10, 11, 12; 12:9; 14:7; 23:21 1 K 2:5, 32; 18:12, 13, 14; 19:1, 10, 14 2 K 9:31; 10:9 1 Ch 7:21; 11:23 2 Ch 21:4, 13; 22:8; 24:23, 25; 25:3 Ne 4:5; 6:10⁽⁾ Zc 11:5 ψ 10:8; 94:6 (|| רִצֵּתַ); cf. Ju 8:18, 19, 20, 21; 9:54 1 K 12:27 Is 14:20 2 Ch 22:1 Ne 9:26; so of massacre of Jews planned by Haman Est 3:13; 7:4 (both לְהַשְׁמִיד לַהֲרֹג וּלְאַבֵּד), and of slaughter of Jews’ enemies in defence and revenge Est 8:11 (same combin.) 9:6, 10, 12, 15, 16 cf. v 11 (pt. pass. the slain). b. hence of wholesale slaughter after battle Nu 31:7, 8⁽⁾ 17⁽⁾ (all P), Jos 8:24; 10:11 (both JE), 13:22 (P), Ju 7:25⁽⁾; 8:17; 9:45 2 S 10:18 1 K 9:16; 11:24 2 K 8:12 1 Ch 19:18 2 Ch 28:6, 7, 9; 36:17 Ez 26:8, 11, cf. Ju 9:26; pt. pass. the slain Is 10:4; 14:19 cf. Ez 23:10, 47; 37:9, Je 18:21 הֲרֻגֵי מָוֶת (|| מֻכֵּי־חֶרֶב); further Ho 9:13 Hb 1:17 Je 4:31 Ez 21:16; 28:9; also of slaughter in a revolt 2 K 11:8 = 2 Ch 23:17. 2. of God’s slaying in judgment (stern and inscrutable), Gn 20:4 (E), Ex 4:23; 13:15; 22:23 (all JE), Am 2:3; 4:10; 9:1, 4 La 2:4, 21; 3:43 ψ 59:12; 78:31, 34; 135:10; 136:18 cf. Nu 11:15⁽⁾ (JE), 22:23 (J), Is 14:30, 26;21 (pass. the slain, so 27:7), Je 15:3; fig. הֲרַגְתִּים בְּאִמְרֵי־פִ֑י Ho 6:5 (|| חָצַבְתִּי בַּנְּבִיאִים). 3. rarely of judicial killing by men (at God’s command), Ex 32:27 (JE), Lv 20:15, 16 (H), Nu 25:5 (JE), Dt 13:10⁽⁾ cf. Ez 9:6 תַּהַרְגוּ לְמַשְׁחִית. 4. of killing beasts, Nu 22:29 (J; Balaam’s ass), Lv 20:15 cf. supr., Is 22:13 (oxen; || שָׁחֹט), הַתַּנִּין אֲשֶׁר בַּיָּ֑ם Is 27:1; also of killing vines, by hail ψ 78:47. 5. of killing by beasts: lions 2 K 17:25, viper Jb 20:16. 6. quite general is עֵת לַהֲרוֹג וְעֵת לִרְפּוֹא Ec 3:3. 7. destroy, ruin לֶאֱוִיל יַהֲרָג־כּ֑עַשׂ וּפֹתֶה תָּמִית קִנְאָה Jb 5:2; מְשׁוּבַת פְּתָיִם תַּהַרְגֵם וְשַׁלְוַת כְּסִילִים תְּאַבְּדֵם Pr 1:32; also of those ruined by shameless woman Pr 7:26.—Regular construction is c. acc.; obj. sometimes om., as La 2:21; used abs. Ho 9:13 Je 4:31; 15:3 La 3:43 Ez 21:16 Ec 3:3; sq. בְּ slay among, i.e. some of, 2 K 17:25 2 Ch 28:6, 9 ψ 78:31; sq. מִן (part of), + acc., 1 Ch 19:18; sq. dir. obj. c. לְ †2 S 3:30 Jb 5:2 ψ 135:11 = 136:19, 20 (but in last 3 first obj. is acc.). Niph. Impf. 1. pass. of Qal 1 a, יֵהָרֵג La 2:20 shall priest and prophet be slain in the sanctuary? 2. pass. of Qal 1 b, 3 fpl. תֵּהָרַגְנָה Ez 26:6; also Ez 26:15 בֶּחָהרֵגּ הֶרֶג ( = בְּהֵהָרֵג), but G Co בַּהֲרֹג חֶרֶב. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. הֹרָ֑ג Is 27:7 be slain (pass. of Qal 1 b); cf. 1 pl. הֹרַגְנוּ ψ 44:23 (|| נֶחְשַׁבְנוּ כְּעֹאן טִבְחָה).

†הֶ֫רֶג S TWOT GK n.m. Is 30:25 slaughter—ה׳ abs. Pr 24:11 + 2 times + Ez 26:15 (G Co חֶרֶב); cstr. Is 27:7—of Jews’ slaughter of their enemies Est 9:5 (|| אַבְדָֿ֑ן); מָטִים לַהֶרֶג Pr 24:11 (|| לְקֻחִים לַמָּ֑וֶת); כְּהֶרֶג הֲרוּגָיו הֹרָ֑ג Is 27:7; ביום הֶרֶג רַב Is 30:25 (cf. ביום חֲבשׁ י׳ אֶת־שֶׁבֶר עַמּוֹ v 26). Ez 26:15 read with G Co supr.

