[נָכָה S TWOT GK]₅₀₁ vb. smite (not Qal) (NH Hiph. id.; Pf. 3 pl. הכו SI ⁴, Inf. להך[ת] ib. 2; Syriac ܢܟܳܐ (nko), laesit, nocuit, repugnavit; Aph. laesit, vulneravit; Ethiopic ነከየ (nakaya) laesit, nocuit; cf. Arabic نَكَى (nakā) be defeated, نِكَايَةٌ (nikāyatun) the inflicting of injury on an eneymy Lane³⁰³⁸);— †Niph. Pf. וְנִכָּה וָמֵת consec. 2 S 11:15 and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die.

†Pu. Pf. 3 fs. נֻכָּ֑תָה Ex 9:31; 3 pl. נֻכּוּ v 32 (J), both be smitten down by the hail.

Hiph.₄₈₂ Pf. 3 ms. הִכָּה Ex 9:25 +; sf. וְהִכַּ֫נִי consec. Gn 32:12, הִכָּם Je 5:6; 2 ms. הִכִּ֫יתָ Ex 17:5 +; 1 s. הִכֵּיתִי Ju 15:16 +, וְהִכֵּיתִ֫י Ex 3:20 +; 3 pl. הִכּוּ Gn 19:11 +; 2 mpl. הִכִּיתֶם Je 37:10 + 3 times consec.; etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַכֶּה Ex 21:20 +, יַךְ Ho 6:1 (but read וַיַּךְ We Now GASm); וְיַךְ Ho 14:6 (v. infr.); וַיַּכֶּה Jos 10:40 +, usually וַיַּךְ Ex 2:12 +; sf. 2 ms. יַכֶּ֫כָּה Je 40:15 + 2 times, 3 ms. וַיַּכּוֹ 2 S 14:6 (but read וַיַּךְ G S B Th We Dr Klo Kit Bu HPS), יַכֶּ֫נּוּ 1 S 17:25 + 2 times; usually וַיַּכֵּ֫הוּ Nu 21:24 +; 3 fs. וַתַּךְ Jon 4:7.8; 2 ms. תַּכֶּה Ex 2:13 +; sf. 3 ms. תַּכֶּ֫נּוּ Pr 23:13, 14; 1 s. אַכֶּה 1 S 18:11 +; וָאַכֶּה Ne 13:25, וָאַךְ Ex 9:15; 3 mpl. יַכּוּ Mi 4:14; usually וַיַּכּוּ Gn 14:5 + (1 S 4:2 read prob. Hoph. q.v.); 1 pl. נַכֶּה־ Nu 22:6; וַנַּךְ Dt 2:33, etc.; Imv. הַכֵּה Ez 6:11; הַךְ Am 9:1 +; mpl. הַכּוּ 2 S 13:28, etc.; Inf. abs. הַכֵּה Dt 3:16 +; הַכּוֹת 2 K 3:24 (Ges ^{75 ff}); cstr. הַכּוֹת Gn 4:15 +, etc.; Pt. מַכֶּה Ex 2:11 +; cstr. מַכֵּת Ex 21:12 +; pl. מַכִּים 1 S 4:8 +, etc.;— 1. a. lit., smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike, sq. acc., ass Nu 22:23, 25, 27 (בְּמַקֵּל), v 28, 32 (all J); man Ex 21:15, 19 (E); cheeks Jb 16:10; man (on) cheek (2 acc.) La 3:30 ψ 3:8; man עַל־לְחִי Mi 4:14 (ב instr.), 1 K 22:24 = 2 Ch 18:23; eye Ex 21:26 (E); שֵׁבֶט מַכֵּךְ Is 14:26; with ב obj. Ex 17:6; with (ב) stone or fist Ex 21:18 (E), cf. (fig.) Is 58:4 (abs.); smite lion or bear 1 S 17:35; strike river (with rod מַטֶּה) 7:17 (c. עַל obj., + ב instr.), v 20 Ex 17:5 (E; ב instr.), also (with mantle) 2 K 2:8, 14⁽⁾, cf. י׳ smiting Euphrates into (ל) seven streams Is 11:15; dust Ex 8:12, 13 (P); rock 17:6 (E), Nu 20:11 (P; ב instr.), ψ 78:20; fig. smite earth בְּשֵׁבֶט פִּיו Is 11:4 (of future Davidic kg.); strike on ground (אַ֫רְצָה; with arrows) 2 K 13:18, also (abs.) v 18, 19; strike weapons out of (מִן) hands, Ez 39:3 (י׳; fig. of making powerless); lintel of door Am 9:1; barley-loaf strikes tent Ju 7:13 (in dream); in fig. of regret, remorse וַיַּךְ לֵב דָּוִד אֹתוֹ 2 S 24:10 and David’s heart smote him, so 1 S 24:6 (+ עַל־אֲשֶׁר because); of goat smiting (butting with horn) the ram, so as to break its horns Dn 8:7 (in vision); smite = hit with missile, sling-stone 1 S 17:49 (c. acc. pers. + אֶל־מִצְחוֹ), cf. 2 K 3:25 (but text perhaps corrupt, v. Benz); arrow, 1 K 22:34 = 2 Ch 18:33 (c. acc. pers. + בֵּין), 2 K 9:24 (c. id.); of piercing, הַכּוֹת בַּחֲנִית בְּדָוִד וּבַקִּיר 1 S 19:10 smite with the dart into D. and into the wall, pin D. to the wall, וַיַּךְ אֶת־הַח׳ בַּקִּיר v 10, cf. 18:11, אַכֶּנּוּ בַחֲנִית וּבָאָרֶץ 26:8. b. smite repeatedly, beat, a man Ex 2:11, 13 (E), 5:16 (J), Ne 13:25 (מִן partit.), cf. Dt 25:11; here prob. also 1 K 20:35⁽⁾, 37⁽⁾ (הַכֵּה וּפָצֹעַ beating and bruising him); of Assyrian under fig. of task-master Is 10:24; beat a woman so as to bruise her (פָּצַע) Ct 5:7; beat by authority, scourge Je 20:2; 37:15 Dt 25:2, 3 (c. acc. pers. + acc. cogn. מַכָּה רַבָּה), v 3 cf. בִּן הַכּוֹת v 2 i.e. worthy of scourging, bastinado, (cf. Dr); 2 Ch 25:16; Pr 17:10; 19:25; 23:13, 14 (ב instr.); cf. גֵּוִי נָתַתִּי לְמַכִּים Is 50:6; of hail, beat down herbage etc. Ex 9:25⁽⁾ (cf. Pu.). c. וַיַּכּוּ כַף 2 K 11:12 and they clapped hands (in applause); elsewhere only Ezek., in mockery; כַּף אֶל־כַּף Ez 21:19, 22; בְּכַפְּךָ 6:11 (|| רְקַע בְּרַגְלְךָ); acc. כַּפִּי 22:13. d. give a thrust (with fork) into (ב) pot 1 S 2:14; strike roots Ho 14:6 (in fig., but וַיֵּלְכוּ We Now). e. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound 2 K 8:28, so (+ acc. cogn. מַכָּה) v 29; 9:15 = 2 Ch 22:6; fig. of י׳’s wounding Isr. Ho 6:1 (opp. חָבַשׁ, bind up), Je 30:14 (c. acc. cogn.). Cf. smite with (ב) the tongue Je 18:18. f. smite, of sun, etc., c. acc. pers. Is 49:10 ψ 121:6; c. עַל Jon 4:8.

2. Smite fatally: a. (subj. man) smite, c. acc., + word of killing (dying):—obj. lion and bear 1 S 17:35; man Ex 21:12, 20 (E), Jos 10:26 (JE), 11:17 (D), 1 S 17:50 2 S 1:15; 2:31 (מִן partit. + ב among), 4:7; 14:6; 18:15; 21:17 1 K 16:10 2 K 12:22; 15:30; 25:21 = Je 52:27, 2 K 25:25 Je 41:2 Nu 35:16, 17, 18, 21 (P; all c. ב instr.); c. acc. + אֶל־חֹמֶשׁ + ב instr. 2 S 2:23 smote him (fatally) in the belly with (v. HPS), 20:10, cf. 3:27 (+ 2 acc.) 4:6 (but del. G Ew Th We Dr Bu HPS); וְהִכָּהוּ נֶפֶשׁ Dt 19:11 and he smite him in his life (mortally), and he die, cf. (without word of dying) v 6 Gn 37:21 (J), Je 40:14, 15 [otherwise Lv 24:17.18 Nu 35:11, 15, 30 Dt 27:25 Jos 20:3, 9]; with prolepsis לְהַכּוֹת חֲלָלִים smite the slain Ju 20:31, 39; + אַ֫רְצָה smite to the ground i.e. kill 2 S 2:22; 18:11. b. smite, of worm gnawing or boring so as to kill plant Jon 4:7. c. very often = kill, slay, man or beast (c. 150 times): Gn 4:15; 8:21 (exterminate; both J), Ex 2:12 Nu 21:35 (E), Jos 7:5 (מִן partit.), v 5 (JE), Dt 19:6; 21:1; 27:24, 25 Jos 11:10 (ב instr.; all D), Lv 24:17, 18, 21⁽⁾ (H), Nu 35:11, 15, 21, 24, 30 Jos 9:18; 20:3, 9 (all P), Ju 15:16 1 S 17:9⁽⁾, 36 2 S 12:9 (ב instr.), 2 K 9:7 (exterminate), etc.; c. ב among 1 S 6:19; 23:5, מִן partit. Ju 14:19; 20:45; c. ב partit. slay at, work slaughter among 2 S 23:10 (ins. also in || 1 Ch 11:13 v Be^{ad loc.} Dr 2 S 23:10), but also ב of dir. obj. 1 S 18:7; 21:12 = 29:5; subj. lion 1 K 20:36⁽⁾ cf. Je 5:6 (fig. of judgment); י׳ subj. 1 S 6:19b (ב among, + acc. cogn.; 1 S 6:19a וַיַּךְ crpt. v G Th We Dr Kl Kit Bu HPS); slay firstborn Ex 12:12 (J), v 29 Nu 3:13; 8:17; 33:4 (all P), ψ 78:51; 105:36; 135:8; God slays for (עַל) sin 2 S 6:7 = 1 Ch 13:10 (עַל־אֲשֶׁר); slay לְפִי־חֶרֶב Dt 13:16; 20:13 Jos 11:11, 12, 14 (all D), Ju 18:27; 21:10 1 S 22:9 2 K 10:25 Je 21:7 Jb 1:15, 17; kill, slay, c. acc. cogn. (מַכָּה) 1 S 14:14 1 K 20:21 (ב among), 2 Ch 13:17 (בָּחֶם), 25:13 (מֵהֶם); c. acc. pers. + acc. cogn. Jos 10:20 (JE), Est 9:5, etc.; kill unwittingly, unintentionally הִכָּה בִבְלִי דַ֫עַת Dt 19:4 Jos 20:5 (both D).

3. Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company Gn 32:9, 12; 34:30 Jos 8:21 Ju 8:11; 9:43 2 K 8:21 2 Ch 21:9; attack and capture a city Ju 1:8 v 12 = Jos 15:16 (JE), Jos 7:3; 10:4 (JE), 1 S 30:1 1 K 15:20 = 2 Ch 16:4, 2 K 15:16⁽⁾ 1 Ch 20:1 2 Ch 14:13 Je 47:1; tents 1 Ch 4:41 2 Ch 14:14; = sack a city לְפִי־חֶרֶב (slaying inhab.), Jos 8:24; 19:47 (both JE), 10:28, 30, 32, 35, 37 cf. v 39 (all D), Ju 1:25; 20:37 2 S 15:14; especially defeat kg. or army (involving often overthrow, pursuit and slaughter),—c. 95 times,—Gn 14:5, 15, 17 Nu 14:45; 21:24 (JE), Jos 8:12; 10:10 (+ acc. cogn.), v 10 (עַד loc.), 11:8⁽⁾ (all JE), Dt 1:4; 2:33; 3:3; 4:46; 7:2; 29:6 Jos 10:33, 40 (ועד—מִן loc.), 12:1, 6, 12; 13:12 (all D); Ju 1:5, 17 1 S 11:11 (עד temp.), 2 K 13:17 (עַד־כְּלֵּה), 2 K 3:24a + v 24b (where read וַיָּבֹאוּ בוֹא וְהַכּוֹת and they went on defeating), Is 10:20 Je 37:10, etc.; ins. וַיַּךְ or הִכָּה in 2 S 8:13 Th Ke Kit Bu cf. Dr, after G; c. ב obj. 1 S 14:31; 23:2⁽⁾ (ה loc.—מִן); + לְפִי חֶרֶב Ju 20:48, etc.; of gods causing defeat 2 Ch 28:23; smite land = conquer, subjugate, sometimes ravage, Gn 14:7 Jos 10:40 (D), 1 S 27:9 Je 43:11; 46:13, cf. Is 14:6 (acc. cogn.); subj. י׳ Nu 32:4 (P); of י׳ smiting sea וְהִכָּה בַיָּם גַּלִּים Zc 10:11 (Bev ^{xviii. 35 (1889), 88} proposes גבלים).

4. Of God, a. smite with (ב) a plague, disease, etc.:—blindness Gn 19:11 (J), 2 K 6:18⁽⁾ cf. Zc 12:4⁽⁾ (symbol.); of Egyptian plagues Ex 3:20; 9:15 (both J), 1 S 4:8, without ב Ex 7:25 (J), 12:13 (P), ψ 136:10 (acc. + בִּבְכוֹרֵיהֶם); other plagues Nu 14:12 (JE), Dt 28:22, 27, 28, 35 1 S 5:6 2 S 24:17 Jb 2:7 Am 4:9 Hg 2:17 Mal 3:24; 1 S 5:6, 9 2 K 19:35 = Is 37:36 (+ ב in); Nu 11:33 (JE; בָּעָם + acc. cogn.); smite vines with (ב) blight ψ 105:33. b. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon, usually c. acc., 1 K 14:15 1 Ch 21:7 Is 5:25; 9:12; 27:7 (הַכְּמַכַּת מַכֵּהוּ הִכָּהוּ), 30:31 (ב instr.) 57:17; 60:10 (opp. רִחַם) Je 2:30; 5:3; 14:9 Ez 32:15 (G Co זֵרָה scatter); c. עַל punish for, (sin) Lv 26:24 (H). c. of God’s destroying palaces Am 3:15; 6:11 (2 acc.), cf. Zc 9:4.

†Hoph. Pf. הֻכָּה Ho 9:16 Nu 25:14. הוּכָּה ψ 102:5; וְהֻכָּת consec. Ex 22:1; 3 fs. הֻכְּתָה Ez 33:21; 40:1; 1 s. הֻכֵּ֫יתִי Zc 13:6; 3 pl. הֻכּוּ 1 S 5:12; Impf. 3 mpl. וַיּכֻּוּ Ex 5:14; 2 mpl. תֻּכּוּ Is 1:5; Pt. מֻכֶּה Nu 25:14, cstr. מֻכֵּה Is 53:4; f. מֻכָּה Nu 25:15, 18; pl. מֻפִּים Ex 5:16, cstr. מֻכֵּי־ Je 18:21;—be smitten: 5. = receive a blow Is 1:5 (Judah under fig. of man). 6. be wounded Zc 13:6. 7. be beaten Ex 5:14, 16 (J). 8. be (fatally) smitten + vb. of dying Ex 22:1 (E); be killed, slain Nu 25:14⁽⁾, 15, 18 (c. עַל, for), מֻכֵּי־חֶרֶב Je 18:21 (|| הֲרֻגֵי מָ֑וֶת); so also (abs.) prob. 1 S 4:2 (read וַיֻּכּוּ G S B Th Dr Klo Kit, for MT וַיַּכּוּ). 9. be attacked and captured, of city Ez 33:21; 40:1. 10. be smitten with disease (by God) 1 S 5:12; abs., of י׳’s servant Is 53:4. 11. be blighted, of plant (in fig.) Ho 9:16 (Ephr.), ψ 102:5 (heart, כָּעֵשֶׂב; both + יָבַשׁ).

†[נָכֵה S TWOT GK] adj. smitten, stricken (cf. [נָכָא]);—only cstr.: נְכֵה רַגְלַיִם 2 S 4:4; 9:3 crippled of feet; נְכֵה־רוּחַ Is 66:2 contrite of spirit (+ עָנִי).

†[נֵכֶה S TWOT GK] adj. id.;—pl. נֵכִים ψ 35:15 smitten ones, i.e. cripples.

†i. נָכוֹן S^, TWOT^, GK^, n.[m.] = blow Jb 12:5 according to Schult Di Bu, but precarious; < Niph. from כון q.v.

†מַכָּה S TWOT GK n.f. blow, wound, slaughter;—abs. מ׳ 1 S 4:8 +; cstr. מַכַּת Is 10:26 +; sf. מַכָּתִי Je 10:19; 15:18 etc.; pl. מַכִּים 2 K 8:29 = 9:15 = 2 Ch 22:6; מַכּוֹת abs. Zc 13:6 +, cstr., etc. pl. מַכּוֹת abs. 2 K 8:29 +; cstr. Dt 29:21 +; sf. מַכֹּתְךָ Dt 28:59, מַכּוֹתַיִךְ Je 30:17, etc.;— 1. a. blow, stripe, lit. of scourging, chastising Dt 25:3 Pr 20:30 (|| חַבֻּרוֹת פֶּצַע); מַכַּת חֶרֶב Est 9:5 (as acc. cogn.). b. beating, scourging, fig. of defeat of Midian Is 10:26 (|| עוֹרֵר שׁוֹט). c. often wound 1 K 22:35 2 K 8:29; 9:15 = 2 Ch 22:6 (read מִן־הַמּ׳), Zc 13:6 (בֵּין יָדֶיךָ); symbol. of violence Je 6:7 (+ חֳלִי); פֶּצַע וְחַבּוּרָה וּמַכָּה טְרִיָּה Is 1:6 (of Judah, under fig. of maltreated man), cf. Mi 1:9 (מ׳אֲנוּשָׁה), Na 3:19 (|| שֶׁבֶר; of Nineveh), especially in Je (of Judah): Je 10:19; 14:17 30:12 (all + נַחֲלָה severe; || שֶׁבֶר), 15:18 (מ׳ אֲנוּשָׁת), 19:8; 49:17; 50:13, as acc. cogn. 30:14, c. vb. רָפָא heal v 17; also מַחַץ מ׳ Is 30:26 (|| שֶׁבֶר); of wounds made by י׳’s arrows ψ 64:8. 2. = slaughter 1 S 4:10; 14:30, usually as acc. cogn. c. הִכָּה Jos 10:20 1 S 6:19; 14:14; 19:8; 23:5 1 K 20:21 2 Ch 13:17. 3. = defeat, as acc. cogn. c. הִכָּה Jos 10:10 Ju 11:33; 15:8 2 Ch 28:5; = conquest (of י׳) Is 14:6. 4. plague, especially disease, as punishment (of י׳), 1 S 4:8 Dt 28:59⁽⁾ (|| חֳלִי), v 61 (|| id.), 29:21 (|| תַּחֲלֻאִים), Lv 26:21 (H), as acc. cogn. Nu 11:33.—מַכּוֹת 2 Ch 2:9 read מַכֹּלֶת (v. אבל) as || 1 K 5:25, so G B Be Öt and Th 1 K 5:25.

†נְכוֹ S GK, נְכֹה S^{, ,} GK n.pr.m. Necho (II), king of Egypt (Egyptian Nkw, i.e. (Steindorff ^{i. 346 f.}) Nekawō; Assyrian Nikû Id.^ib. Schr 2 K 23:29 is grandfather of Bibl. Necho);—contemp. of Josiah and Nebuchad. [b.c. 611–605]: נְכוֹ 2 Ch 35:20 (G Φαραω Νεχαω), נְכֹה 2 Ch 35:22; 36:4 (G Φαραω Νεχαω); פַּרְעֹת נְכוֹ Je 46:2, פַּרְעֹה נְכֹה 2 K 23:29, 33, 34, 35 (all G id.).

ii. נָכוֹן S^, TWOT^, GK^, n.pr.m. v. sub כון, and v. כִּידֹן.

נכח TWOT (√ of foll.: prob. be in front of; Lag ³⁰ cp. Arabic نَكَحَ (nakaḥa) marry (perhaps orig. in phys. sense); Syriac ܢܰܟܺܝܚ (nakiḥ) is gentle, ܢܟܺܝܚܽܘܬܳܐ (nkiḥuto) gentleness).

†נֹ֫כַה subst. front, always in prep. or adv. phrases, with sf. נִכְחוֹ Ex 14:2 Ez 46:9:— 1. as adv. acc. in front of, opposite to, Ex 14:2 נִכְחוֹ תַּחֲנוּ, 26:35 the candlestick נֹכַח הַשֻּׁלְחָן, 40:24, Jos 18:17 (in the || 15:7, נֹכַח לְ: v. לְ 5 c), 1 K 20:29 וַיַּחֲנוּ אֵלֶּה נֹכַח אֵלֶּה, 22:35 (= 2 Ch 18:34), Est 5:1⁽⁾; Ez 46:9 Qr כִּי נִכְחוֹ יֵצֵא shall go out in front of himself, i.e. straightforward; cf. נֶגְדּוֹ, נֶגֶד 1 a (b). Fig. Pr 5:21 כִּי נֹכַח עֵינֵי י׳ דַּרְכֵי אִישׁ in the sight of י׳’s eyes are, etc., Ju 18:6 נֹכַח י׳ דַּרְכְּכֶם before י׳ is your way, i.e. under his eye and favourable regard. In the phr. נֹכַח פְּנֵי, Je 17:16 מוֹצָא שְׂפָתַי נֹכַח פָּנֶיךָ הָיָה was before thy face, La 2:19, Ez 14:3 מִכְשׁוֹל עֲוֹנָם נָֽתְנוּ נֹכַח פְּנֵיהֶם (i.e. they contemplate it with pleasure), v 4, 7. 2. combined with preps.:—a. אֶל־נֹכַח, Nu 19:4 וְהִזָּה אל־נ׳ פני אהל מועד and sprinkle it toward the front of, etc. b. לְנֹכַח: (a) as adv. Pr 4:25 עיניך לנ׳ יביטו let thine eyes look to the front or right on (|| ועפעפיך יַיְשִׁרוּ נֶגְדֶּ֑ךָ); (b) as prep. Gn 30:38 לְנֹכַח הַצֹּאן in front of the flocks, 25:21 וַיֶּעְתַּר … לְנֹכַח אִשְׁתּוֹ in front of, i.e. on behalf of (cf. pro), his wife; (c) עַד־נֹכַח, Ju 19:10 וַיָּבֹא עַד־ני יְבוּס as far as in front of Jebus, 20:43 Ez 47:20 (עַד־נֹכַח לְ). Syn. נֶגֶד, q.v.

