†[פָּלַג S TWOT GK] vb. split, divide (NH chiefly in secondary meanings and deriv.; Arabic فَلَجَ (falaja) divide, split; Aramaic פְּלֵיג, ܦܠܰܓ (plag) divide; Ethiopic ፈለግ (falag) ravine, stream; Assyrian palgu, canal);—Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִפְלְגָה Gn 10:25 1 Ch 1:19 was divided (earth). Pi. 1. Pf. 3 ms. פִּלַּג Jb 38:25 cleave a channel for rain. 2. Imv. ms. פַּלַּג (Ges ^{52 n}) ψ 55:10 divide their speech (their counsels).

†i. פֶּ֫לג n.m. ψ 65:10 (cleft) channel, (artif.) canal;—usually pl. פְּלָגִים Is 30:25 ( + יִבְלֵי־מָ֑יִם); cstr. פַּלְגֵי־מַיִם ψ 1:3, sim. Is 32:2 Pr 21:1, metaph. 5:16, of tears La 3:48 ψ 119:136; פְּלָגָיו ψ 46:5 (i.e. irrigating canals from river, metaph.); פַּלְגֵי־שָׁ֑מֶן Jb 29:6 (fig. of prosperity); sg. פֶּלֶג אֱלֹהִים ψ 65:10, poet. of channel for rain (cf. Jb 38:25).

†ii. פֶּ֫לֶג S^, TWOT GK^, n.pr.m. son of Eber, Φαλεκ, GL Φαλεγ: Gn 10:25; 11:17, 18, 19 1 Ch 1:19, 25, פָּ֑לֶג Gn 11:16.

†[פְּלַגָּה S TWOT GK] n.f. 1. stream. 2. division;—pl. פְּלַגּוֹת: 1. streams Jb 20:17. 2. divisions, sections of tribe, פ׳ cstr. Ju 5:15, 16 (read perhaps פְּלֻגּוֹת, v. following), > streams.

†[פְּלֻגָּה S^, TWOT^, GK] n.f. division ( = מַחֲלֹקֶת q.v.), of priests, for service;—pl. cstr. פְּלֻגּוֹת 2 Ch 35:5.

†[מִפְלַגָּה S TWOT GK] n.f. id.; pl. abs. מִפְלַגּוֹת 2 Ch 35:12.

פִּלֶ֫גֶשׁ S TWOT GK, פִּילֶ֫גֶשׁ₃₇ n.f. concubine (NH id.; T פִּילַּקְתָּא (פַּלְקְתָא), perhaps influenced by Gk. παλλακή, παλλακίς (proposes young girl), Lat. pellex; orig. Gk. word according to Sta^{. i. 380}, cf. also Lewy ^{66 f.}; on poss. Hittite origin v. Jen ^{xlviii (1894), 468 ff.});—פִּ׳ abs. 2 S 3:7, cstr. 21:11, פִּי׳ abs. Gn 36:12 Ju 19:1, cstr. Gn 35:22 + 4 times; sf. פִּילַנְשׁוֹ 22:24 +, שֵׁהוּ- Ju 19:24; שִׁי- 20:4 + 2 times; pl. פִּלַגְשִׁים 2 S 5:13 + 2 times, פִּי׳ Gn 25:6 + 5 times; cstr. פִּלַגְשֵׁי 2 S 16:21, 22; sf. פִּילַגְשָׁיו 2 Ch 11:21, פִּלַגְשֶׁיךָ 2 S 19:6, פִּלַגְשֵׁיהֶם Ez 23:20;— 1. concubine Gn 22:24; 25:6; 35:22; 36:12 Ju 8:31; 19:1 + 10 times Ju 19, 20, 2 S 3:7⁽⁾ + 7 times 2 S, 1 K 11:13 1 Ch 1:32 + 6 times Ch, Est 2:14 Ct 6:8, 9. 2. either = paramour (perhaps contempt.; ὁ πάλλαξ = youth), or < concubinage Ez 23:20 (fig. of Jerusalem doting on Babylon).

†[פְּלָדָה S TWOT GK] n.f. usually iron, steel (origin dub.; steel in Arabic is فُولَاذٌ, فَالُوذٌ (fūlāḏun, fālūḏun), but Vulg.Ar. بُولَاد (būlād); Syriac ܦܘܠܕ (pwld) (in Lexx); loan-wd.from Pers. پُولَاد (pūlād) according to Lag^{. Abh. 75}, cf. Nö ^{xxx (1876), 769}, but uncertain, cf. Now and reff.);—pl. [abs.!] בְּאֵשׁ־פְּלָדֹת הָרֶכֶב Na 2:4 < כָּאֵשׁ פִּלְדֹת וגו׳ We Now, like fire the steel (fittings) of the chariots.

†פִּלְדָּשׁ S GK n.pr.m. Nahorite Gn 22:22, Φαλδας.