†הֲרֵגָה S TWOT GK n.f. slaughter; only abs. in foll. combinations, גֵּיא ה׳; Je 7:32; 19:6 new name for גֵּיא בֶן־הִנֹּם; יוֹם ה׳ Je 12:3 of the wicked, i.e. day of judgment; צֹאן ה׳ Zc 11:4, 7 i.e. Judah and Israel, slaughtered by their shepherds.

†i. הָרָה S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} vb. conceive, become pregnant (Assyrian erû cf. Dl ²¹ Muss-Arnolt Hbr ^{Oct. 1890, 67} Jäger ^{i. 473});—Qal Pf. 3 ms. וְהָרָה consec. ψ 7:15; 3 fs. הָרָ֑תָה Gn 16:4, 5; 2 fs. וְהָרִית consec. Ju 13:3; i s. הָרִיתִי Nu 11:12; 1 pl. הָרִינוּ Is 26:18; Impf. וַתַּ֫הַר Gn 4:1 + 26 times (וַתַּ֑הַר Gn 16:4); 3 fpl. וַתַּהֲרֶיןָ Gn 19:36; 2 mpl. תַּהֲרוּ Is 33:11; Inf. abs. הָרֹה Jb 15:35, הָרוֹ Is 59:4 cf. also v 13 sub Po. infr.; Pt. f. sf. הוֹרָתִי Ct 3:4; הוֹרָתָם Ho 2:7;— 1. lit. conceive, become pregnant Gn 16:4⁽⁾, 5; 19:36; 25:21; 38:18 (all J), 2 S 11:5 (agency of man expressed by מִן Gn 19:36, לְ 38:18); usually in phr. וַתַּהַר וַתֵּלֶד Gn 4:1, 17; 21:2; 29:32, 33, 34, 35; 30:5, 7 (all J), v 17, 19, 23 (all E), 38:3, 4 (both J), Ex 2:2 (E), 1 S 1:20; 2:21 2 K 4:17 1 Ch 7:23 Is 8:3 Ho 1:3, 6, 8, prob. also 1 Ch 4:17 ותהר אֶת־מִרְיָם [ותלד] cf. Be; further Ju 13:3, and cf. Moses’ question הֶאָנֹכִי הָרִיתִי אֵת כָּל־הָעָם הַזֶּה אִם־אָנֹכִי יְלִדְתִּיהוּ Nu 11:12 have I conceived all this people, or have I brought it forth? Pt. f. || אֵם Ho 2:7 Ct 3:4. 2. metaph. הָרִינוּ חַלְנוּ כְמוֹ יָלַדְנוּ רוּחַ Is 26:18 of anxious and disappointed waiting; תַּהֲרוּ חֲשַׁשׁ תֵּלְדוּ קַשׁ Is 33:11, of futile planning, cf. Che; elsewhere of evil, mischief וְהָרָה עָמָל וְיָלַד שָׁ֑קֶר ψ 7:15 (subj. wicked man), cf. Jb 15:35 Is 59:4, so also v 13, read הָרוֹ (Inf. abs.) cf. Di Pu. Pf. 3 ms. הֹרָה גָּּ֑בֶר Jb 3:3 a man hath been conceived (Bö ^{p. 103} Ba ⁷⁷ Regard as Qal pass.). Po. Inf. abs., conceive, contrive, devise הֹרוֹ וְהֹגוֹ מִּלֵּב דִּבְרֵי שָׁ֑קֶר Is 59:13, but read rather הָרוֹ וְהָגוֹ Qal Inf. abs. v. supr. (Ba expl. MT as Qal Inf. pass.).—On הוֹרַי Gn 49:26 v. הוֹר and הַר 1 c.

†ii. הָרָה S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} adj.f. pregnant—;abs. ה׳ Gn 16:11 + 10 times; cstr. הֲרַת Je 20:17; pl. cstr. הָרוֹת Am 1:13; sf. הָרוֹתֶיהָ 2 K 15:16; הָרֹתֵיהֶם 2 K 8:12;—pregnant, as attrib., אִשָּׁה ה׳ Ex 21:22; as pred. Gn 38:24 (לִזְנוּנִים), v 25 (לְאִישׁ), 1 S 4:19 2 S 11:5 Is 7:14 ( + וְיֹלֶדֶת); in phr. הִנָּךְ הָרָה וְיֹלַדְתְּ Gn 16:11 (on resemblance to Is 7:14 cf. PetersHbr ^{Apr. 1885, 243; Apr. 1886, 175}), Ju 13:5, 7; = subst. pregnant women, women with child Am 1:13 2 K 8:12; 15:16 Je 31:8, and, in sim., Is 26:17; once of womb וְרַחְמָהּ הֲרַת עוֹלָם Je 20:17.

הֵרוֹן S TWOT GK v. הֵרָיוֹן.

†[הָרִיָּה S TWOT GK] adj.f. pregnant, only pl. as subst. וְהָרִיּוֹתָיו Ho 14:1 (cf. Assyrian êriiâtê Jäger ^{i. 473}).