†[נָכֹחַ S^, TWOT GK] adj. and subst. straight, right, straightness, f. נְכֹחָה, pl. נְכֹחִים, וֹת:—Is 57:2 הֹלֵךְ נְכֹחוֹ he that walks in (cf. 33:15; 50:10) his straightness (Ges ‘der seinen geraden Weg geht’), fig. for straightforwardly (cf. Pr 4:25); נְכֹחָה what is straight in front, fig. straightforwardness, honesty, Am 3:10 לֹא יָֽדְעוּ עֲשׂוֹת נ׳, Is 59:14 ונ׳ לֹא תוּכַל לָבוֹא (|| אֱמֶת); 2 S 15:3 דבריך טובים וּנְכֹחִים thy pleadings are good and right (i.e. true), Pr 8:9 (of words of Wisdom) כֻּלָּם נְכֹחִים לַמֵּבִין i.e. they lead straight to the right goal (|| ישׁרים; comp. v 8b אֵין בָּהֶם נִפְתָּל וְעִקֵּשׁ), 24:26 מֵשִׁיב דְּבָרִים נְכֹחִים i.e. either correct (leading to the right point), or honest answers; Is 30:10 לֹא־תֶחֱזוּ לָנוּ נְכֹחוֹת true things (opp. חֲלָקוֹת, מַהֲתַלּוֹת illusions), 26:10 בְּאֶרֶץ נְכֹחוֹת יְעַוֵּל in a land of rectitude (Che) he will do wickedly.

†[נָכַל S TWOT GK] vb. be crafty, deceitful, knavish (Assyrian nakâlu, be crafty, cunning; T נְכֵל be crafty, Pa. deceive; Syriac ܢܟܶܠ (nkel) deceive, plot; cf. perhaps Amh. ወነጀለ (wanajala) act faithlessly, ወነጌለ (wanagela) faithless, Prä ⁹⁰);—

Qal Pt. נוֹכֵל Mal 1:14 knave.

Pi. Pf. 3 mpl. c. acc. cogn. נִכְּלוּ לָכֶם נִכְלֵיהֶם אֲשֶׁר Nu 25:18 their wiles with which they beguiled you.

Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְנַכְּלוּ אֹתוֹ לַהֲמִיתוֹ Gn 37:18 they knavishly planned against him (Kö^{. 9}), etc.; Inf. cstr. לְהִתְנַכֵּל בְּ ψ 105:25 to deal knavishly with.

†[נֵ֫כֶל S TWOT GK] n.[m.] wiliness, craft, knavery;—only pl. sf. נִכְלֵיהֶם Nu 25:18 their craft, their wiles (as acc. cogn. c. נִכֵּל).

†כִּילַי S TWOT GK, כֵּלַי n.m. knave (for נְכִילַי v. Kö^{. 1, 118});—abs. כִּילי Is 32:5 (opp. שׁוֹעַ, || נָבָל); כֵּלַי v 7 (assonance with כֵּלָיו, from כְּלִי q.v.).

†[נֶ֫כֶס S TWOT GK] n.m. Jos 22:8 only pl. נְכָסִים riches, treasures (prob. Assyrian or Aramaic loan-word, cf. Assyrian nikâsu, property, wealth, gain, Dl ⁴⁶³, Syriac ܢܶܟܣܶܐ (nekse) wealth;—Jos 22:8 (P), 2 Ch 1:11, 12 Ec 6:2 (all || עֹשֶׁר, כָּבוֹד), 5:18 (|| עֹשֶׁר)).

†I. [נָכַר S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. (not Qal regard, recognize (NH Hiph. know, be acquainted with; T Aph. id.; Syriac Aph. ܐܰܟܰܪ (˒akar) id.; cf. also Arabic نَكِرَ (nakira) in sense be shrewd, appar. rare, cf. نُكْرٌ (nukrun) cunning Lane ^{2850 a}. v. p. 1125);—Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. לֹא נִכְּרוּ La 4:8 they are not recognized. Pi. Pf. לֹא נִכַּר שׁוֹעַ לִפְנֵי־דָ֑ל Jb 34:19 he regardeth not the opulent above the poor (|| לֹא־נָשָׂא פְּנֵי שָׂרִים); Impf. לֹא תְנַכֵּ֑רוּ Jb 21:29 do ye not recognize their tokens. Hiph. Pf. הִכִּיר Dt 33:9 Dn 11:39 Kt; sf. הִכִּירוֹ Gn 27:23; 3 pl. הִכִּירוּ Ju 18:3 + 2 times, sf. הִכִּירֻהוּ Jb 2:12, הִכִּרֻהוּ Gn 42:8; Impf. יַכִּיר Dt 21:17 + 3 times + Dn 11:39 Qr; וַיַּכֵּר Gn 38:26 +; sf. וַיַּכִּרֵ֫הוּ 1 K 18:7, יַכִּירֶ֫נּוּ Jb 7:10, וַיַּכִּירָהּ Gn 37:33, etc.; Imv. הַֽכֶּר־ Gn 31:32 + 2 times; Inf. abs. הַכֵּֽר־ (Ginsb van d. H. הַֽכֶּר־) Pr 24:23; 28:21; cstr. sf. הַכִּירֵנִי Ru 2:10; Pt. מַכִּיר ψ 142:5, sf. מַכִּירֵךְ Ru 2:19, etc.;— 1. regard, observe, especially with a view to recognition, c. obj. cl., Gn 31:32; 37:32; 38:25; pay attention to, c. acc. pers. Ru 2:10, 19; acc. rei (of God) Jb 34:25; acc. rei om. 2 S 3:36; י׳ subj. כֵּן אַכִּיר … לְטוֹבָה Je 24:5 so will I regard the exiles … for good; Antiochus subj. Dn 11:39; הִכִּיר פָּנִים pay regard to (shew partiality, = נָשָׂא פְּנֵי פ׳) Dt 1:17 16:19 (|| הִטָּה מִשְׁפָּט), Pr 24:23; 28:21.

2. Recognize (as formerly known) c. acc. pers. vel rei, Gn 27:23; 37:33; 38:26 (all J), 42:7, 8⁽⁾ (E), 1 K 18:7; 20:41 Jb 2:12; proverb. בְּטֶרֶם יַכִּיר אִישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵהוּ Ru 3:14 before a man could recognize his fellow (i.e. before dawn); recognize voice (קוֹל), Ju 18:3 1 S 26:17; = perceive the true situation, וָאַכִּירָה וְהִנֵּה Ne 6:12 and I perceived, and lo! God had not sent him.

3. Be willing to recognize, acknowledge Dt 21:17; 33:9 Is 63:16 (|| יָדַע), ψ 142:5; acknowledge with honour Is 61:9.

4. Be acquainted with, לֹא יַכִּירֶנּוּ עוֹד מְקוֹמוֹ Jb 7:10 his place shall be acquainted with him no more (he shall be gone and forgotten), cf. ψ 103:16; c. acc. rei Jb 24:13, 17.

5. Distinguish, understand, הִכִּיר קוֹל … לְקוֹל Ezr 3:13 could not distinguish, etc.; cf. Jb 4:16 could not distinguish its appearance; הִכִּיר לְדַבֵּר Ne 13:24 understand how to speak, etc.

Hithp. Impf. יִתְנַכֶּר־נָ֑עַר Pr 20:11 by his deeds a youth maketh himself known, whether his doing be pure, etc.

†[הַכָּרָה S TWOT GK] n.f. look (or expression?);—cstr. הַכָּרַת פְּנֵיהֶם Is 3:9 a look at their face witnesses against them (B Che al.), or the expression of their face (Ges De Gu SS, cf. Kit-Di), > their regarding of persons S T Thes Hi Du Che (v. against this Kit-Di); Ew Di the impudence of their face (√ הכר), but this very dub.

†[מַכָּר S TWOT GK] n.m. acquaintance, friend (dub., cf. Benz^{ad loc.});—sf. מַכָּרוֹ 2 K 12:6; pl. sf. מַכָּרֵיכֶם v 8.

II. נכר (√ of foll., poss. = I. נכר, whence the foreign, strange, as that which is intently regarded, so Thes, but precarious; cf. Assyrian nakâru, rebel, Pa. change, nakiru, and nakaru, enemy, nukurtu, enmity, etc.; نَكِرَ (nakira) be ignorant of, Qor 11:73; ii. change, alter, so as not to be known, disguise Qor 27:41; iv = i, also deny, Qor 16:85 repudiate.ii. change, alter a thing; Sab. נכר ii. reject, injure, etc., נכרם injury SabDenkm⁷⁶ CIS^{iv. 81. 9; 29. 5}; Min. נכר alter Hom ¹²⁸; Syriac ܢܰܟܰܪ (nakar) reject is rare (twice), and PS proposes ܢܽܘܟܪܳܝܳܐ (nukroyo) alienavit each time.; T נוּכְרַי strange, foreign (proposes unknown, cf. Arabic √).).

†נֶ֫כֶר S TWOT GK, [נֹ֫כֶר] n.[m.] misfortune, calamity;—abs. נֶכֶר Jb 31:3 calamity (|| אֵיד); sf. נָכְרוֹ Ob 12 his calamity.

†נֵכָר S TWOT GK n.[m.] that which is foreign, foreignness (on format. cf. Lag ^{51, 154});—abs. נ׳ Ju 10:16 +, cstr. נֵכַר־ Dt 31:16;—foreignness (of another family, tribe, or nation), especially 1. אֱלֹהֵי (הַ)נֵּכָר = foreign gods Gn 35:2, 4 Jos 24:20, 23 (all E, = א׳ אֲחֵרִים of D, cf. אַחֵר), Ju 10:16 1 S 7:3 Je 5:19 2 Ch 33:15; א׳ נֵכַר־הָאָרֶץ Dt 31:16 = foreign gods of the land; sg. אֵל נֵכָר Dt 32:12 Mal 2:11 ψ 81:10; אֱלוֹהַּ נ׳ Dn 11:39. 2. בֶּן־(הַ)נֵּכָר = foreigner Gn 17:12 (|| לֹא מִזַּרְעֲךָ), v 27 Ex 12:43 (all P), Lv 22:25 (H), Ez 44:9⁽⁾ Ne 9:2 Is 56:3; בְּנֵי (ה)נ׳ 2 S 22:45, 46 = ψ 18:45, 46, Ez 44:7 Is 56:6; 60:10; 61:5; 62:8 ψ 144:7, 11. 3. other combin.: הַבְלֵי נ׳ Je 8:19 foreign vanities (idolatries); מִזְבְּחוֹת הַנּ׳ 2 Ch 14:2 foreign altars; אַדְמַת נ׳ ψ 137:4 foreign soil; מִכָּל־נ׳ Ne 13:30 from everything foreign.