†[פָּלָה S TWOT GK] vb.Niph. be separated, distinct (|| form of פלא q.v.; cf. Arabic فلو, فَلَا (flw, falā) separate from sucking, wean; Ethiopic ፈለየ (falaya) separate, distinguish);— 1. Pf. 1 pl. consec. וְנִפְלִינוּ Ex 33:16 and we shall be distinct, c. מִן pers. 2. 1 s. נִפְלֵיתִי ψ 139:14 I am wonderful (viz. in bodily stature etc.); < Vrss Hup-Now Bae We -תָּ thou [י׳] art wonderful (פלא 3). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִפְלָה ψ 4:4, וְה׳ consec. Ex 9:4; 1 s. וְהִפְלֵיתִי consec. 8:18; Impf. 3 ms. יַפְלֶה 11:7; Imv. ms. הַפְלֵה ψ 17:7;—of י׳, make separate, c. acc. Ex 8:18 (by treating differently); set apart ψ 4:4, but perhaps read חֶסֶד לִי (for MT חָסִיד לוֹ), hath made wonderful (his) kindness to me (Dy Gr Che We Du [Bae ‘perhaps’]), so 17:7 (cf. 31:22); distinguish between, בֵּין rei, Ex 9:4, בֵּין pers. 11:7.

†i. פְּלֹנִי S TWOT GK pron. a certain one; Gk. ὁ, ἡ δεῖνα (according to Thes from above √, through an unused noun פָּלֹן, proposes one defined, a particular one: NH id.; Aramaic ܦܠܳܢ (plon), f. ܦܠܳܢܺܝܬܳܐ (plonito); Arabic فُلَانُ (fulānu) W ^{i. § 353 R. c}, voc. فُلُ (fulu) Siegf ^{xxvii. 355}; Assyrian pulpul Hpt ^{i. 114}), always joined with אַלְמֹנִי (proposes one not mentioned) in the sense of ‘ein gewisser verschwiegener’ (Ew ^{106 c, 2} Sta ^{150 b}), ‘a certain unnamed one,’ i.e. such a one; Ru 4:1 שְׁבָה־פֹּה פְּלֹנִי אַלְמֹנִי sit down here, such a one (Gk. ὦ οὗτος; Arabic يَا فُلُ (yā fulu)); in the phr. מְקוֹם פ׳ א׳ the place of such a one = such and such a place, 1 S 21:3 2 K 6:8. From פ׳ א׳ arose by contraction (or conflation, Perles ⁸²) פַּלְמֹנִי †Dn 8:13 ויאמר … לַפּ׳ הַמְדַבֵּר to that certain one who spake.—ii. פְּלֹנִי v. p. 813.

†[פָּלַח S TWOT GK] vb. cleave (Arabic فَلَحَ (falaḥa) cleave; Aramaic פְּלַח (usually), ܦܠܰܚ (plaḥ), are till, work, serve [ = עָבַד]);—Qal Pt. פֹּלֵהַ ψ 141:7 of cleaving, ploughing, בָּאָרֶץ (|| בקע). Pi. Impf. 1. cleave open, through, 3 ms. יְפַלַּח of piercing kidneys Jb 16:13, liver Pr 7:23 (both fig.); וַיְּפַלַּח אֶל 2 K 4:39 of cutting up (fruit) into pot. 2. cause to cleave open, 3 fpl. יַלְדֵיהֶן תְּפַלַּחְנָה Jb 39:3 of animals bringing forth young, read perhaps תְּפַלַּטְנָה (21:10).

†פֶּ֫לַח S TWOT GK n.f. Jb 41:16 cleavage, mill-stone (mill cleft betw. the stones? cf. GFM^Ju; T פִּלְחָא);—פ׳ abs. Jb 41:16, elsewhere cstr.;— 1. mill-stone, פ׳ רֶכֶב mill-stone of riding, i.e. upper stone, wh. is turned (cf. רֶכֶב), Ju 9:53 2 S 11:21; פ׳ תַּחְתִּית Jb 41:16 lower mill-stone (sim. of hardness). 2. cleavage, split hance slice פֶּלַח הָרִמּוֹן Ct 4:3 = 6:7 sim. of human temple (from colour; cf. Wetzstein in Del ^{Excurs. A}); also פֶּלַח דְּבֵלָה slice of fig-cake 1 S 30:12.

†פִּלְחָא S GK (Baer פִּלְחָה) n.pr.m. post-exilic name Ne 10:25; Φαδαεις, GL Φαλλαει.

†[פָּלַט S TWOT GK] vb. escape (NH id.; Ph. in n.pr.; Arabic فلت (flt) iv. escape, Vulg.Ar. فلط (flṭ); Old Aramaic פלט Pa. rescue, T פְּלַט, Syriac ܦܠܰܛ (plaṭ));—Qal Pf. 3 pl. consec. וּפָֽלְטוּ Ez 7:16 and (if) escapers of them escape. Pi. causat.: Impf. 3 ms. sf. יְפַלְּטֵם; 2 ms. תְּפַלֵּט Mi 6:14, etc.; Imv. ms. פַּלְּטָה ψ 17:13, etc.; Pt. sf. מְפַלְּטִי 18:3 +;— 1. bring into security Mi 6:14; especially of י׳, deliver, c. acc. pers., ψ 22:5, 9; 31:2; 37:40; 71:2 ( + הִצִּיל), 82:4; 91:14; + מִן from 2 S 22:44 = ψ 18:44, ψ 18:49 (מוֹצִיא || 2 S 22:49), 17:13; 37:40; 43:1; 71:4; pt. c. sf., my deliverer 2 S 22:2 = ψ 18:3, ψ 40:18; 70:6; 144:2. 2. cause to escape, cast forth, of cow calving Jb 21:10 (cf. [מָלַט] Hiph., also T vomit out, and so ܦܰܠܶܛ (paleṭ)). 3. appar. intrans. be delivered, c. מִן Jb 23:7, but dub.; Bu Qal (‘perhaps’); G Du read מִשְׁפָּטִי as obj. (but elsewhere י׳ subj. of Pi.). Hiph. bring into security; Impf. 3 ms. יַפְלִיט Is 5:29 of Assyria, under fig. of lion, carrying off prey (opp. הִצִּיל); 2 ms. תַּפְלִיט Mi 6:14 (cf. Pi. 1).