†הֵרָיוֹן S TWOT GK^, n.[m.] conception, pregnancy;—ה׳ abs. Ho 9:11 Ru 4:13; sf. הֵרֹנֵךְ Gn 3:16, either contr., so Ew ^{214 a}, or erron. for הריונך which stands in Sam. cf. Di;—conception, in combin. מִלֵּדָה וּמִבֶּטֶן וּמֵהֵרָי֑וֹן Ho 9:11; וַיִּתֵּן י׳ לָהּ ה׳ וַתֵּלֶד Ru 4:13; עִצְּבוֹנֵךְ וְהֵרֹנֵךְ Gn 3:16 (|| תֵּלְדִי).

†הֲרוֹרִי S GK adj.gent. 1 Ch 11:27 הַהֲרוֹרִי; but read prob. הַחֲרוֹדִי (cf. || 2 S 23:25) q.v.

†הֹרָם S GK n.pr.m. a Canaanitish king ruling in Gezer Jos 10:33.

†הָרֻם n.pr.m. a Judaite (DHM ⁵⁹ comp. Sab. n.pr. הרם, הרמה, Arabic n.pr. هِرْمٌ (hirmun), etc.) 1 Ch 4:8.

הָרָם S GK v. בֵּית הָרָם p. 111 supr.

†[הַרְמוֹן S GK] n.m. meaning dub.; text perhaphs corrupt; only Am 4:3 וְהִשְׁלַכְתֶּנָֿה הַהַרְמ֫וֹנָה and ye shall cast them (your אחרית, posterity, AE; Hi RV cast [yourselves], but read rather with Vrss as pass. וְהָשְׁל׳ shall be cast) into Harmon; if text be sound, some locality must be meant, though the nature of the allusion is lost (AV, into the palace, treats הרמון improb. as = ארמון). T S have mountain(s) of Armenia (הַר מוֹנָה), Symm Armenia, cf. Lag^{-Abh. 172} Hoffm ^{iii. 1882, 102}, of exile; Hi-St for ה׳ read הֲדַדְרִמּוֹנָה to Hadadrimmon, n.pr.loc. in plain of Jezreel, so Gunning; G εἰς τὸ ὄρος τὸ Ῥομμαν, whence Ew ingeniously ההר רמונה and ye shall cast Rimmonah (name of idol, supposed fem. of Rimmon 2 K 5:18) to the mountains.

הָרַמִּים v. אֲרַמִּי p. 74 supr.

†הָרָן S GK n.pr.m. (mountaineer; i.e. mountain-people (or land)? cf. Di Gn 11:27);— 1. son of Teraḥ, brother of Abram and father of Lot Gn 11:27⁽⁾, 31 (all P), v 28 (J); also father of Milcah (Nahor’s wife) & Iscah v 29 (J). 2. a Levite (Gershonite) 1 Ch 23:9.—On הָרָן in n.pr.loc. v. sub בית הרם, p. 111.

†הָרַס S TWOT GK vb. throw down, break or tear down (MI הרס;? Arabic هَرَسَ (harasa), bruise, bray pound, crush (grain))—Qal Pf. הָ׳ La 2:2, 17; הָרָ֑ס Is 14:17; וְהָרַסְתָּ֫ Ju 6:25 וְהָרַסְתִּ֫י Ez 13:14 Mi 5:10; וְהָֽרְסוּ Ez 16:39; 26:4, 12 הָרָ֑סוּ 1 K 19:10, 14; Impf. יַהֲרוֹס Jb 12:14; sf. יֶהֶרְסֶ֑ךָ Is 22:19; וַיֶּהֶרְסֶ֑הָ 1 Ch 20:1; יֶהֶרְסֶנָּה Pr 29:4 יֶהֶרְסֵם ψ 28:5; 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תֶּהֶרְסֶנּוּ Pr 14:1; 2 ms. תַּהֲרֹס Ex 15:7; אֶהֱרֹם Je 24:6; 42:10 אֶהֱרוֹס Mal 1:4; 3 mpl. יֶהֶרְסוּ Ex 19:21, 24; יַהֲרֹ֑סוּ 2 K 3:25; Imv. הֲרָס־ ψ 58:7; sf. הָרְסָהּ 2 S 11:25; Inf. הֲרֹס Je 31:28, הֲרוֹס Je 1:10 Pt. act. הֹרֵס Je 45:4; pass. הָרוּס 1 K 18:30;— 3. throw down, tear down, c. acc.: altar(s) Ju 6:25 1 K 18:30; 19:10, 14; height (גַּב, where idol-altar stood? cf. גַּב sub גבב) Ez 16:39; city (cities) Is 14:17 2 S 11:25 2 K 3:25 1 Ch 20:1 (cf. MI²⁷) Mal 1:4 (obj. not expr.); wall(s) Ez 13:14; 26:12; house Pr 14:1 (fig. of foolish woman’s action); strongholds (מִבְצָרִים) La 2:2 Mi 5:10; tower(s) Ez 26:4; fig. overthrow (i.e. ruin) land Pr 29:4 (opp. יַעֲמִיד); obj. men Ex 15:7 (poem in E) Is 22:19 (cast down Shebna from office); fig., opp. building up, of Yahweh’s dealings with men ψ 28:5, cf. (without obj.) Je 24:6; 42:10; obj. indef. אשׁר בָּנִיתִי אֲנִי הֹרֵס Je 45:4; abs. Je 1:10; 31:28 La 2:17 Jb 12:14. 4. break down, break away ה׳ שִׁנֵּימוֹ בְּפִימוֹ ψ 58:7 break away their teeth in their mouth! fig., addressed to God. 5. break through, intr., sq. אֶל־י׳ Ex 19:21; sq. לַעֲלֹת אֶל־י׳ v 24 (both J). Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נֶהֱרָ֑סָה Pr 24:31; 3 pl. נֶהֶרְסוּ Je 50:15 Jo 1:17; וְנֶהֶרְסוּ consec. Ez 30:4; 38:20; Impf. יֵהָרֵס Je 31:40; 3 fs. תֵּהָרֵס Pr 11:11; יֵהָרֵס֑וּן ψ 11:3; Pt. הַנֶּהֱרָסוֹת Ez 36:35, 36;—be thrown or torn down; stones of wall Pr 24:31; wall of city Je 50:15; cities Ez 36:35 cf. v 36; fig. ruined Pr 11:11 (opp. תָּרוּם); foundations, יְסוֹדֹת Ez 30:4; שָׁתוֹת ψ 11:3; mountains Ez 38:20; storehouses מַמְּגֻרוֹת Jo 1:17 [v. מ׳]; valley E. of Jerus. לֹא־יִנָּתֵשׁ וְלֹא־יֵהָרֵס Je 31:40 it shall not be plucked up nor thrown down, appar. proverb. expression, implying destruction, removal. Pi. Impf. 2 ms. sf. תְּהָֽרְסֵם Ex 23:24; Inf. abs. הָרֵס Ex 23:24; Pt. pl. sf. מְהָֽרְסַיִךְ Is 49:17;—over-throw, tear down הָרֵס תְּהָֽרְסֵם Ex 23:24 thou shalt utterly tear them down (JE; obj. = idols cf. Di); pt. destroyers, of Zion Is 49:17 (|| מַחֲרִיבַיִךְ).