†נָכְרִי S TWOT GK adj. foreign, alien (NH נָכְרִי = Gentile);—נ׳ abs. m. Zp 1:8 +; f. נָכְרִיָּה Ex 2:22 +; mpl. נָכְרִים Is 2:6 + 2 times + Pr 20:16 Kt (> Qr נָכְרִיָּה), + 27:13 (so read for MT נָכְרִיָּה); fpl. נָכְרִיּוֹת Gn 31:15 +;— 1. a. foreign: עַם נָכְרִי Ex 21:8 (E) a foreign (non-Isr.) people, אִישׁ נ׳ Dt 17:15 (|| לֹא אָחִיךָ); מַלְבּוּשׁ נ׳ Zp 1:8; אֶרֶץ נָכְרִיָּה Ex 2:22 (J) foreign land, so 18:3 (E); especially נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת foreign (non-Isr.) women 1 K 11:1, 8 Ezr 10:2, 10, 11, 14, 17, 18, 44 Ne 13:26, 27. b. as subst. נָכְרִי foreigner (non-Isr.) Ju 19:12 (+ אֲשֶׁר לֹא מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל), 1 K 8:41 (+ אֲשֶׁר לֹא מֵעַמְּךָ), = 2 Ch 6:32 (+ id.), 1 K 8:43 = 2 Ch 6:33, Dt 14:21 (|| גֵּר), 15:3; 23:21 (opp. אָחִיךָ), 29:21 (+ אֲשֶׁר יָבֹא מֵאֶרֶץ רְהוֹקָה); as predicate, 2 S 15:19 (|| גֹּלָה), נָכְרִיָּה Ru 2:10; pl. נָכְרִים foreigners La 5:2 (|| זָרִים), Ob 11 (|| id.); cf. יַלְדֵי נָכְרִים Is 2:6; fpl. alien women Gn 31:15 (E; i.e. not of one’s father’s family). 2. נָכְרִיָּה foreign woman, as term. techn., in Pr, for harlot (perhaps because harlots were orig. chiefly foreigners): Pr 2:16 (|| אִשָּׁה זָרָה), 7:5 (|| id.), 5:20 (|| זָרָה), 6:24 (|| אֵשֶׁת רָ֑ע), 23:27 (|| זוֹנָה).—On 20:16; 27:13 v. infr. 3. fig. unknown, unfamiliar: נָכְרִי הָיִיתִי בְּעֵינֵיהֶם Jb 19:15 an alien am I become in their eyes; נ׳ לִבְנֵי אִמִּי ψ 69:9 (|| מוּזָר הָיִיתִי לְאֶחָ֑י); אִישׁ נ׳ Ec 6:2; of י׳’s judgment, נָכְרִיָּה עֲבֹדָתוֹ Is 28:21 strange is his task! (|| זָר מַעֲשֵׂהוּ); גֶּפֶן נָכְרִיָּה Je 2:21 an alien vine (opp. זֶרַע אֱמֶת), fig. of degenerate Israel; as subst., נָכְרִים Pr 20:16 Kt (> Qr נָכְרִיָּה), aliens, persons unknown to him (|| זָר), so read also (for MT נָכְרִיָּה) || 27:13; cf. 5:10; 27:2.

†[נכר] vb.denom. act or treat as foreign, or strange; disguise, misconstrue;—Niph. Impf. יִנָּכֵר Pr 26:24 with his lips a hater disguiseth himself (dissembles, speaks what is foreign to his thought). Pi. Pf. נִכַּר 1 S 23:7, but v. infr.; Impf. וַיְנַכְּרוּ Je 19:4 and they have treated this place as foreign (profane); יְנַכְּרוּ צָרֵימוֹ Dt 32:27 lest their adversaries should misconstrue (it).—נִכַּר אֹתוֹ א׳ בְּיָדִי 1 S 23:7 God hath alienated him into my hand, but improbable; G מָכַר (cf. Ju 4:9) hath sold him, so Th Klo HPS (cf. We); < סִכַּר (as Is 19:4) Krochm Dr; Kit either of these; > סִגַּר Bu; Löhr either סִגַּר or סִכַּר. Hithp. Impf. וַיִּתְנַכֵּר אֲלֵיהֶם Gn 42:7 he acted as a stranger toward them; Pt. f. מִתְנַכֵּרָ֑ה 1 K 14:5, 6 feign to be a stranger-woman.

†[נְכֹת S TWOT GK] n.[f.] treasure (so context demands) (GL 2 K 20:13 τῆς ὑπάρξεως, cf. S T; der. uncertain; Dl^{. 141} cp. Assyrian bit nakamti (nakanti), house of treasure, √ nakâmu, heap up [Dl ⁴⁶²], whence ב׳ נ׳ perhaps borrowed; this favourd by Nö ^{xi (1886), 731} Hpt ^{ii. 266} (reading nakavâti = nakavâti, and Heb. ב׳ נִכְוֹתָיו or ב׳ נְכוֹתָו)).—Only sf. בֵּית נְכֹתֹה = his treasure-house 2 K 20:13 = Is 39:2.

נלה S TWOT GK doubtful √ (Arabic نيل, نَالَ (nyl, nāla) is obtain, attain, نَيْلٌ (naylun) what one obtains by another’s bounty, Lane³⁰⁴⁰);—for supposed Hiph. Inf. sf. כַּנְּלֹתְךָ Is 33:1 = כְּהַנְלֹתְךָ (Ki Ges^{Lgb. 87} Kö^{. 574}), read כְּכַלֹּתְךָ (Pi. Inf. of כלה; so Ra Capp Ges Ew Kn Che Brd Di Du), cf. || כַּהֲתִֽמְךָ.

†[מִנְלֶה S TWOT GK] n.[m.]? gain, acquisition?—Only sf. לֹא יִטֶּה לָאָרֶץ מִנְלָם Jb 15:29 (si vera l.) their acquisition, but very dub.; Di (formerly) שִׁבֳּלִים, Hi מְלִלִים ears, cf. Bu; other conj. v. in Di; Du thinks hopelessly corrupt.—G σκιάν [i.e. צִלָּם], S their word [מִלָּתָם].

נְמִבְזָה 1 S 15:9 v. בזה Niph.

†נְמוּאֵל S GK n.pr.m. (cf. Gray ³⁰⁷);— 1. son of Simeon Nu 26:12 1 Ch 4:24 (= יְמוּאֵל, q.v., Gn 46:10 Ex 6:15), G Ναμουηλ. 2. a Reubenite (brother of Dathan and Abiram) Nu 26:9, G id.

†נְמוּאֵלִי S GK adj.gent. of 1 supr., only c. art. הַנּ׳ as n.coll. Nu 26:12, G Ναμουηλει.

נמל TWOT (√ of following, meaning unknown).

†נְמָלָה S TWOT GK n.f.unit. (Lag ⁸¹) ant (NH id.; Arabic نَمْلَةٌ (namlatun) (nom. unit of نَمْلٌ (namlun)); Syriac ܢܡܳܠܴܐ (nmolo));—abs. נ׳ Pr 6:6; pl. הַנְּמָלִים 30:25.

נמר TWOT (√ of foll., meaning dub.; poss. cp. Assyrian namâru, shine, gleam (from glossy coat of panther and leopard), [v. Arabic نَمِرٌ (namirun) pardus, and limpidus, purus (of water; cf. infr. נמרים)] so Hom ^{294 f.}; ag. this Nö ^{xl (1886), 736} Schwally ¹²¹; נָמֵר is comm. Sem.: Assyrian nimru Dl ⁴⁶⁸; Arabic نَمِرٌ, نِمْرٌ (namirun, nimrun) Lane²⁸⁵³; Ethiopic ነምር (namr) Syriac ܢܶܡܪܳܐ (nemro), T נִמְרָא; NH נָמֵר).

†נָמֵר S TWOT GK n.m. Is 11:6 leopard;—abs. נ׳ Ho 13:7 + 3 times; pl. נְמֵרִים Hb 1:8 Ct 4:8;—leopard, as spotted Je 13:23, swift Hb 1:8, keen-eyed Je 5:6 (symb. of calamities of Isr.), so Ho 13:7 (sim. of י׳); נ׳ עִם־גְּדִי יִרְבָּ֑ץ Is 11:6 (predict.); חַרֲרֵי נְמֵרִים Ct 4:8 (|| מְעֹנוֹת אֲרָיוֹת).

†נִמְרָה S GK n.pr.loc. place E. of Jordan Nu 32:3 (+ עֲטָרוֹת, דִּיבֹן, חֶשְׁבּוֹן, etc.), G Ναμβρα, A Αμβραμ, GL Μαμβραν. Perhaps = Tel Nimrîn, c. 6 m. E. of Jordan, nearly opp. Jericho, cf. Buhl ²⁶⁴.—Cf. בֵּית נ׳ (q.v.), also in NH (cf. נמרה n.pr.m. Sinait. Inscr. SACook⁸¹ Lzb³²³; meaning dub.; Nö ^{xxix (1875), 437} thinks from spotted or striped appearance of ground; place of leopard also Gray ⁹² (on tribal names from leopard v. RS ²⁰¹ also Sab n.pr. אנמרם Levy-Os, etc.); We ^{2, 82} thinks of clear water [cf. foll.]).

נִמְרִים S GK n.pr.loc. in Moab (cf. Sab. נמרן attrib. of Barḳ, DHM ^{xxix (1875), 592}, v. also CIS^{iv. 103, p. 169}; مَآءٌ نَمِيرٌ (ma˒ā˒un namīrun) wholesome water Lane²⁸⁵³, also We);—only מֵי נִמְרִים Is 15:6 Je 48:34; prob. = Βηνναμαρειμ Lag ^{284, 33}, in Wady Numêre at SE. end of Dead Sea, Buhl ²⁷².

†נִמְרֹד S GK, נִמְרוֹד n.pr.m. Nimrod (etym. and meaning wholly unknown; Thes (dub.) sub מָרַד rebel (of which Hebr. may have thought [cf. Lag ¹⁰⁵]); in fact prob. Bab. name; 1. = a god e.g. Marduk, We^{. . (2), 308 f.; Nimrod, (9), xvii. 511}, RS ^{i. 91 n.; 2d ed. 92}; Hom^{PSBA xv (1893), 291–300} proposes Narûdu = Namra-uddu, a star-god. 2. < name of Bab. king or prince: Nu-marad = ‘Man of Marad’ cf. Dl ²²⁰ De Gn 10:8 [1887]; more plausibly = Nazi-maraddash (marattash, murudas), Hpt^{Andover Rev. July, 1884, 93 f.} Dl ⁽¹⁸⁸⁴⁾ Say^{Athen. Feb. 16, 1895, Acad. Mar. 2, 1895} (cf. Che^{ib. Mar. 9}),—i.e. a Kashite kg., b. c. 1378, but dub., cf. Hpt ^{i (1889), 183}, Jeremias^{Izdubar-Nimrod, 1891, 1 ff.};—son of כּוּשׁ (q.v.), hero and hunter Gn 10:8, 9 (J; kg. in Babylonia, builder of Nineveh, etc. v 10 f.), נִמְרוֹד 1 Ch 1:10; אֶרֶץ נִמְרֹד Mi 5:5 (|| אֶרֶץ אַשּׁוּר); G Νεβρωδ.)

†נִמְשִׁי S GK n.pr.m. grandfather of Jehu 2 K 9:2, 14; יֵהוּא בֶן־נ׳ 1 K 19:16 2 K 9:20 2 Ch 22:7; G Ναμεσθει, Ναμες(ς)ει.

נֵס S^, TWOT GK v. II. נסס.

נְסִבָּה S TWOT GK v. סבב.

נְסָה v. נשׁא.

†[נָסָה S TWOT GK] vb. Pi. test, try (NH id., Pi.; T Pa. נַסִּי; Syriac Pa. ܢܰܣܺܝ (nasi); cf. Ethiopic መንሱት (mansut) temptation);—Pi. Pf. 3 ms. נִסָּה Dt 4:34 + 3 times; sf. נִסָּהוּ Ex 15:25; 3 fs. נִסְּתָה Dt 28:56; 1 s. נִסִּיתִי Ec 7:23, + 4 times Pf.; Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְנַסֵּם Dn 1:14; 1 s. אֲנְסֶּה Ju 6:39; sf. אֲנַסְּכָה Ec 2:2; 3 mpl. יְנַסּוּ Nu 14:22; 2 mpl. תְּנַסּ֑וּן Ex 17:2, + 7 times Impf.; Imv. נַס Dn 1:12; sf. נַסֵּנִי ψ 26:2; Inf. cstr. נַסּוֹת Ex 20:20, + 8 times Inf.; Pt. מְנַסֶּה Dt 13:4;— 1. test, try (syn. בחן), abs. 1 S 17:39 (equipment); c. בְּ Ju 6:39 Ec 2:1; c. acc. Dn 1:12, 14; acc. + בְּ 1 K 10:1 = 2 Ch 9:1, Ec 2:1; 7:23. 2. attempt, essay, try to do a thing, c. Inf. Dt 4:34 (c. לְ) 28:56; c. acc. Jb 4:2 (venture a word). 3. test, try, prove, tempt [but not in modern sense of the word: v. Dr ^{Dt 6:16; ψ 453, 483}] a. God tests or proves Abr. Gn 22:1 (E), Isr. Ex 15:25; 20:20 (E), 16:4 (J), Dt 8:2, 16; 13:4; c. בְּ Ju 2:22; 3:1, 4; tribe of Levi Dt 33:8 (poem); Hezekiah 2 Ch 32:31; psalmist ψ 26:2. b. Isr. tests, or tries God: Ex 17:2, 7 Nu 14:22 (J), Dt 6:16 ψ 78:18, 41, 56; 95:9; 106:14; so Ahaz, Is 7:12.