†פֶּ֫לֶט S GK n.pr.m. 1. 1 Ch 2:47, Φαλεκ[γ, τ]. 2. 1 Ch 12:3, Ιωφαλητ, Φαλετ, etc.—Vid. בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט.

i. פַּלְטִי S^, GK^, adj.gent. v. בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט.

†פַּלֵט n.[m.] deliverance (si vera l., proposes Inf. of foregoing);—רָנֵּי פ׳ ψ 32:7 shouts of deliverance (dub., v. Comm.); עַל־אָוֶן פַּלֶּט־לָ֑מוֹ 56:8, read פַּלֶּס־ (Ew Hup al.) for (their) iniquity weigh to them (retribution), or עַל־אָוֶן אֵין פַּלֶּט־ Bae.

†פָּלִיט S TWOT GK n.m. Am 9:1 escaped one, fugitive;—פ׳ abs. 2 K 9:15 +; pl. cstr. פְּלִיטֵי Ju 12:4 +; sf. פְּלִיטָיו Ob 14, etc.;—Am 9:1 2 K 9:15 Gn 14:13 Ez 24:26, 27; 33:21 ( + מִן loc.), v 22; שָׂרִיד וּפ׳ Jos 8:22 Je 42:17; פ׳ וְשָׂרִיד 44:14 La 2:22; c. genit. subj. Ju 12:5 fugitives of Ephr. (del. in v 4, see GFM), so c. sf. Ez 6:9; 7:16 Ob 14; c. genit. obj., escaped of, i.e. from Is 45:20, so פְּלִיטֵי חֶרֶב Je 44:28 Ez 6:8.

†[פָּלֵיט S TWOT^, GK^, ] n.m. id.;—pl. פְּלֵיטִם Nu 21:29 (as appos., or adj.), ים—ִ Is 66:19; פְּלֵטִים Je 44:14, + מִן from 50:28; 51:50.

†פְּלֵיטָה S TWOT GK n.f. escape (on form cf. Ba ^{144, 166});—abs. פ׳ Gn 32:9 +, פְּלֵטָה Ex 10:5 +; cstr. פְּלֵיטַת 2 K 19:30 +;— 1. escape, deliverance Gn 45:7 (E) Je 25:35. 2. elsewhere prob. always escaped remnant: a. of green things (from locusts) Ex 10:5 (J) Jo 2:3. b. of pers. Gn 32:9 (J) Ju 21:17 Is 15:9 Je 50:29 1 Ch 4:43 2 Ch 12:7; 20:24; 30:6 Ezr 9:8 Dn 11:42; + מִפְּנֵי 2 S 15:14. c. specif. of those of Judah escaped from Assyrian 2 K 19:30, 31 ( + מִן) = Is 37:31, 32, cf. Is 10:20; from Bab. Ne 1:2 Ezr 9:13, 14, 15, cf. Ez 14:22; after י׳’s future judgment Is 4:2 Ob 17 Jo 3:5.

†ii. פַּלְטִי S^, GK^, n.pr.m. Φαλτει (perhaps abbrev. from פַּלְטִיאֵל);— 1. Benjamite Nu 13:9. 2. second husband of Michal 1 S 25:44 ( = פַּלְטִיאֵל 2 S 3:15).

†פִּלְטָ֑י S GK n.pr.m. priest Ne 12:17, Φελητει, etc.

†פַּלְטִיאֵל S GK n.pr.m. Φαλτ(ε)ιηλ: 1. Nu 34:26. 2. 2 S 3:15 ( = פַּלְטִי 1 S 25:44), GL Φαλτιου.

†פְּלַטְיָ֫הוּ S GK, פְּלַטְיָה S GK n.pr.m. Φαλτιας, Φαλεττι(α), etc.:— 1. -יָהוּ, a prince of people Ez 11:1, 13. 2. -יָה, grandson of Zerub. 1 Ch 3:21, perhaps = Ne 10:23. 3. -יָה, Simeonite 1 Ch 4:42.

†יַפְלֵט S GK n.pr.m. Asherite (on form cf. Ba ^{144, 166});—1 Ch 7:33⁽⁾, also v 32 (Gi יַפְלָט); Ιφαμηλ, Αφαληκ, etc., A Ιαφαλητ.

†יַפְלֵטִי S GK adj.gent. c. art. as n. coll. הַיּ׳ the Japhlites Jos 16:3, family or clan on SW. border of Ephraim; Απταλειμ, A Ιεφαλθι, GL Ιεφλητι.

†מִפְלָט S TWOT GK n.[m.] escape (Hup Bae) or place of escape (We Du);—ψ 55:9 si vera l.; G Che מְפַלֵּט deliverer.

פְּלִי, פְּלָיָה S GK v. פלא.

פלך TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic فَلَكَ (falaka) ii. be round (especially hemispherical), فَلْكَةٌ (falkatun) whirl of spindle, so Assyrian pilakku; NH = BH; T פֶּלֶךְ circuit, district; Assyrian also pilku, district).