†הֶ֫רֶס S TWOT^, GK n.[m.] overthrow, destruction, only Is 19:18 one shall be called עִיר הַהֶרֶס city of destruction, i.e. (as usually explained) with punning allusion to On-Heliopolis: it shall be called no longer עִיר הַחֶרֶס city of the sun, but עיר ההרס city of destruction, city whose temples, etc., of the sun have been destroyed; but perh. < G πόλις ασεδεκ = עִיר הַצֶּדֶק city of righteousness, so Gei ⁷⁹ Brd Di (change intentional? cf. id.); on other views v. id. & De Che.

†[הֲרִיסָה S TWOT GK] n.f. ruin (concr.);—וַהֲרִסֹתָיו אָקִים Am 9:11 and its ruins (i.e. of סֻכַּת דָּוִיד) will I raise up (|| פִּרְצֵיהֶן).

†[הֲרִיסוּת S TWOT GK] n.f. overthrow, destruction, ruin;—אֶרֶץ הֲרִסֻתֵךְ Is 49:19 the land of thine over-throw, i.e. thy ruined land (|| חָרְבֹתַיִךְ וְשֹׁמֲמֹתַיִךְ).

הרר S TWOT GK (√ of foll.; meaning dubious).

הַר S^, TWOT^, GK₅₅₈ n.m. Gn 7:19 mountain, hill, hill-country (NH id., pl. הָרִים, הֲרָרִים; Ph. הר †CIS ^{i. 3, 17}; Sab. sf. הרתהמו DHM ^{1876, 673});—ה׳ abs. Jos 17:18 +; c. art. הָהָר Ex 3:12 +; c. ה—ָ loc. הֶ֫רָה Gn 14:10, הָה֫רָה Gn 12:8 + 12 times; cstr. הַר Gn 10:30 +; sf. הַרֲרִי ψ 30:8, הֲרָרִי Je 17:3; הַרְכֶם ψ 11:1; הַרֲרָם Gn 14:6; pl. הָרִים Dt 11:11 +; c. art. הֶהָרִים Gn 7:19 +; cstr. הָרֵי Gn 8:4 + 27 times; הַרֲרֵי Dt 33:15 + 8 times (all poet.); sf. הָרַי Is 14:25; 49:11 Zc 14:5 + Ez 38:21 (B Co חרדה), הָרָ֑י Is 65:9; הָרָיו Ez 35:8 Mal 1:3; הֲרָרֶיהָ Dt 8:9;— 1. mountain, hill (these ofter not sharply distinguished, but): a. specif. mountain, high elevation, often in all the literature;—e.g. הַר סִינַי Mount Sinai (properly, the Mount of Sinai; so always) †Ex 19:11, 18, 20, 23; 24:16; 31:18; 34:2, 4, 29, 32 Lv 7:38; 25:1; 26:46; 27:34 Nu 3:1; 28:6 Ne 9:13 (v. סִינַי); also הָהָר = id., Ex 19:2 + 10 times Ex 19 (v 18 read הָעָם, so Codd. G Di) 20:18; 24:4 + 6 times Ex 24; 25:40; 26:30; 27:8; 32:1, 15, 19; 34:2, 3⁽⁾, 29; = הַר חוֹרֵב †Ex 33:6 (v. חֹרֵב), also אֶל־הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵ֑בָה Ex 3:1, עַד הַר הָאֱלֹהִים חֹרֵב 1 K 19:8; further הָהָר = id., Dt 4:11⁽⁾; 5:4, 5, 19, 20; 9:9 + 10 times Dt 9.10, 1 K 19:11; = הַר הָאֱלֹהִים Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13 (all JE) = הַר יהוה Nu 10:33 (cf. Di); v. further הֹר הָהָר Hor the mount (so always) Nu 20:22 + 10 times Nu; Dt 32:50; = הָהָר Nu 20:28⁽⁾; הַר נְבוֹ Dt 32:49; 34:1 = הָהָר 32:50; = הַר הָעֲבָרִים הַזֶּה Nu 27:12 Dt 32:49, cf. (לִפְנֵי נְבוֹ) הָרֵי הָעֲבָרִים Nu 33:47, 48; הַר גְּרִזִּים Mt. Gerizim †Dt 11:29; 27:12 Jos 8:33; רֹאשׁ הַר־גְּרִזִּים Ju 9:7; הַר עֵיבָ֑ל Mt. Ebal †Dt 11:29; 27:4, 13 Jos 8:30, 33; also הַר חֶרְמוֹן Mt. Hermon Dt 3:8 Jos 11:17; 12:1, 5; 13:5, 11 1 Ch 5:23; cf. Dt 4:48 הַר שִׂראֹן הוּא חֶרְמוֹן (v. חֶרְמוֹן), & הַר בַּעַל חֶרְמוֹן (v. id., & בעל חרמון sub בעל); הַר הַלְּבָנוֹן Mt. Lebanon Ju 3:3, cf. מְרוֹם הָרִים יַרְכְּתֵי לְבָנוֹן 2 K 19:23 = Is 37:24 (v. לבנון); הַר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל Mt. Carmel 1 K 18:19, 20 2 K 2:25; 4:25 (v. כרמל); הָהָר = id., 4:27, appar. also 1:9; הַר תָּבוֹר Mt. Tabor, Ju 4:6, 12, 14, cf. Je 46:18 תָּבוֹר בֶּהָרִים (opp. כַּרְמֶל בַּיָּם); הַר הַגִּלְבֹּעַ 1 S 31:1, 8 2 S 1:6, also (poet.) הָרֵי בַּגּ׳ v 21 (cf. Dr); הַר־חֶרֶס Ju 1:35 (Stu עָר חֶרֶס) cf. חֶרֶס; הַר הַזֵּיתִיס Zc 14:4⁽⁾ Mount of Olives, (opp. גֵּיא) cf. הָהָר אֲשֶׁר מִקֶּדֶם לָעִיר Ez 11:23; also בָּהָר אֲשֶׁר עַל־פְּנֵי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ 1 K 11:7 (place of Sol.’s idolary) = הַר־הַמַּשְׁחִית 2 K 23:13 mt. of the destroyer (same combin. in another, fig. sense Je 51:25), others der. הַמ׳ here from משׁח anoint, and render as = Mt. of Olives (cited as הר המשׁחה Talm, Shabb. 56 b), cf. Hoffm ^{1882, 175}; אַחַד הֶהָרִים in land of Moriah Gn 22:2; mts. about Jerus. in gen., יְרוּשָׁלַםִ הָרִים סָבִיב לָהּ ψ 125:2; cf. also ψ 121:1 (|| יהוה); הָהָר of citadel of Jerus. Is 22:5; of temple hill הַר הַבַּיִת Mi 3:12 = Je 26:18; הַר בֵּית־י׳ Is 2:2 = Mi 4:1, 2 Ch 33:15; also הֲרָרִי בַּשָּׂדֶה Je 17:3; further הַר צִיּוֹן Mt. Zion Is 4:5; 8:18; 10:12; 18:7; 24:23; 29:8; 31:4; 37:32 Mi 4:7 La 5:18 Ob 17 Jo 3:5 ψ 48:3, 12; 74:2; 78:68; 125:1 (v. also צִיּוֹן); comp. הַר בַּ֯ית־צִיּוֹן Is 10:32, הַר בַּת צ׳ 16:1; הַר־י׳ Is 2:3 = Mi 4:2, Is 30:29 ψ 24:3; (id. of Horeb Nu 10:33 JE); הַר־י׳ צְבָאוֹת הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ Zc 8:3, הַר־קָדְשִׁי Zp 3:11 Ob 16 Ez 20:40 Is 11:9 = 65:25, cf. 56:7; 57:13; 65:11 Jo 2:1 (|| צִיּוֹן) 4:17 (|| id.) ψ 2:6 (|| id.) 3:5; 15:1; 43:3; 48:2; v. further הַר־קָדְשִׁי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Is 66:20 cf. Dn 9:16 & הַר הַקֹּדֶשׁ יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Is 27:13; also הַר צְבִי־קֹדֶשׁ Dn 11:45; הַר־הַקֹּדֶשׁ Je 31:23; even הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהַי Dn 9:20; other designations of temple-hill are הָהָר חָמַד א׳ לְשִׁבְתּוֹ ψ 68:17, & הַר מְרוֹם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 17:23; 20:40 (|| הַר־קָדְשִׁי); הַר קֹדֶשׁ אֱלֹהִים Ez 28:14 of the distant abode of God (or gods?) so הַר אֱלֹהִים v 16 (הַר־אֱלֹהִים ψ 68:16 is general, a God’s mountain, i.e. a majestic mt., likewise in simile מִשְׁפָּטֶיךָ כְּהַרֲרֵי־אֵל ψ 36:7);—הַר הָאֱלֹהִים elsewhere of Horeb (Sinai) Ex 4:27; 18:5; 24:13 1 K 19:8 (v. supr.). Note partic. †הַר־מוֹעֵד Is 14:13 mountain of meeting or of assembly, i.e. the dwelling-place of the gods, according to Babylonian conception, here represented as in the far north, v. especially Che De Di, Dl ^{117 ff.} COT ^{ad loc.} Jr ^{57 ff.} Jen ^{Kosmologie 23}. Upon the mt. is עָל־הָהָר cf. וַתֵּבְךְּ עַל־בְּתוּלֶיהָ עַל־הֶהָרִים Ju 11:38, & the peculiar phr. וְאֵלְכָה וְיָרַדְתִּי עַל־הֶהָרִים v 37; go up upon עָלָה אֶל־ Ex 19:23; 24:13; 34:4 (all JE); cf. acc. in הַעַל אֹתָם הֹר הָהָר Nu 20:25; speak with one upon is דבר בהר Ex 31:18; 34:32 Nu 3:1 (all P), Lv 25:1 (H), cf. command, give commands, law, etc., בהר Lv 7:38; 26:46; 27:34 (all P or H); other phrases with בְּ upon (lit. in, i.e. in the midst of a group of mts.) Ex 34:3 בְּכָל (JE) 25:40; 26:30; 27:8 Nu 28:6 (all P), Is 13:4; but בְּחֹרֵב ψ 106:19 = at Horeb, בְּהֹר הָהָר Nu 33:37 at Mt. Hor; go down from the mt. is יָרַד מִן־הָהָר Ex 32:1, 15 (both JE) 34:29⁽⁾ (both P), cf. Ju 9:36 etc. b. mountain-range הַר־בָּשָׁן ψ 68:16⁽⁾ = הַר־אֱלֹהִים v 16; = הַר־גַּבְנֻנִּים v 16, הָרִים גַּבְנֻנִּים v 17 (of the Jebel Hauran: v. בשׁן). c. mountain, indef., Jb 14:18 (|| צוּר); usually pl. mountains, in general, or the mountains, especially in poet. & the higher style; often fig.; הָרִים, הֶהָרִים, covered by flood Gn 7:20 cf. v 19; 8:5, covered by waters & freed therefrom by word of God (at creation) ψ 104:6; a chief work of God (in creation) Am 4:13 ψ 65:7; 90:2 Pr 8:25 (|| גְּבָעוֹת); weighed by God Is 40:12; removed and overturned in anger of God Jb 9:5 cf. ψ 46:3, 4; devastated by God Is 42:15 (|| גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Je 9:9; smoking at God’s touch ψ 104:32; 144:5; melting at presence of י׳ Ju 5:5 Mi 1:4 ψ 97:5 Is 63:19; 64:2; trembling Is 5:25 cf. Je 4:24 (|| גְּבָעוֹת), Na 1:5 (|| id.), Hb 3:10; called to witness Yahweh’s dealings with his people Mi 6:2 (|| הָאֵתָנִים מֹסְדֵי אָ֑רֶץ) cf. v 1 (|| הַגְּבָעוֹת), entreated to cover the guilty Ho 10:8 (|| גְּבָעוֹת); addressed by י׳ also Ez 6:3 (|| גְּבָעוֹת, opp. אֲפִיקִים, גֵּאָוֹת); specif., mts. of Israel summoned to hear י׳ and addressed by him Ez 36:1⁽⁾, 4, 8; 37:22; 38:8; 39:2, 4; summoned to praise י׳ ψ 148:9 (|| גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Is 44:23; 49:13; 55:12 (|| גְּבָעוֹת); leaping in praise of י׳ ψ 114:4, 6 (both || גְּבָעוֹת); הַרֲרֵי־קֶדֶם Dt 33:15 (|| גִּבְעוֹת עוֹלָם); הַרֲרֵי־עַד Hb 3:6 (|| id.); הַרֲרֵי־עַד also ψ 76:5 (according to G Bi Che; MT has טֶרֶף for עַד), and prob. Gn 49:26 for MT הוֹרַי עַד (|| גִּבְעֹת עוֹלָם) cf. Di d. high mt. הַר גָּבֹהַּ Is 30:25 (|| גִּבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה) cf. 40:9; 52:7; הַר גָּבֹהַּ מְאֹד Ez 40:2; הַר גָּבֹהַּ וְתָלוּל Ez 17:22; pl. הֶהָרִים הַגְּבֹהִים Gn 7:19 ψ 104:18 (|| סְלָעִים), הֶה׳ הָרָמִים Is 2:14 as symbol of strength and pride (|| הַגְּבָעוֹת הַנִּשָּׂאוֹת), cf. הֶהָרִים Ez 38:20 (|| מַדְרֵגוֹת, חוֹמָה). e. opp. valley or plain Jos 12:8 (D; opp. מִדְּבָּר, אֲשֵׁדוֹת, עֲרָבָה, שְׁפֵלָה), cf. Dt 1:7, also Je 17:26 (opp. שְׁפֵלָה); Gn 19:17 (J; opp. כִּכָּר); often opp. גַּיְא 2 K 2:16 Ez 31:12 (fig.) 32:5 (id.) 35:8 (|| גִּבְעָה), 36:4 (|| id.), Is 40:4 (|| id.), opp. בִּקְעָה Dt 8:7; 11:11 ψ 104:8; opp. מִדְבָּר La 4:19 (cf. Jos 12:8 supr.); בֵּין הָרִים ψ 104:10 is || בַּנְּחָלִים; see also אֱלֹהֵי הָרִים י׳ וְלֹא־אֱלֹהֵי עֲמָקִים 1 K 20:28, cf. v 23 (opp. מִישׁוֹר); note also הַר