†ii. מַסָּה S^, TWOT GK^{, ,} n.f. test, trial, proving;—cstr. מַסַּת Jb 9:23; pl. מַסֹּת Dt 4:34; 7:19, מסּוֹת Dt 29:2:—testings or provings of Pharaoh and Egyptians at Exodus, Dt 4:34 (v. Dr), 7:19; 29:2 (|| אֹתֹת);—test, trial, of innocent person Jb 9:23 according to Hi al., but v. i. מַסָּה sub מסס.

†iii. מַסָּה S^, TWOT GK^{, ,} n.pr.loc. where Israel tried י׳ in the wilderness, Ex 17:7 (JE), Dt 6:16; 9:22 ψ 95:8 (all G (ὁ) πειρασμός), where Levi was tested Dt 33:8 (G πείρᾳ). v. Gall ^{Kultstätten 32} interprets as place of trial (ancient judgment-place) and identif. with Ḳadesh, called also מְרִיבָה (מֵי) and עֵין מִשְׁפָּט.

†[נָסַח S TWOT GK] vb. pull or tear away (NH נָסַח, T נְסַח both remove; Assyrian nasâḫu = BH, so Old Aramaic נסח Cook⁸² Lzb³²³; Arabic نَسَخَ (nasaḫa) annul, supersede, change by substitution, copy; cf. Assyrian nisḫu, nusḫu, extract, excerpt Dl ⁴⁷² Meissn ^{iv (1889), 267}; NH נָסְחָה, Nab. נסחת id., also Aramaic נוסחא (whence Arabic نُسْخَةٌ (nusḫatun)) Hoffm ^{xxxii. 760} cf. Frä²⁵¹; Syriac ܢܣܰܚ (nsaḥ) copy);—Qal Impf. 3 ms. בֵּית גֵּאִים יִסַּח י׳ Pr 15:25 the house of proud men will י׳ tear down; וְיִסָּֽחֲךָ מֵאֹהֶל ψ 52:7 yea, he [י׳] shall tear thee away, without a tent; 3 mpl. יִסְּחוּ מִן Pr 2:22 transgressors shall (men) tear away from the land (read perhaps יִנָּֽסְחוּ shall be torn away; || יִכָּרֵ֑תוּ; cf. Ges ^{144, 3 b.R} Da ^{§ 108. b}). Niph. Pf. 2 mpl. consec. וְנִסַּחְתֶּם מֵעַל הָאֲדָמָה Dt 28:63 and ye shall be torn away from off the land.

מַסָּח S TWOT GK 2 K 11:6, v. p. 587 a supr.

†I. נָסַךְ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} vb. pour out (NH id., pour, cast (metals, Pi. make libation; Ph. נסך cast gold or iron Lzb^323f.; T נְסַךְ make libation; Syriac ܢܣܰܟ (nsak) pour out; Arabic نَسَكَ (nasaka), orig. be-pour, water Nö ^{xii (1887), 719} (rare), usually worship Lane³⁰³² (cf. RS ^{i. 213; 2d ed. 229}), i.e. pour out blood of victim, pour out wine We ^{2, 114, 118, 142});—Qal Pf. 3 ms. נָסַךְ Is 29:10; 40:19; נָסָ֑ךְ 44:10; Impf. 3 mpl. יִסְּכוּ. Ho 9:4; 2 ms. תִּסְּכוּ Ex 30:9; Inf. לִנְסֹךְ Is 30:1; v. ii. נסך for Is 25:7;— 1. pour out (the spirit of deep sleep) c. על pers. Is 29:10. 2. pour out libations, c. acc. נֶסֶךְ Ex 30:9 (P); מַסֵּכָה Is 30:1; יַיִן Ho 9:4. 3. cast metal images, c. acc. פֶּסֶל Is 40:19; 44:10.

Piel. Impf. יְנַסֵּךְ 1 Ch 11:18 pour out as libation, c. acc. מַיִם + ליהוה (= 2 S 23:16 Hiph.).

Hiph. Pf. 3 mpl. הִסִּכוּ Je 32:39; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּסֵּךְ Gn 35:14 + 2 times; 1 s. אַסִּיךְ ψ 16:4; 3 mpl. וַיַסִּיכוּ Ez 20:28; Imv. הַסֵּךְ Nu 28:7; Inf. abs. הַסֵּיךְ Je 44:17; הַסֵּךְ Je 7:18 + 3 times; cstr. לְהַסֵּךְ Je 44:19, 25 (Kö^{. 309});—pour out libations, c. acc. נֶסֶךְ Gn 35:14 (E), 2 K 16:13 Nu 28:7 (P), מַיִם 2 S 23:16 ליהוה; elsewhere, נְסָכִים to other gods Je 7:18; 19:13; 32:29; 44:17, 18, 19⁽⁾, 25 Ez 20:28 ψ 16:4.

Hop. Impf. 3 ms. יֻסַּךְ be poured out, Ex 25:29; 37:16, of holy wine, c. בְ of vessels.

†נֶ֫סֶךְ S TWOT GK^, n.m. drink-offering;—abs. נ׳ Gn 35:14 + 6 times; נֵ֫סֶךְ Ex 29:40; 30:9 Ez 45:17; נָ֑סֶךְ Nu 4:7 Jo 1:13; cstr. נֶסֶךְ Nu 28:7; sf. נִסְכִּי Is 48:5, etc.; pl. נְסָכִים Je 7:18 + 9 times; sf. נְסָכֶיהָ Nu 29:31, נִסְכֵּיכֶם v 39, etc.;— 1. drink-offering, c. עַל (on Jacob’s מַצֵּבָה at Bethel) Gn 35:14 (E); elsewhere in worship of י׳ only P and related doc.; once of vessels of holy table קְשׂוֹת הַנָּ֑סֶךְ Nu 4:7; elsewhere in classifications Lv 23:37 Nu 29:39, usually offered with the עלה Ex 29:40 Lv 23:13, 18 Nu 15:5, 7, 10, 24; 28:7, 14, 31; 29:18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 37, especially עוֹלַת הַתָּמִיד 28:9, 10, 15, 24; 29:6, 11, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 38; מִנְחַת הַבֹּקֶר Ex 29:41 Nu 28:8; but sometimes also with (שׁלמים) זבח 6:15, 17; 15:15, 10; usually + מִנְחָה; elsewhere only 1 Ch 29:21 2 Ch 29:35 Ez 45:17; מִנְחָה וָנ׳ Jo 1:9, 13; 2:14. Offered to other gods 2 K 6:13, 15 Is 57:6 Je 7:18; 19:13; 32:29; 44:17, 18, 19⁽⁾, 25 Ez 20:28 ψ 16:4. 2. molten images, Is 41:29; 48:5 Je 10:14; 51:17.—Combinations are: נָסַךְ נ׳, הִסִּיךְ נ׳ (see vb.); שָׁפַךְ נ׳ Is 57:6.

†i. [נָסִיךְ S^, TWOT GK^, ] n.m. 1. libation; 2. molten image;— 1. sf. יֵין נְסִיכָם wine of their drink-offering Dt 32:38. 2. molten image, sf. נְסִכֵיהֶם Dn 11:8.

†i. מַסֵּכָה S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.f. 1. libation; 2. molten metal, or image;—מ׳ Ex 32:4 +; cstr. מַסֵּכַת Is 30:22; pl. מַסֵּכוֹת 1 K 14:9 +; sf. מַסֵּכֹתָם Nu 33:52;— 1. libation, with covenant sacrif. in making covenant Is 30:1 ( = 1. נֶסֶךְ; See, however, sub II. [נָסַךְ]). 2. molten metal, or image: עֵגֶל מַסֵּכָה molten calf Ex 32:4, 8 Dt 9:16; Ne 9:18, cf. ψ 106:19; אֱלֹהֵי מַסֵּכָה molten gods Ex 34:17 Lv 19:4; צַלְמֵי מ׳ Nu 33:52; פֶּסֶל וּמַסֵּכָה Dt 27:15 Ju 17:3, 4; 18:14 Na 1:14 2 Ch 34:3, 4, elsewhere (variously) Dt 9:12 Ju 18:17, 18 1 K 14:9 2 K 17:16 2 Ch 28:2 Is 30:22; 42:17 Ho 13:2 Hb 2:18.

†II. [נָסַךְ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. weave (Arabic نَسَجَ (nasaja) has same meaning);—Qal Pt. pass. f. נְסוּכָה Is 25:7; perhaps also Inf. cstr. לִנְסֹךְ 30:1; on both v. foll.

†ii. מַסֵּכָה S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.f. woven stuff, web, especially as covering;—abs. הַמּ׳ הַנְּסוּכָה עַל־ Is 25:7 the web that is woven over all the nations (i.e. mourning-veil, symb. of distress; || הַלּוֹט הַלּוֹט); = bed-covering 28:20 (in fig.). Perhaps also לִנְסֹךְ מ׳ 30:1 weave a web (|| לַעֲשׂוֹת עֵצָה, ref. to negotiations with Egypt (So B Aq Ew De Che Di; > G Ges Hi Kn Brd Du pour a libation; מ׳ not elsewhere = נֶסֶךְ).

†[מַסֶּ֫כֶת S TWOT GK] n.f. web of unfinished stuff, on loom (v. GFM^{, Oct. 1889, clxxvii});—only abs. מַסָּ֑כֶת Ju 16:13, 14.—מָסָךְ, מְסֻכָה v. סכך.

†III. [נָסַךְ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. set, install (Assyrian nasâku, id., whence nasîku, prince, Dl ⁴⁷²; v. also Muss-Arnolt^{. vi. 89, R. 17} and reff.);—Qal Pf. 1 s. נָסַכְתִּי מַלְכִּי עַל־צִיּוֹן ψ 2:6 I have installed my king upon Zion. Niph. Pf. 1 s. נִסַּכְתִּי Pr 8:23 I was installed (of Wisdom).

†ii. [נָסִיךְ S^, TWOT GK^, ] n.m. prince;—pl. cstr. נְסִיכֵי Jos 13:21 Ez 32:30 Mi 5:4; sf. נְסִיכֵמוֹ ψ 83:12.

נִסְמָן v. סמן.

†I. [נָסַס S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. be sick (?; cf. Syriac ܢܰܣ (nas) id., and especially ܢܰܣܺܝܣ (nasis) debilis, infirmus, aegrotans, etc., PS²³⁸⁷; T נְסַס be sad; Assyrian nasâsu, wail, lament Dl ⁴²⁷; Arabic نَسَّ (nassa) is go at a gentle pace);—only Qal Pt. act. (si vera l.) כִּמְסֹס נֹסֵס Is 10:18 like the wasting away of a sick man (so Thes Ew De Che Di Du).

II. נסס (√ of foll. = be high or conspicuous? Hithpo˓l Inf. לְהִתְנוֹסֵס ψ 60:6, according to some denom. from נֵס that it may be displayed, AV, cf. De; < v. נוס; Pt. מִתְנוֹסְסוֹת Zc 9:16 raised? prominent? (עַל־אַדְמָתוֹ; of precious stones, in fig.) very dub.; We Now del.; Gr מִתְנוֹצְצוֹת).