†פֶּ֫לֶךְ S TWOT GK^, n.[m.] 1. whirl of spindle. 2. district (proposes circle, circuit);—abs. פ׳ 2 S 3:29, פָּ֑לֶךְ Pr 31:19; cstr. פֶּלֶךְ Ne 3:9 +; sf. פִּלְכּוֹ v 17;— 1. whirl of spindle, 2 S 3:29 (prob., v. Dr), Pr 31:19 (|| כִּישׁוֹר). 2. district, Ne 3:9, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17⁽⁾, 18.

[פָּלַל S TWOT GK^, ]₈₄ vb. prob. intervene, interpose (hence both arbitrate, judge, and intercede, pray, cf. Dr 1 S 2:25; NH פלל (rare), נתפלל, pray, פִּילּוּל act of prayer, פְּלִילָה judicial matter;—otherwise We ^{(2), 126} who conj. der. for הִתְפַּלֵּל from Arabic فَلَّ (falla) notch edge (of sword, etc.), i.e. cut oneself in worship);—†Pi. mediate, judge: Pf. 3 ms. consec., arbitrate, sf. וּפִלְלוֹ 1 S 2:25 (but read prob. 3 pl. וּפִלְלוּ We Dr al., word-play with יִתְפ׳ foll.); 2 fs. פִּלַּלְתְּ Ez 16:52 mediate for (ל pers.) viz., through thine own sins; 1 s. פִּלָּ֑לְתִּי Gn 48:11 (E; poss. denom. from פליל) I did not judge (have the opinion, expect) to see, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְפַלֵּל ψ 106:30 (abs.) he interposed (by slaying offender). Hithp.₈₀ Pf. 3 ms. הִתְפַּלֵּל 1 K 8:42; 1 s. הִתְפַּלָּ֑לְתִּי 1 S 1:27, etc.; Impf. יִתְפַּלֵּל ψ 32:6 +; יִתְפַּלֶּל־ 1 S 2:25; 1 s. אֶתְפַּלָּ֑ל ψ 5:3, etc.; Imv. הִתְפַּלֵּל Nu 21:7 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִתְפַּלֵּל Ez 10:1 +, etc.; Pt. מִתְפַּלֵּל Je 42:4 +, etc.;— 3. specif. intercede (with י׳), c. בעד, on behalf of Gn 20:7 Nu 21:7 (E) Dt 9:20 1 S 12:23 + 6 times; c. לְ, 1 S 2:25; אֶל־יהוה Nu 11:2; 21:7 (JE) Dt 9:26; c. בעד + אל־יהוה 1 S 7:5 Je 29:7 + 4 times; אל־האלהים Gn 20:17 (E); c. על for pers. 2 Ch 30:18 Jb 42:8. 4. gen. pray, c. אֶל, unto idol Is 44:17; 45:20; unto Israel v 14; בוֹא אל־מקדשׁ להתפ׳ 16:12. 5. pray (to י׳), abs. 1 K 8:33 2 K 6:17 Ezr 10:1 Dn 9:20 2 Ch 6:24; 7:1, 14, c. אֶל־י׳ 1 S 1:26; 8:6 2 K 4:33; 6:18; 20:2 = Is 38:2 = 2 Ch 32:24, + 10 times; הִתְפ׳ תפלה אֶל־י׳ 2 S 7:27 1 K 8:54; על יהוה 1 S 1:10 (read אֶל); לִפְנֵי 1 S 1:12 1 K 8:28 + 5 times; c. לְ Dn 9:4; c. אֶל of thing prayed for 1 S 1:27; c. אֶל against 2 K 19:20 = Is 37:21 (read עַל); עַל־זֹאת because of this 2 Ch 32:20 ψ 32:6; c. אֶל loc.: אֶל־הַמָּקוֹם 1 K 8:29, 30, 35 = 2 Ch 6:20, 21, 26; אֶל־הַבַּית 1 K 8:42 = 2 Ch 6:32; c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ הָעִיר 1 K 8:44 = 2 Ch 6:34; דֶּרֶךְ אַרְצָם 1 K 8:48 = 2 Ch 6:38. 6. of poetical, liturgical prayer, abs. 1 S 2:1, c. אֶל Jon 2:2.