הָעֵמֶק Jos 13:19 (P), & גֵּיא־הָרַי, גֵּי־הָרִים Zc 14:5⁽⁾; further מִדְבַּר הָרִים ψ 75:7 mountainous desert Vrss & most mod. (Baer מִדְבָּר but cf. De); mountain-ward is הֶ֫רָה Gn 14:10. f. mts. as hiding-places:—הַמִּנְהָרוֹת אֲשֶׁר בֶּהָרִים Ju 6:2 the burrows (Stanley, VB) which are in the mts.; cf. ψ 11:1 Je 16:16 (|| גִּבְעָה); הָפַךְ מִשֹּׁרֶשׁ הָרִים Jb 28:9 (of mining), v. also Dt 8:9. g. mts. as running-place of gazelles 1 Ch 12:8; of leopards הַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Ct 4:8; hunting-ground for partridges 1 S 26:20; עוֹף הָרִים ψ 50:11 cf. 11:1 (fig.); wandering-place of lost sheep (fig.) Na 3:18 1 K 22:17 Je 50:6 cf. v 6 (|| גִּבְעָה), Ez 34:6 (|| כָּל־גִּבְעָה רָמָה) 2 Ch 18:16. h. grazing-places for cattle בְּהֵמוֹת בְּהַרֲרֵי־אָ֑לֶף ψ 50:10 (read אֵל for אלף Ol Bi Che), cf. וְתוּר הָרִים Jb 39:8 of pasture of wild ass; also (si vera l.) בּוּל הָרִים Jb 40:20, i.e. mts. as furnishing food for hippopot.; v. further Ct 4:6; 8:14 Pr 27:25. i. as place of field and vineyards 2 Ch 26:10 (opp. שְׁפֵלָה, מִישׁוֹר) Is 7:25; v. also הַמַּצְמִיחַ הָרִים חָצִיר ψ 147:8 cf., Hg 1:11; fig. ψ 72:3 (|| גְּבָעוֹת); in promise יִטְּפוּ הֶהָרִים עָסִיס וְהַגְּבָעוֹתּ תֵּלַכְּנָה חָלָב Jo 4:18 cf. Am 9:13; j. as kindled into flame (i.e. their forests; in sim.) ψ 83:15. k. as scene of massacre, (fig.) Is 34:3 melting with blood; as place of battle array, height 1 S 17:3⁽⁾. l. as places of illicit worship Is 65:7 (|| גְּבָעוֹת) cf. Je 3:6 & appar. v 25 (|| id.) so הַר־גָּבֹהַּ וְנִשָּׂא Is 57:7, הֶהָרִים הָרָמִים Dt 12:2 (|| הַגְּבָעוֹת); but Ez 18:6, 15 read perhaps הַדָּם for הרים cf. RS ³¹⁰ & 33:25. m. in various combinations צַד הָהָר 1 S 23:26⁽⁾ 2 S 13:34 side of the mt., צֵלַע הָהָר 16:13 id.; מֹץ הָרִים Is 17:13 chaff of mts.; זֶרֶם הָרִים Jb 24:8 mountain-shower; צֵל הֶהָרִים Ju 9:36 shadow of the mts.; מִבֵּין שְׁנֵי הָרִים וְהֶהָרִים הָרֵי נְחשֶׁת Zc 6:1; top of mt. usually רֹאשׁ הָהָר Nu 14:40, 44 1 S 26:13 2 K 1:9; as place for beacon Is 30:17 (|| גִּבְעָה), (cf. הַר־נִשְׁפֶּה 13:2 & נְשֹׂא־נֵס הָרִים Is 18:3), רֹאשׁ הֶהָרִים Is 2:2 = Mi 4:1, רֹאשׁ הָרִים Is 42:11 (|| סֶלַע as dwelling-place) v. also ψ 72:16; רָאשֵׁי הֶהָרִים Gn 8:5; as lurking-places for ambuscade Ju 9:25, 36, places for altars Ez 6:13 (|| גִּבְעָה רָמָה), for sacrifice Ho 4:13 (|| הַגְּבָעוֹת); רֹאשׁ הָהָר Jos 15:8 = mt.-ridge, cf. v 9 Ju 16:3; תּוֹעֲפוֹת הָרִים ψ 95:4; foundations of mts. מוֹסְדֵי הָרִים Dt 32:22 ψ 18:8 (|| מוֹסְדוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם 2 S 22:8); cf. לְקִצְבֵי הָרִים יָרַדְתִּי Jon 2:7. n. in fig. uses: תָּדוּשׁ הָרִים וְתָדֹק וּגְבָעוֹת כַּמֹּץ תָּשִׂים Is 41:15 fig. of Isr.’s overcoming its foes; יִתְנַגְּפוּ רַגְלֵיכֶם עַל־הָרֵי נָ֑שֶׁף Je 13:16 of encountering hopeless calamities; הֶהָרִים Is 54:10 as less permanent & changeless than Yahweh’s kindness (|| גְּבָעוֹת); הַר הַמַּשְׁחִית Je 51:25 & הַר שְׂרֵפָה v 25 fig. of Babylon. 2. hill-country, mountain-region, a. opp. plain, etc.:—dwelling-place of Canaanites, הָהָר Nu 13:17, 29 (of promised land; opp. אֶרֶץ הַנֶּגֶב, הַיָּם & יַד־הַיַּרְדֵּן); בָּֽעֲרָבָה בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבַנֶּגֶב וּבְחוֹף הַיָּם Dt 1:7; בָּהָר וּבָֽעֲרָבָה נֶגֶב כִּנֲּרוֹת וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבְנָפוֹת דּוֹר מִיָּם Jos 11:2; בָּהָר וּבַשְּׁפֵלָה וּבָֽעֲרָבָה וּבָֽאֲשֵׁדוֹת וּבַמִּדְבָּר וּבַנֶּגֶב 12:8; cf. 9:1; 10:40 Ju 1:9; הָהָר indef. (the hill-country, the mountains, in gen.) 2 Ch 2:1 (place for hewing wood) so v 17; Ne 8:15 (place for cutting boughs), etc. b. of a particular mountain-region, hill-country: הַר הָאֱמֹרִי Dt 1:7 (cf. v 7) v 19 (cf. v 24), also Jos 10:6; of Amalekites Ju 12:15; of Ephraim Jos 17:15; 19:50; 20:7; 21:21; 24:30, 33 Ju 3:27; 4:5; 7:24; 9:48; 17:1 + 6 times Ju 17, 1 S 1:1; 9:4; 14:22 2 S 20:21 1 K 4:8; 12:25 2 K 5:22 1 Ch 6:52 2 Ch 13:4; 15:8; 19:4 Je 4:15; 31:6; Ephraim and Gilead 50:19 (cf. also (ה)הר Jos 17:16, 18 Ju 3:27); of Israel Jos 11:16, 21, cf. הָרֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 6:2; 19:9; 33:28; 34:13; 35:12; הָרֵי מְרוֹם יִשְׂרָאֵל Ez 17:23; 20:40 (|| הַר־קָדְשִׁי) 34:14; עָרֵי הָהָר i.e. in mountain-country Dt 2:37 (of Ammonites), Je 32:44; 33:13; hill-country of Judah Jos 11:21; 15:48; 18:12; 20:7; 21:11; 2 Ch 21:11 (הָרֵי יהודה) 27:4; abode of Jebusites Jos 11:3.