†נֵס S^, TWOT GK n.[m.] standard, ensign, signal, sign (NH id., flag, usually sign, i.e. miracle; T נֵס, נִסָּא sign, miracle);—נ׳ abs. Nu 21:8 +; cstr. Is 31:9; sf. נִסִּי Ex 17:15 Is 49:22;— 1. a. standard, as rallying-point, י׳ נִסִּי Ex 17:15 (E), י׳ my standard (name of altar); conspicuously set on hill Is 30:17 (sim. of solitariness; || תֹּרֶן עַל־רֹאשׁ הָהָר); signal of war [v. Schumacher ^{ix. 232, Across the Jordan, 104 f.}] (especially to the nations, for destruction or deliverance of Judah, Is Je), נָשָׂא נ׳ לַגּוֹיִם Is 5:26; 11:12 cf. 18:3 (on mts., || תָּקַע שׁוֹפָר); אֶל־עַמִּים אָרִים נ׳ 49:22 (|| אֶשָּׂא אֶל־גּוֹיִם יָדִי),—in all these subj. י׳; cf. עֹמֵד לְנֵס עַמִּים Is 11:10 (of Mess. kg.); שְׂאוּ נ׳ 13:2 (on mt.) 31:9, Je 50:2; 51:12 (c. אֶל־ against), v 27 (|| תִּקְעוּ שׁוֹפָר בַּגּוֹיִם), הָרִימוּ נ׳ עַל־עַמִּים Is 62:10, cf. Je 4:21 (|| קוֹל שׁוֹפָר); נָתַתָּה … נ׳ לְהִתְנוֹסֵס ψ 60:6 thou hast set a standard (only) for fleeing. b. signal, שְׂאוּ נ׳ צִיּ֫וֹנָה Je 4:6 (i.e. to direct refugees to Zion). 2. standard, as pole, supporting serpent of bronze Nu 21:8, 9 (JE). 3. a. ensign, signal, שֵׁשׁ … מִמִּצְרַיִם הָיָה מִפְרָשֵׁךְ לִהְיוֹת לָךְ לְנֵס Ez 27:7 byssus from Egypt was thy sail, to serve thee for an ensign (so DaToy; on lack of pennon on ancient ships v. Co; > del. Co Berthol); so b. (since sails were the only ensign) = sail Is 33:23 (Che Di al.; > pennon Ges Hi Ew De Du). 4. sign (cf. NH) = warning Nu 26:10 (P).

I. נָסַע S TWOT GK vb. pull out or up, set out, journey (NH id., move, march; Assyrian nisû, set out, withdraw, etc. Dl ⁴⁷⁰; Nö ^{xl (1886), 723} cp. also Arabic نَزَعَ (naza˓a), Ethiopic ነዝዐ (naz˓a) [rare] pull up, away, so BA ⁵¹);—Qal₁₃₇ Pf. 3 ms. נ׳ Gn 33:17 +, 3 mpl. נָֽסְעוּ Dt 10:6, נָסָ֑עוּ Nu 2:34 +, etc.; Impf. יִסַּע Is 33:20, וַיִּסַּע Gn 12:9 +, sf. וַיִּסָּעֵם Ju 16:3; 3 mpl. יִסְעוּ Ex 40:36 +, יִסָּ֑עוּ Nu 2:9 +; 2 mpl. תִּסְעוּ Jos 3:3; 1 pl. נִסְעָה cohort. Gn 33:12, וַנִּסַּע Dt 1:19; 2:1, וַנִּסְעָה Ezr 8:31, etc.; Imv. סְעוּ Dt 2:24 +; Inf. abs. נָסוֹעַ Gn 12:9; cstr. נְסֹעַ Jos 3:14 +; sf. נָסְעָם Gn 11:2 Nu 10:34; Pt. נֹסֵעַ Ex 14:10 Nu 10:33; pl. נֹסְעִים Nu 10:29;— 5. pull out or up, city-gate and gate-posts Ju 16:3; loom v 14 (on text cf. GFM), tent-pegs Is 33:20 (fig. of Jerusalem; cf. also Niph.) 2. hence (from pulling up tent-pegs), a. set out Gn 35:5 Nu 12:15 (both E), Je 4:7 (|| יָצָא מִמְּקוֹמוֹ); even of lifeless things, e.g. the ark, הָאָרוֹן Nu 10:35 (JE); often in P: Ex 14:15; 40:37 Nu 1:51; 4:5, 15; 9:17 + 8 times Nu 9, 10:5, 6, 17, 18, 21, 22, 25, so prob. also 2:8 + 6 times Nu 2 (v. infr.; even of liveless things, דֶּגֶל 10:18, 22, מִשְׁכָּן 1:51, אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד 2:17), 33:3; וַיִּסַּע … וַיָּבֹא Gn 46:1 (E) and Isr. set out, and came, etc., Ex 16:1; 19:2 Nu 20:22 Jos 9:17 (all P), Dt 1:7, נִסְעָה וְנֵלֵ֑כָה 33:12 (J); (… וַיַּעֲלוּ) וַיִּסְעוּ Ju 18:11, סְעוּ וְעִבְרוּ Dt 2:24; נ׳ often c. מִן Gn 35:16 (E), Nu 10:34 (JE), נ׳ מֵאָהֳלֵיהֶם לַעֲבֹר Jos 3:14 (JE), set out from their tents, to cross, etc., cf. נ׳ מִן … לָלֶכֶת Ezr 8:31; c. מִן + ויבא, Jos 3:1 (JE), Nu 33:9 (P), + וַיֵּלֶךְ v 3 (D), Dt 1:19, + וַיַּעַבְרוּ Nu 33:8 (P); + וַיָּשָׁב + וַיַּחֲנוּ Nu 33:7 (P). b. depart, c. מִן Gn 37:17 (J) 2 K 3:27; 19:8, 36 = Is 37:8, 37; even of עַמּוּד הֶעָנָן Ex 14:19 (J); of angel v 19 (E; + וַיֵּלֶךְ. 3. journey, march (by stages) Gn 12:9; 35:21 both J), Nu 10:13, 14, 28 (P), (poss. also Nu 2:9 etc., cf. 2 supr.); + לְמַסְעֵיהֶם according to their stations, i.e. by stages Ex 17:1 Nu 10:12 ( + מִן), cf. Ex 40:36 (all P); sq. ה loc. Gn 12:9; 33:17 (both J), Dt 1:40; 2:1; סְעוּ לָכֶם הַמִּדְּבָּר Nu 14:25 (JE); sq. מִקֶּדֶם eastward (v. מִן 1. c) Gn 11:2; 13:11 (both J), אַחֲרֵי Ex 14:10 (J), אֶל־ Nu 10:29, לִפְנֵי v 33 (of ark; all J); sq. מִן + ה loc. Gn 20:1 (E), Dt 10:6, 7 Ex 12:37 (P), + acc. loc. Nu 11:35 (JE); sq. מִן + acc. of distance, דֶּרֶךְ 10:33 (JE), 21:4 (P); especially וַיִּסְעוּ מִן … וַיַּחֲנוּ Nu 21:12, 13 (JE), Ex 13:20 Nu 21:11; 33:5 + 37 times Nu 33 (all P); of shepherds Je 31:24.—נָֽסְעוּ כְמוֹ צֹאן Zc 10:2 is dub.; We נָעוּ or יָנֻעוּ, so Now. 3. of wind, נ׳ רוּחַ מֵאֵת י׳ Nu 11:31 there set forth (sprang up) a wind from י׳.

†Niph. Pf. be pulled up, removed: 3 ms. דּוֹרִי נִסַּע וְנִגְלָה מִנִּי כְּאֹהֶל רֹעִי Is 38:12; of wealth הֲלֹא נִסַּע Jb 4:21 (reading יְתֵדָם for יִתְרָם, v. ii. יֶתֶר).

†Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. יַסַּע ψ 78:26, וַיַּסַּע Ex 15:22 + 2 times; 2 ms. תַּסִּיעַ ψ 80:9, 3 fs. תַּסִּיעִי 2 K 4:4; 3 mpl. וַיַּסִּ֫עוּ 1 K 5:31; Pt. מַסִּיעַ Ec 10:9;— 4. cause to set out, lead out, c. acc. pers. Ex 15:22 (J; + מִן, וַיֵּצְאוּ), ψ 78:52 (כַּצֹּאן; || וַיְנַהֲגֵם), 80:9 (מִן; fig. of vine); fig. of a wind, cause to spring up, יַסַּע קָדִים ψ 78:26 (|| וַיְנַהֵג; cf. Qal 4). 5. remove, c. acc. rei 2 K 4:4; וַיַּסַּע כָּעֵץ תִּקְוָתִי Jb 19:10; specif., remove from quarry, quarry: 1 K 5:31 and they quarried great stones, cf. Ec 10:9.

†מַסַּע S TWOT GK n.[m.] pulling up, breaking camp, setting out, journey;—abs. מ׳ Nu 10:2 Dt 10:11; pl. cstr. מַסְעֵי Nu 10:28; 33:1; sf. מַסָּעָיו Gn 13:3, מַסְעֵיהֶם Ex 17:1 + 6 times;— 1. a. pulling up, breaking camp (c. acc. מַחֲנֶה; Ges ^{45e, 115d}) Nu 10:2. b. setting out Nu 10:6, cf. v 28. 2. station, stage, journey (by stages), וַיֵּלֶךְ לְמ׳ Gn 13:3 and he went by (according to) his journeyings (cf. הלך, p. 231 a supr.); לְמַסְעֵיהֶם Ex 17:1 cf. 40:36, 38 Nu 10:12 (all P; all c. נָסַע), 33:1, 2 (|| מוֹצָאֵיהֶם, v 2 (|| id.); קוּם לֵךְ לְמַסַּע Dt 10:11 for journeying (v. Dr).

†i. מַסָּע S TWOT^, GK^, n.[m.] quarry or quarrying;— only abs. as adv. acc., אֶבֶן שְׁלֵמָה מַסָּע 1 K 6:7 stone perfect (at the) quarry (or at quarrying, i.e. when it was quarried; cf. Benz; text dub.).

II. נסע TWOT (√ of foll.; poss. Arabic نَسَغَ (nasağa) throw (puncture, wound, etc.), Kam. Frey, so Buhl ¹³).

†ii. מַסָּע S TWOT^, GK^, missile, dart;—only abs. Jb 41:18 ( + חֲנִית, שִׁרְיָה).

נסק whence אֶסַּק ψ 139:8 according to Thes al.; but v. סלק.

†נִסְרֹךְ S TWOT GK n.pr.div. Assyrian god, worshipped by Sendsch., 2 K 19:37 = Is 37:38; G Εσδραχ, A Εσθραχ, GL Ασραχ (K); G Νασαραχ, א Ασαρακ, A Ασαραχ (Is); Jos x. 1, 5 Αρασκη; no such god in cuneif. inscr.; see views in Meinh^{Jesaiaerzählungen (1898) ad loc.}; crpt. form of Nusku ( = נסוך) according to Hal^{. xiii (1879), 387 Mél. de Crit. 177} Muss-Arnolt ^{xi. 1 (1892), 86; . vii. 89 R. 17}; Nusku is a solar deity, cf. Jastr ^{220 f.}

נֵעָה S GK, נֹעָה S GK v. נוע.

†נְעִיאֵל S GK n.pr.loc. on border of Asher Jos 19:27; G Ιναηλ, A Ανιηλ, GL Ναειηλ.

†נָעַל S TWOT^, GK^, vb. bar, bolt, lock (NH id.);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. נָעַל 2 S 13:18, נָעָ֑ל Ju 3:23; Imv. נְעֹל 2 S 13:17; Pt. pass. נָעוּל Ct 4:12⁽⁾; fpl. נְעֻלוֹת Ju 3:24;—bar, bolt, lock, usually c. acc. דֶּלֶת, דְּלָתוֹת: Ju 3:23, + אַחֲרֵי after, behind, v 24 2 S 13:17, 18; elsewhere only גַּן נָעוּל Ct 4:12 a garden barred (fig. of Shulamite), so also v 12b (reading גַּן for גַּל, Vrss Gr Bu).