תְּפִלָּה S TWOT GK₇₇ n.f. prayer;—ת׳ Is 1:15 +, cstr. תְּפִלַּת ψ 80:5 +; sf. תְּפִלָּתִי 4:2 +, etc.; pl. תְּפִלּוֹת 72:20;— 1. a. prayer, 1 K 8:38 = 2 Ch 6:29, Is 1:15 ψ 35:13; 80:5 +. b. pray a prayer, הִתְפ׳ ת׳ 2 S 7:27 1 K 8:54 (cf. v 28, 29 = 2 Ch 6:19, 20); דִּבֶּר בַּתּ׳ Dn 9:21; specif. of intercession, נשׂא ת׳, c. בְּעַד in behalf of 2 K 19:4 = Is 37:4 Je 7:16; 11:14. c. ת׳ אֶל־אֱלֹהִים 2 Ch 33:18, לְאֵל ψ 42:9, cf. 69:14; c. vb. + לפני 88:3; 141:2; תּ׳ תְּקַדְּמֶ֑ךָּ 88:14. d. בית ת׳ Is 56:7⁽⁾ house of prayer (temple); c. vb. + אֶל־י׳ + אל־היכל Jon 2:8; c. vb. + למעון קדשׁו 2 Ch 30:27. e. hear prayer is ת׳ (אֶת־) שׁמע 1 K 8:45, 49 = 2 Ch 6:35, 39, 1 K 9:3 ψ 4:2; 39:13 + 9 times; שׁמע אֶל־ת׳ 1 K 8:28, 29 = 2 Ch 6:19, 20, Ne 1:6 Dn 9:17; פנה אל ת׳ 1 K 8:28 = 2 Ch 6:19, ψ 102:18; אָזְנֶיךָ קַשֻּׁבוֹת לת׳ 2 Ch 6:40; 7:15, cf. Ne 1:11 (אֶל), הַקְשִׁיבָה ת׳ ψ 61:2; הִקְשִׁיב בְּקוֹל ת׳ 66:19; הַאֲזִינָה ת׳ 17:1; 55:2; 86:6; לקח ת׳ 6:10; cf. 66:20; 102:18b. 2. in ψ-titles, poetic, liturgical prayer ψ 17:1; 86:1; 90:1; 102:1; 142:1 Hb 3:1; of Davidic Psalter, תפלות דוד ψ 72:20.

†פָּלָל S GK n.pr.m. a wall-builder Ne 3:25, Φαλαλ, א Φαλακ, A Φαλαξ, GL Φαλλη.

†[פָּלִיל S TWOT GK] n.m. judge; pl. פְּלִילִים Dt 32:31 our enemies being judges, umpires; עָוֹן פ׳ Jb 31:11, read עֲוֹן פ׳ according to Di Siegf, cf. De; < עָוֹן פְּלִילִי as v 28, so Bu Du; בִּפְלִלִים Ex 21:22, read perhaps בַּנְּפָלִים for the abortion Bu ^{xi (1891), 107}, cf. also Di-Ry.

†פְּלִילָה S TWOT GK n.f. office of judge or umpire;—עשׂי פ׳ (Qr עֲשׂוּ) Is 16:3 do an umpire’s office.

†פְּלִילִי S TWOT GK adj. for a judge, calling for judgment;—עָוֹן פ׳ Jb 31:28 (on v 11 see פָּלִיל; Kue ^{Ond. (2) 161} reads עֲוֹן פְּלִילִים in both v 11 and v 28).

†פְּלִילִיָּה S TWOT GK n.f. the giving a decision;—פ׳ Is 28:7 (of priests).

†פְּלַלְיָה S GK n.pr.m. (י׳ hath interposed);—priest Ne 11:12, Φαλ(λ)αλια(ς).

†אֶפְלָל S GK n.pr.m. in Judah 1 Ch 2:37⁽⁾, Αφαμηλ, etc., GL Ελφαελ.

פַּלְמֹנִי S TWOT GK v. i. פְּלֹנִי sub פלה.

†ii. פְּלֹנִי S TWOT GK, פְּלוֹנִי S GK adj.gent. erron.: c. art. הַפְּלוֹנִי 1 Ch 11:27; 27:10 read הַפַּלְטִי as 2 S 23:26 (v. בֵּית פָּ֑לֶט); הַפְּלֹנִי 1 Ch 11:36 read הַגִּלֹנִי, as 2 S 23:34.—i. פְּלֹנִי v. פלה.

פלס, פלשׂ (√ of foll.;? be even, balance).

†פֶּ֫לֶס S TWOT GK n.[m.] balance, scale;—lit. Pr 16:11, fig. Is 40:12 (in both || מֹאזְנַיִם).

†[פָּלַס S TWOT GK^, ] vb.Pi.denom. weigh, make level (Ph. פלס Pi. make level(?) in n.pr.);—Impf. 3 ms. יְפַלֵּס ψ 78:50; 2 mpl. תְּפַלֵּס֑וּן ψ 58:3 (v. infr.), etc.; Imv. ms. פַּלֵּס Pr 4:26; Pt. מְפַלֵּס 5:11;— 1. weigh out חֲמַס יְדֵיכֶם תּפ׳ ψ 58:3 (fig.; but read perhaps חָמָס יְדֵיכֶם תְּפַלֵּסְנָה violence do your hands weigh out, so G S T Bae Kau We). 2. make level, smooth (cf. Gerber ³²). c. acc. of path (fig.), מַעְגָּל Pr 4:26; 5:21 Is 26:7, נָתִיב ψ 78:50, אֹרַח Pr 5:6.

†[מִפְלָשׂ S TWOT GK] n.[m.] swaying, poising;—מִפְלְשֵׂי־עָב Jb 37:16; Bu (plausibly) מִפְרְשֵׂי, as 36:29.

†[פָּלַץ S TWOT GK] vb. Hithp. shudder;—Impf. 3 mpl. יִתְפַּלָּצוּן Jb 9:6 its (earth’s) pillars shudder.

†פַּלָּצוּת S TWOT GK n.f. shuddering;—פ׳ abs. Jb 21:6 Is 21:4 Ez 7:18 ψ 55:6.

†מִפְלֶ֫צֶת S TWOT GK n.f. horrid thing (thing to shudder at);—עָֽשְׂתָה מ׳ לַאֲשֵׁרָה 1 K 15:13 (of some abominable object of idolatry, not precisely known), so sf. מִפְלַצְתָּהּ v 13 = 2 Ch 15:16⁽⁾.