הַרֲרִי, הֲרָרִי S GK, הַרֲרָם, הַרֲרֵי, הֲרָרֶיהָ v. הר.

†הֲרָרִי S GK, הָרָרִי adj.gent. (= mountain-dweller (Thes)? or deriv. from some unknown n.pr.loc.);—used only in defining certain of David’s heroes: 1. a. שַׁמָּה הַהֲרָרִי 2 S 23:33a (cf. Dr) = 1 Ch 11:34b (where read prob. שַׁמָּה for שָׁגֵה, GL Σαμαια). b. שַׁמָּה בֶּן־אָגֵא הָרָרִי 2 S 23:11 (read perhaps הַהֲרָרִי cf. Dr; but G ὁ Ἁρουχαῖος, GL ὁ Αραχι, i.e. הָאַרְכִּי? cf. Klo). On שַׁמּוֹת הַהֲרוֹרִי 1 Ch 11:27 (G ὁ Ἁδι, GL ὁ Αρωρι) v. הֲרוֹרִי supr. p. 248. 2. אֲחִיאָם בֶּן־שָׁרָר הָארָרִי 2 S 23:33b (read prob. הַהֲרָרִי) = אֲחִיאָם בֶּן־שָׂכָר הַהֲרָרִי 1 Ch 11:35.