†נַ֫עַל S TWOT GK n.f. Jos 9:5 sandal, shoe (NH id.; Arabic نَعْلٌ (na˓lun) id. (also horse-shoe, etc.); Syriac ܢܰܥܠܴܐ (na˓lo) appar. only horse-shoe (rare; also NS) PS²⁴⁰⁵; cf. poss. Ethiopic ንዑልት (nə˓ult) (obsol.) wife of Levirate marriage Di⁶⁷⁶);—abs. נ׳ Gn 14:23, נָ֑עַל Dt 25:10; sf. נַעֲלִי ψ 60:10; 108:10, נַעַלְךָ Jos 5:15, etc.; du. נַעֲלָ֑יִם Am 2:6; 8:6; pl. נְעָלִים Is 11:15 Ct 7:2, נְעָלוֹת Jos 9:5; sf. נְעָלֶיךָ Ex 3:5 Ez 24:17, נְעָלָיו Is 5:27, נְעָלֵינוּ Jos 9:13, נַעֲלֵיכֶם Ex 12:11 Ez 24:23;—sandal Ju 9:13, Am 2:6; 8:6 (du. = pair of sandals; mentioned as of little worth); Dt 29;4; on (ב) feet Jos 9:5 (JE), 1 K 2:5 Ez 24:23 Ex 12:11 (P); cf. פְּעָמַיִךְ בַּנְּעָלִים Ct 7:2, וְהִדְרִיךְ בַּנ׳ Is 11:15; put on sandal is שִׂים נ׳ בְּרֶגֶל Ez 24:17; loose the sandal is חָלַץ Is 20:2 Dt 25:9 cf. v 10; שַׁל (Imv.) Ex 3:5 (E), Jos 5:15 (JE); שָׁלַף Ru 4:7, 8 cf. Burton^{Midian ii. 197}); sandal-thong is שְׂרוֹךְ Gn 14:23; Is 5:27; עַל־אֱדוֹם אַשְׁלִיךְ נַעֲלִי ψ 60:10 upon Edom do I cast my sandal = 108:10, denotes either contempt (Hup; עַל = unto, fig. of slave), or taking possession of (Fl in De, Che Bae), || מוֹאָב סִיר רַחְצִי favoursformer.—On symbolic use of sandal v. further Goldziher^{Abh. z. Arabic Philol. i. 47 f.} Jacob ^{iv. 23}.

†[נָעַל S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb.denom. furnish with sandals, shoe (T נְעַל (rare), bind on sandal; Arabic نَعَلَ (na˓ala) furnish with sandals, shoe horse or camel; Syriac ܢܰܥܶܠ (na˓el) shoe horse);—Qal Impf. 1 s. sf. וָאֶנְעֲלֵךְ תָּ֑הַשׁ Ez 16:10 and I shod thee with תחשׁ (q.v.). Hiph. Impf. 3 mpl. sf. וַיַּנְעִלוּם 2 Ch 28:15 and gave them sandals.

†מַנְעוּל S TWOT GK n.[m.] bolt;—abs. כַּפּוֹת הַמּ׳ Ct 5:5 (of house-door); pl. sf. מַנְעוּלָיו Ne 3:3, מַנְעֻלָיו v 6, 13, 14, 15, all of city-gates, in phr. דַּלְתֹתָיו (וּ)מַנ׳ וּבְרִיחָיו.

†[מִנְעָל S TWOT GK] n.m. id., only sf. בַּרְזֶל וּנְחשֶׁת מִנְעָלֶ֑ךָ Dt 33:25 (song).

†I. [נָעֵם S TWOT GK] vb. be pleasant, delightful, lovely (Ph. נעם good Lzb³²⁴ (and many n.pr.); Arabic نَعِمَ (na˓ima) be plentiful, easy, pleasant; أَنْعَمَ على (˒an˓ama ˓ly) shew gracious favour toward, often in Qor; Sab. נעם be lovely, agreeable, well Levy-Os ^{xix (1865), 178} CIS^{iv. 19, 11}, so Min. Hom ¹²⁸; Old Aramaic in n.pr. Lzb^{222, 324} Cook⁸² (נעמתי my darling [or my songs, cf. II. נ׳]); T נָעִים pleasant,lovely, נְעִימְתָּא loveliness; Prä ^{i. 46 f.} cp. Ethiopic አደመ (˒addama) be pleasant, = አንዐመ (˒an˓ama));—Qal Pf. 3 fs. נָעֵמָ֑ה Gn 49:15 (poem in J; of land); 2 ms. (of delightful friend) נָעַמְתָּ לִי מְאֹד 2 S 1:26, also (of physical beauty) מִמִּי נָעָ֑מְתָּ Ez 32:19; 2 fs. (id.) מַה־נָּעַמְתְּ Ct 7:7 how lovely art thou! (|| מַה־יָּפִית); 3 pl., of pleasant words, נָעֵ֑מוּ ψ 141:6; Impf. 3 ms. יִנְעָ֑ם: לְנַפְשְׁךָ יִנ׳ Pr 2:10 (of knowledge); לֶחֶם סְתָרִים יִנ׳ 9:17 (|| יִמְתָּ֑קוּ); יִנ׳ 24:25 is impers. c. ל, to them … shall be delight.

†נֹ֫עַם S TWOT GK n.m. ψ 90:17 delightfulness, pleasantness (Ecclus נועם תירוש 32:6);—נ׳ abs. Zc 11:7 + 4 times; cstr. ψ 27:4; 90:17;— 1. delightfulness of י׳: contemplated in temple ψ 27:4, shewn in his favour, וִיהִי נ׳ אדני … עָלֵינוּ 90:17. 2. name of one of two symbol. staves Zc 11:7, 10. 3. pleasantness, as defining genit.: דַּרְכֵי־נ׳ Pr 3:17; אִמְרֵי־נ׳ 15:26; 16:24.

†נָ֑עַם n.pr.m. son of Caleb, 1 Ch 4:15; G Νοομ, A Νααμ.

†i. נָעִים S TWOT^, GK^, adj. pleasant, delightful (poet.);—abs. נ׳ Pr 22:18 +; cstr. נְעִים 2 S 23:1; pl. נְעִמִים ψ 16:6, נְעִימִם 2 S 1:23, נְעִימִים Pr 23:8; f. נְעִמוֹת ψ 16:11;— 1. delightful הַנֶּאֱהָבִים וְהַנּ׳ בְּחַיֵּיהֶם 2 S 1:23 (of Saul and Jonath.); of wealth, הוֹן יָקָר וְנ׳ Pr 24:4; words Pr 23:8; of acts, etc.: מַה־טּוֹב וּמַה־נּ׳ שֶׁבֶת אַחִים גַּם־יָחַ֑ד ψ 133:1; singing praises to י׳, 135:3; 147:1; keeping wise teachings Pr 22:18; as subst. = delight יְכַלּוּ יְמֵיהֶם בַּטּוֹב וּשְׁנֵיהֶם בַּנְּעִימִים Jb 36:11 (of earthly prosperity); of spiritual delights ψ 16:6, 11. 2. lovely, beautiful (physically), Ct 1:16 (|| יָפֶה).—ψ 81:3 2 S 23:1 v. ii. נָעִים sub II. נעם.

†i. נַעֲמָה S GK^, n.pr.f. 1. sister of Tubal Cain Gn 4:22 G Νοεμα, GL Νοεμμα. 2. Ammonitess, mother of Rehoboam 1 K 14:21 G Μααχαμ, A Ναμμα, GL Ναανα = 2 Ch 12:13, G Νοομμα, GL Νααμα; also 1 K 14:31 but prob. gloss (om. GB, GL, etc.).

†ii. נַעֲמָה S GK^, n.pr.loc. city assigned to Judah in Philist. plain Jos 15:41; G Νωμαν, A Νωμα, GL Νομα.

נַעֲמִי S GK v. infr.

נָעֳמִי S GK n.pr.f. mother-in-law of Ruth, Ru 1:2, 3, 8 + 18 times Ru GB Νωεμειν; A Νωεμμειν 1:2, Νοεμμειν v 3, usually Νοομει(ν); GL Νοομι.

†i. [נַעֲמָן S^, TWOT GK^, ] n.[m.] usually pleasantness (so Thes amoenitas), but perhaps epithet of Adonis (so Mo^{Phoen. i. 227} Lag^{. i. 468; Semit. i. 32} who cp. red flower called شقاىٔق النعمان (šq˒˒q ˒ln˓m˒n) [v. Lane¹⁵⁷⁸], i.e. wound of Adonis, whence ἀνεμώνη; cf. Ew^{Proph. i. 364} RS ^{vi. n. 10} and v. Lewy^{, 49});—only pl. נִטְעֵי נַעֲמָנִים Is 17:10 G φύτευμα ἄπιστον) perhaps = Adonis-plantations, or gardens (on double pl. v. Ges ^{124 q}; and on Ἀδώνιδος κῆποι v. Rochette^{Rev. Archéol. viii. 1851, 105–123} Daremberg et Saglio^{Dict. des Antiquités (1877), i. 73, and reff.} WSmith^{Dict. Antiq. (3) i. 25} Fl in Levy ^{iv. 229}).

ii. נַעֲמָן S^, TWOT GK^, ₁₆ n.pr.m. 1. son of Benj. Gn 46:21, G Νοεμ(μ)αν; = grandson of Benj. Nu 26:40⁽⁾, G Νοεμα(νει), 1 Ch 8:4, 7 (so G Gn 46:21), G in Ch Νοομα, GL Ναμει, Νααμαν. 2. Aramaean general 2 K 5:1, 2, 6 + 8 times 2 K 5; G Ναιμαν, GL Νεεμαν.

†נַעֲמִי S GK adj.gent. from ii. נַעֲמָן 1, Nu 26:40, read doubtless נעמני (so Sam.).

†נַעֲמָתִי S GK adj.gent. (from unused n.pr.);—צוֹפַר הַנּ׳ Jb 2:11 (G ὁ Μειναίων Βασιλεύς), 11:1; 20:1; 42:9 (all G ὁ Μειναῖος); Hom ⁴⁸ proposes מְעוּנִי.

†[מַנְעַמִּים S TWOT GK] n.[m.]pl. delicacies, dainties;—only sf. וּבַל־אֶלְחַם בְּמַנְעַמֵּיהֶם ψ 141:4.

II. נעם TWOT (perhaps to be assumed as √ of foll., Ne^{Margin 10}; Arabic نَغَمَ (nağama) speak in a low, gentle voice, نَغْمَةٌ (nağmatun) note, melody; Syriac ܢܥܰܡ (n˓am) rugivit, ܢܶܥܡܬܳܐ (ne˓mto) gentle sound, note; NH נְעִימָה melody; Ecclus 45:9 לתת נעימה to make music; cf. Hiph. 47^{9b margin}).

†ii. נָעִים S TWOT^, GK^, adj. perhaps singing, sweetly sounding, musical;—abs. כִּנּוֹר נ׳ ψ 81:3 sweetly-sounding lyre; cstr., as subst., נְעִים זְמִרוֹת יִשׂ׳ 2 S 23:1 Israel’s sweet singer of songs (cf. Dr 2 S 8:10 Löhr; B egregius psaltes Israel, and so Ges Ew al., from I. נעם; joy of the songs of Isr. HPS, cf. Klo Kit).

נעץ TWOT (√ of foll.; NH נָעַץ prick, stick or thrust in, wedge in; T נְעַץ id.; NH נַעֲצוּץ fig. of wicked person; T נַעֲצוּצָא = BH).