†[תִּפְלֶ֫צֶת S TWOT GK] n.f. shuddering, horror;—sf. תִּפְלַצְתְּךָ Je 49:16 horror at thee! (exclam.); not quite certain, v. Gie.

פלשׂ v. פלס.

†[פָּלַשׁ S TWOT GK] vb. Hithp. act of mourning, poss. roll in (dust, etc.; weakened from burrow into) (NH Pi. break open, or through; Assyrian palâšu, dig a hole; Syriac ܦܠܰܫ (plaš) dig or break through; but connexion dub., Vrss mostly besprinkle oneself, Aq roll oneself);—Pf. 1 s. עָפָר הִתְפַּלָּ֑שְׁתִּי Mi 1:10 Kt (Qr Imv. -פַּלָּ֑שִׁי, others mpl. -פַּלָּ֑שׁוּ); Impf. 3 mpl. בָאֵפֶר יִתְפַּלָּ֑שׁוּ Ez 27:30, so Imv. fs. הִתְפַּלְּשִׁי בָאֵפֶר Je 6:26 (cf. Mi 1:10 Qr); abs., mpl. הִתְפַּלְּשׁוּ 25:34.

†פְּלֶ֫שֶׁת S GK n.pr.terr. Philistia, poet. and late;—פְּלָ֑שֶׁת (ישְׁבֵי) Ex 15:14 (Φυλιστιειμ; elsewhere (οἱ) ἀλλόφυλοι), Jo 4:4, elsewhere פְּלֶשֶׁת Is 14:29, 31 ψ 60:10 = 108:10; 83:8; 87:4; Assyrian Palastu, Pilistu, COT Gn 10:14 Dl ^{288 f.} Gk. Παλαιστίνη Herod. ^{ii. 104, 106, vii. 89} Jos (also Φυλιστίνου); v. Rel ^{73 f.}

פְּלִשְׁתִּי S GK₂₈₈ adj.gent. Philistine, (οἱ) Φυλιστιειμ, and (not in Hex) (ὁ) ἀλλόφυλος, (οἱ) ἀλλόφυλοι;—only as subst.: הַפּ׳ the Philistine (Goliath) slain by David 1 S 17:8 + 27 times 17, 18:6; 19:5; 21:10; 22:10; one slain by Abishai 2 S 21:17; elsewhere pl. the Philistines₂₅₅, usually פְּלִשְׁתִּים without art., rarely הַפּ׳ 1 S 4:7; 7:13 + (especially c. prep. בַּפּ׳ v 13 +, and then perhaps due to punctuators), Gn 10:14 = 1 Ch 1:12, Gn 26:14, 15, 18 Ju 3:31 + 33 times Ju, 1 S 4:1⁽⁾ + 118 times 1 S, 2 S 1:20 + 28 times 2 S, +; אֶרֶץ פ׳ Gn 21:32, 34 + 12 times; שְׂדֵה פ׳ 1 S 6:1; 27:7, 11; מֶלֶךְ פ׳ Gn 26:1, 8; שָׂרֵי פ׳ 1 S 18:30 + 5 times; סַרְנֵי פ׳ Jos 13:3 Ju 3:3 + 13 times; יָם פ׳ Ex 23:31; אֱלֹהֵי פ׳ Ju 10:6.—Cf. כְּרֵתִי, ii. כַּפְתּוֹר. On Philistines v. also WMM ^{387 f.} Evans ^{Cretan Pictographs, 100 ff.} Schwally ^{xxxiv. 103 f., 255}.

†פֶּ֫לֶת S GK n.pr.m. 1. Reubenite Nu 16:1, Φαλεθ[κ]; read prob. פַּלּוּא (q.v.) so Gf Dr al. 2. Judahite 1 Ch 2:33, Θαλεθ, Φαλεθ[ατ].

†פְּלֵתִי S GK adj.gent. from unknown n.pr.; only c. art. as n. coll. with הַכְּרֵתִי (q.v.) of David’s guard 2 S 8:18; 15:18; 20:7, 23 1 K 1:38, 44 1 Ch 18:17.