†הָשֵׁם S GK n.pr.m. father of one (or more?) of David’s heroes 1 Ch 11:34, but read prob. רָשֵׁן 2 S 23:32 and del. בני; cf. Dr and v. further sub יָשֵׁן.

הַשְׁמָעוּת S TWOT GK v. sub שׁמע (p. 1036 a).

הָשְׁפוֹת v. אַשְׁפֹּת sub שׁפת.

הִתּוּךְ S TWOT GK v. sub נתך.

הִתְחַבְּרוּת S TWOT GK v. sub חבר.

†הֲתָךְ S GK n.pr.m. a Persian official at court of Ahasuerus Est 4:5, 6, 9, 10.

†[הָתַל S TWOT GK] vb.—only Pi. deceive, mock, Impf. וַיְהַתֵּל בָּהֶם 1 K 18:27 (secondary formation from תלל Hiph., q.v.; cf. Thes Ol ^{257 f. ad} Sta ^{145 e}; otherwise Kö ³⁵²; v. further sub תלל).

†הֲתֻלִֿים S TWOT GK n.[m.]pl. mockery:—אִם־לֹא ה׳ עִמָּדִי Jb 17:2 truly mockery surroundeth me (De Di Da cf. VB).

†מַהֲתַלּוֹת n.f.pl. deception;—Is 30:10.’

התת ψ 62:4 v. הות.