†נַעֲצוּץ S TWOT GK n.[m.] thorn-bush (on form cf. Ba ²¹³);—abs. נ׳ Is. 55:13; pl. נַעֲצוּצִים 7:19.

†I. [נָעַר S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. growl (NH id. cry, bray; cf. Syriac ܢܥܰܪ (n˓ar); Arabic نَعَرَ (na˓ara) make a noise Lane²⁸¹⁵; poss. Assyrian na˒ru, cry, roar (?) Dl ⁴³⁹);—only Qal Pf. 3 pl. נָֽעֲרוּ כְּגוֹרֵי אֲרָיוֹת Je 51:38 (|| כַּכְּפִרִים יִשְׁאָ֑גוּ).

†II. [נָעַר S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. shake, shake out or off (NH נָעַר shake, stir up, especially Pi. Niph.; T נְעֹרֶת tow (v. infr.); Arabic نَغِرَ, نَغَرَ (nağira, nağara) boil, be in violent commotion, be very angry);—Qal Pf. 1 s. נָעַ֫רְתִּי Ne 5:13; Pt. act. נֹעֵר Is 33:9, 15; pass. Ne 5:13;—shake out, to shew emptiness, חָעְנִת נ׳ Ne 5:13 (symbol.), נ׳ כַּפָּיו מִתְּמֹךְ בַּשֹּׁחַר Is 33:15; pt. shaken out, emptied נ׳ וָרֵק Ne 5:13 (i.e. stripped of possessions); shake off (leaves) Is 33:9 (cf. || cl.). Niph. Pf. 1 s. נִנְעַ֫רְתִּי כָאַרְבֶּה ψ 109:23 I am shaken out like a locust (from fold of a garment; sim. of perishing helplessly); cf. Impf. 3 mpl. וְיִנָּֽעֲרוּ רְשָׁעִים מִמֶּ֑נָּה Jb 38:13 to seize the corners of the earth that wicked men may be shaken out of it; 1 s. אִנָּעֵר Ju 16:20 I will shake myself (free? cf. Hithp. and GFM). Pi. Impf. 3 ms. juss. יִנַעֵר Ne 5:13 so may God shake utterly out every man from (מִן) his house, etc.; וַיְנַעֵר Ex 14:27 and י׳ shook off the Egyptian into (ב) the sea, = Pf. נִעֵר ψ 136:15 (also c. acc. + ב). Hithp. Imv. fs. הִתְנַעֲרִי מֵעָפָר Is 52:2 shake thyself (free), etc. (of personif. Zion).

†i. נַ֫עַר S^, TWOT^, GK^, n.[m.] usually interpr. as a shaking, scattering, abst. for concr. = scattered ones, only Zc 11:16, but text corrupt, v. We Now.

†נְעֹ֫רֶת S TWOT GK n.f. tow (as shaken off from the flax when beaten; on form cf. Ba ⁶⁴);—in sim. פְּתִיל־הַנּ׳ Ju 16:9 a thread of tow (snapping from heat); נ׳ Is 1:31 (fig.; as inflammable).

III. נער TWOT (√ of foll.; meaning unknown).

ii. נַ֫עַר S^, TWOT^, GK^, ₂₃₉ n.m. 1. boy, lad, youth. 2. retainer (not in P) (NH as BH; Ph. נער Lzb ³²⁴);—נ׳ abs. Gn 37:2 +; cstr. 1 S 2:13 +; sf. נַעֲרוֹ Ju 19:3 +, נַעֲרָהּ 2 K 4:24; pl. נְעָרִים 1 S 25:5 +, cstr. נַעֲרֵי Ex 24:5 +; sf. נְעָרַי Ne 4:10; 5:10, etc.;— 1. boy, lad, youth (c. 133 times) a. of infant Ex 2:6 (E; 3 months old), to be born Ju 13:5, 7, 8, 12, just born 1 S 4:21, not weaned 1 S 1:22; also Is 8:4, cf. 7:16 +. b. of lad just weaned 1 S 1:24 (del. 2nd נער, cf. further Dr Bu HPS), v 25, 27, etc. c. = youth: of young Ishmael Gn 21:12f. (E), Isaac 22:5, 12 (E), Joseph Gn 37:2 (E; 17 years old,), Benj. 43:8; 44:22f. (J), sons of Samuel 1 S 2:17, of Jesse 1 S 16:11; נ׳ קָטֹן little lad 1 S 20:35 1 K 3:7 2 K 5:14 Is 11:6, נ׳ קָטָן 1 K 11:17, pl. 2 K 2:23. d. נ׳ with special stress on youthfulness Ju 8:20 1 S 17:33, 42 Ho 11:1 Is 3:4 cf. Ec 10:16 Is 3:5; 10:19 Je 1:6, 7 1 Ch 22:5; 29:1; 2 Ch 13:7; 34:3; so in phr. מִנּ׳ וְעַד זָקֵן Gn 19:4 (J), Jos 6:21 (J), Est 3:13 cf. Ex 10:9 (E), Dt 28:50 Is 20:4; 65:20 Je 51:22 La 2:21 ψ 37:25; 148:12 Pr 22:6. e. of marriageable age Gn 34:19 (J), warrior Absalom 2 S 18:5, 12 +, Zadok 1 Ch 12:29, etc. 2. servant, retainer (c. 105 times): a. = personal attendant, household servant, Nu 22:22 (J), Ju 7:10, 11; 19:3 1 S 9:3f. 2 K 4:12, 25 + often b. = retainer, follower Gn 14:24 1 S 25:5f. 2 S 2:14f. 1 K 20:14f. 2 K 19:6 = Is 37:6, Jb 1:15, 16, 17 Ne 4:10, 17 + often—Zc 11:16 is corrupt, cf. We Now.—Note. נער occurs in Pent. as Kt with Qr perpet. נַעֲרָה q.v.

†נֹ֫עַר S TWOT GK n.m. youth, early life (rare poet. synon. for נְעוּרִים);—abs. נ׳ Jb 33:25 ( = youthful vigour), 36:14, מִנּ׳ Pr 29:21 ψ 88:16 from youth up.

†i. נַעֲרָה S^, TWOT GK^{, ,} n.f. girl, damsel;—abs. נ׳ Ju 19:3 + 22 times, also Qr Gn 24:14 + 20 times Gn Dt (נַעֲרָה Kt in Pent. only Dt 22:19, v. infr.); pl. abs. נְעָרוֹת 1 S 9:11 +, cstr. נַעֲרוֹת Est 4:4; sf. נַעֲרוֹתָיו Ru 2:22; 3:2, נַעֲרֹתֶיהָ Gn 24:61 Ex 2:5, etc.;— 1. girl, damsel; נ׳ קְטַנָּה little girl only 2 K 5:2, cf. v 4, perhaps = young daughters Jb 40:29; elsewhere = young woman 1 S 9:11; especially as marriageable, Gn 24:14, 16, 28, 55, 57; 34:3, 12 (all J), Dt 22:15⁽⁾, 16, 19, 20, 21, 24, 26⁽⁾, 29 1 K 1:3, 4 Est 2:4, 7, 8, 9, 12⁽⁾, 13; specif. virgin נ׳ בְּתוּלָה Ju 21:12 Dt 22:23, 28 1 K 1:2 Est 2:2, 3 (cf. Dt 22:15b, 20); נ׳ מְאֹרָשָׂה betrothed girl Dt 22:25, 27; young widow Ru 2:6; 4:12; of a concubine Ju 19:3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, a prostitute Am 2:7. 2. of female attendants, maids (always pl.), Gn 24:61 (J), Ex 2:5 (E), 1 S 25:42 Pr 9:3; 27:27; 31:15 Est 2:9⁽⁾; 4:4, 16; gleaner(s) Ru 2:5, 8, 22, 23; 3:2.—Note. נער Kt in Pent. as fem. (Qr נַעֲרָ֯ is prob. not original; it is not found in Sam. Pent., and fpl. נַעֲרֹתֶיהָ occurs Gn Ex; cf. Ges^{§ 2 n., 17 c}.

†נְעוּרִים S TWOT GK n.f. (ψ 103:5; Ges ^145k) pl. youth, early life;—abs. נ׳ Is 54:6 ψ 127:4; elsewhere sf. נִעֻרַי 1 S 12:2, נְעוּרי Jb 31:18 +, נְעֻרֶיךָ 2 S 19:8, נִעוּרֶיךָ Pr 5:18 +, נְעוּרַיִךְ Je 2:2 +, נְעוּרָ֑יִכִי ψ 103:5, נִעוּרֵיהֶן Ez 23:3, etc.;—youth, early life, especially in phr. מִנּ׳ from one’s youth up Gn 8:21 (J), 1 S 17:33 1 K 18:12 Je 3:24 Zc 13:5 Jb 31:18 (extreme youth; || מִבֶּטֶן אִמִּי); fig. of Babylon Is 47:12, 15, Moab Je 48:11, Judah 22:21, cf. ψ 71:5, 17; 129:1, 2; מִנּ׳ וְעַד־עַתָּה Gn 46:34 (J), 2 S 19:8 Ez 4:14; מִנּ׳ וְעַד־הַיּוֹם הַזֶּה 1 S 12:2 Je 3:25; as time in or during which Lv 22:13 (H), Nu 30:4, 17 (P), La 3:27 ψ 144:12, fig. of Judah and Sam., personif., Ez 23:2, 8; cf. יְמֵי נ׳ (in fig. of Isr.) Ho 2:17 (|| יוֹם עֲ֜לוֹתָהּ מֵאֶרֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם), Ez 16:22, 43, 60; 23:19; other phr. are: אַלּוּף נ׳ Je 3:4 friend of my youth, cf. Pr 2:17, עֲוֹנוֹת נ׳ Jb 13:26, חַטֹּאות נ׳ ψ 25:7, חֶסֶד נ׳ Je 2:2, חֶרְפַּת נ׳ 31:19, זִמַּת נ׳ Ez 23:21, שְׁדֵי נ׳ v 21, בַּעַל נ׳ Jo 1:8, and especially אֵשֶׁת נ׳ Pr 5:18 Mal 2:14, 15 Is 54:6 (fig.); בְּנֵי נ׳ ψ 127:4 sons of (a man’s) youth; = youthful vigour ψ 103:5.

†[נְעוּרוֹת S TWOT^, GK^, ] n.[f.]pl. id.;—only מִנְּעֻרֹתֵיהֶם Je 32:30 (fig. of nation).

†ii. [נַעֲרָה S^, TWOT GK^{, ,} ] n.pr.loc. on border of Ephr.:—only c. ה loc., נַעֲרָ֫תָה Jos 16:7 (G αἱ κῶμαι αὐτῶν; GL id. + Αναραθα); appar. = נַעֲרָן, q.v. infr.; Νοοραθ lay 5 Rom. miles from Jericho Lag ^{283, 11} cf. Buhl ¹⁸¹.

†iii. נַעַרָה n.pr.f. in Judah 1 Ch 4:5, 6⁽⁾; G Θωαδα, A Νοορα, GL Νοερα.

†נַעֲרַי S GK n.pr.m. one of David’s heroes, נ׳ בֶּן־אֶזְבָּ֑י 1 Ch 11:37; G Νααραι, A Νοορα, GL Ναραι ( = פַּעֲרַי הָאַרְבִּי 2 S 23:35).

†נְעַרְיָה S GK n.pr.m. 1. a descendant of David 1 Ch 3:22, 23, G Νωαδεια, GL Νεαριου. 2. a Simeonite 1 Ch 4:42; G id., GL Νααριας (cf. Sinait. n.pr. נערת Cook⁸²).

†נַעֲרָן S GK n.pr.loc. in E of Ephr., 1 Ch 7:28 (G Νααρναν, A Νααραν, GL &#