פֶּן־₁₃₃ (always with Makkeph except Gn 38:23; 44:34 Dt 7:25; 32:27 [not Gi] , Is 27:3 Pr 25:8: Mandelkern ^{Conc. s. v.}) conj. (averting, or deprecating), lest (origin dub.: Thes Kö^{. 334} from פָּנָה, proposes subst. cstr. in accus. for the aversion of; but פָנָה is intrans.: Nö^{. 474} cps. the enclitic particle פּוֹן in T, then, ἄν, ‘etwa,’ thinking that a part. with the meaning ‘es möchte etwa,’ spoken in a tone of alarm, might readily acquire a deprecatory force);—lest: 1. with impf. Gn 3:3 ye shall not eat thereof … פֶּן־תְּמֻתוּן lest ye die, 11:4 let us build a city פֶּן־נָפוּץ lest we be scattered, 19:15, 17, 19; 38:23; 45:11 Ex 1:10; 23:29, 33 etc., 2 K 10:23 (sq. יֵשׁ), Is 6:10; 27:3; 28:22; 48:5, 7 ψ 2:12; 7:3 etc.; often after הִשָּׁמֶר־לְךָ take heed to thyself Gn 24:6; 31:24, and especially in Dt, as 4:9, 23; 6:12; 8:11 al.; after a vb. of fearing Gn 32:12, and once, even, of swearing Ju 15:12; deprecating pathetically, Gn 44:34 how shall I go up, etc.? lest I look upon the evil that willbefal my father. Once, unusually, preceding the principal clause, Pr 5:6 אֹרַח חַיִּים פֶּן־תְּפַלֵּס lest she should make level the path of life, her ways are unstable, etc. (Ew Be Now; v. also Toy). Note especially a. the idiom פֶּן־ (אָמַרְתִּי) כִּי אָמַר for he (I) said, Lest …, implying always that some precaution has been taken to avert the dreaded contingency, †Gn 26:9 for I said, Lest I die on account of her (to obviate which, Isaac had called Rebecca his sister), 31:31; 38:11; 42:4 Ex 13:17 Nu 16:34 1 S 13:19; 27:11 (לֵאמֹר), ψ 38:17; with כי אמר implied Gn 26:7; cf. with an aposiop., 3:22 and now, lest he put forth his hand, etc. (implying that measures are taken to prevent this, see v 23): cf. Tob 8:9. b. פֶּזִ־ at the beginning of a sentence, with a dissuasive force, (Beware) lest: †Is 36:18 פֶּן־יַסִּית אֶתְכֶם חזקיהו (beware) lest H. deceive you (|| 2 K 18:32, כִּי), Ex 34:15 Dt 29:17⁽⁾ (sq. יֵשׁ), Je 51:46 Jb 32:13; 36:18. 2. with Pf., the result feared being conceived as having possibly already taken place; †2 S 20:6 pursue after him, פֶּן־מָצָא לוֹ … וְהִצִּיל lest he have found him fenced cities, etc. (but the tense of והציל makes יִמְצָא prob., Dr Bu Kö^{. 486}), 2 K 2:16 פֶּן־נְשָׂאוֹ רוּחַ י׳ וַיַּשְׁלִכֵהוּ וגו׳.

†פַּנַּג S TWOT GK n.[m.] unknown word, appar. some kind of food; חִטֵּי מִנִּית וּפ׳ וּדְבַשׁ וגו׳ Ez 27:17; Vrss conject.; Co proposes וְדוֹנַג, so Hoffm ¹⁵ Krae Berthol (‘perhaps’).

פָּנָה S TWOT GK^, ₁₃₅ vb. turn (NH id.; Syriac ܦܢܳܐ (pno), T פְּנָא; Ethiopic ፈነወ (fannawa) Arabic فَنِى (fanī) pass away, banish; cf. Sab. פנה (variously) e.g. CIS ^{iv. 1, 37, 40}; Assyrian pânu, face, Ph. פנם, MI 13, 18; לפני, sf. מפני l ¹⁹);—Qal₁₁₇ Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Je 6:4 +, 2 ms. פָּנִיתָ 2 S 9:8, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְנֶה 1 S 13:17 +, וַיִּ֫פֶן Ex 2:12 +, 3 fs. וַתֵּ֫פֶן 1 K 10:13, 1 s. וָאֵ֫פֶן Dt 9:15; 10:5, 1 pl. וַנֵּ֫פֶן 2:1 +, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּנֵה ψ 25:16 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּנֹה Hg 1:9; cstr. לִפְנוֹת Gn 24:63 +, etc.; Pt. פֹּנֶה Dt 29:17 +, etc.;— 1. †a. turn toward, אֶל pers., lit., Ju 6:14 Is 13:14 = Je 50:16, Jb 21:5 (i.e. attentively); cf. of branches Ez 17:6 (in allegory); c. עַל of direction Gn 24:49; fig. c. אֶל־י׳ (in worship), Is 45:22, other gods Ho 3:1 Dt 31:18, 20 Lv 19:4; for help Lv 19:31; 20:6 Jb 5:1; אֶל־אָוֶן 36:21; c. acc. הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִפְנֶה Ez 10:11; c. ה loc. 1 K 17:3 Dt 2:3 ( + לָכֶם dat. eth.), Ct 6:1; c. דֶּרֶךְ 1 S 13:18⁽⁾ Jb 24:18, אֶל־ד׳ Ju 20:42 1 S 13:17; fig. לְדֶרֶךְ Is 53:6; 56:11; c. acc. כֹּל אֲשֶׁר־יִפְנֶה 1 S 14:47, so, + שָׁם, fig. 1 K 2:3, i.e. whatever thou undertakest, אֶל־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר יִפְנֶה Pr 17:8. †b. turn from, מִן loc. Gn 18:22, fig., of heart, c. מֵעִם י׳ Dt 29:17, abs. = turn away 30:17; in phr. פ׳ עֹרֶף turn (with the back (cf. ראה עֹרֶף Je 18:17), + לִפְנֵי, Jos 7:12 (of flight), fig., + אֶל־י׳, Je 2:27; 32:33. c. turn and do a thing, Ex 7:23; 32:15 Nu 14:25 (E) 21:33 (JE) Dt 1:7, 24 Ju 18:21 1 K 10:13 + 17 times; to do a thing (inf.) †Ec 2:12. †d. turn, decline, of day Je 6:4, days of life ψ 90:9. †e. turn toward, approach, of evening, לִפְנוֹת עָ֑רֶב Gn 24:63 Dt 23:12; of morning, לִפ׳ (הַ)בֹּקֶר Ex 14:27 Ju 19:26 ψ 46:6 (fig.). † 2. a. turn and look, look, lit., אֶל pers. Nu 12:10 2 Ch 20:24; 26:20, וַיִּפֶן כֹּה וָכֹה Ex 2:12; c. לְמָ֑עְלָה Is 8:21; abs. look (back) 2 Ch 13:14; c. אַחֲרֵי look behind one (and see, or say), Jos 8:20 Ju 20:40 2 S 1:7; 2:20 2 K 2:24, look after another Ez 29:16 (fig. for seek alliance with); c. אֶל of direction Ex 16:10 Nu 17:7. b. of inanimate things, face, c. אֶל loc. Jos 15:7, usually of facing points of compass, c. ה loc. 1 K 7:25⁽⁾ = 2 Ch 4:4⁽⁾, Jos 15:2 Ez 8:3; 46:19, but also c. קָדִים 43:17; 44:1; 46:1, 2; 47:8, cf. 43:1. c. especially fig. look at, אֶל־ pers., regard, (1) graciously 2 S 9:8; of י׳ Ez 36:9 Lv 26:9 2 K 13:23 ψ 40:5, + חָנַן 25:16; 69:17; 86:16; 119:132; c. אֶל־תְּפִלָּה 1 K 8:28 = 2 Ch 6:19, ψ 102:18, אֶל־מִנְחָה Nu 16:15 Mal 2:13; (2) sternly, אֶל־קְשִׁי הָעָם Dt 9:27. d. look for (אֶל rei) = except Hg 1:9. e. fig. look at, consider ( + ב) Jb 6:28 Ec 2:11.—2 Ch 25:23 v. פִּנָּה. †Pi. Pf. 3 ms. פִּנָּה Zp 3:15, etc.; Imv. mpl. פַּנּוּ Is 40:3 + 2 times;—turn away, put out of the way, c. acc. pers. Zp 3:15 (|| הֵסִיר); hence make clear, c. acc. הַבַּיִת, i.e. clear away things scattered about, make orderly, Germ. ‘aufräumen,’ Gn 24:31; empty it Lv 14:36; fig., c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ make clear, free from obstacles, Is 40:3; 57:14; 62:10 Mal 3:1; acc. om. clear away (ground) before it, i.e. to plant it ψ 80:10 (fig.). †Hiph. (especially Je) Pf. 3 ms. הִפְנָה Je 48:39, 3 fs. הִפְנְתָה 49:24, etc.; Impf. וַיֶּ֫פֶן Ju 15:4; Inf. cstr. sf. הַפְנֹתוֹ 1 S 10:9; Pt. מַפְנֶה Na 2:9;— 1. turn, c. acc. וַיֶּפֶן זָנָב אֶל־זָנָב Ju 15:4, עֹרֶף Je 48:39 (cf. הפך Jos 7:8), שִׁכְמוֹ לָלֶכֶת 1 S 10:9. 2. make a turn, shew (signs of) turning, + נָסוּ Je 46:21, לָנוּס 49:24; opp. נָסוּ 46:5, cf. Na 2:9 + אֶל pers. 47:3. †Hoph. Imv. mpl. הָפְנוּ Je 49:8 (Ges ^{46 a, N.}) be ye turned back! (in flight, + נֻסוּ); Pt. מָפְנֶה צָפ֫וֹנָה Ez 9:2 the gate … which is faced northward (cf. Qal 2 b).

[פָּנֶה S^, TWOT GK], pl. פָּנִים S TWOT GK₂₁₂₃ n.m. Pr 25:23 and (Ez 21:21 = edge; on 2 S 10:9 v. infr.) f. face, also faces (as turned toward one);—pl. abs. פָּנִים Gn 32:31 +; cstr. פְּנֵי 2 S 14:32 +; sf. 1 s. פָּנַי Gn 43:3 +; 3 ms. פָּנָיו Gn 4:5 +, פָּנֵ֑ימוֹ ψ 11:7 (Kö^{. 1, 446}); 2 mpl. פְּנֵיכֶם Gn 40:7 +, etc.;—usually c. vb. pl., Gn 4:5, 6 Ex 33:14 +; c. vb. sg. La 4:16 (through influence of intervening י׳, Ges ^{146 a}), Pr 15:14 (but read פִּי, as Qr, v. פֶּה);—I. 1. face, faces (Je 30:6 Ez 27:35 +, cf. 1:6; 10:14, 21 etc.): a. lit., of man Gn 43:31 2 S 19:5 1 K 19:13 Lv 13:41 Dn 8:18; 10:9, 15 +; עוֹר פ׳ Ex 34:29, 30, 35; pale (from alarm) Is 29:22 Je 30:6, flushed Is 13:8 Ez 21:3, cf. Na 2:11 Jo 2:6; tearful Is 25:8 Jb 16:16; sad, פ׳ רעים Gn 40:7, cf. Ne 2:2, 3, also רֹעַ פ׳ Ec 7:3 i.e. sadness; יֵיטִב פ׳ Pr 15:13 maketh glad the face; נָֽפְלוּ פָנֶיךָ Gn 4:5, 6 why is thy face fallen (in displeasure), cf. 1 S 1:18 (reading נָֽפְלָה, נָֽפְלוּ, or הִפִּילָה); covered with shame Ez 7:18; whence fig. of confusion, discomfiture Je 51:51 ψ 69:8; 83:17, etc. b. of י׳ Ex 33:20, cf. v 23. c. פָּנִים אֶל־פָּנִים face to face, of seeing (God) Gn 32:31, cf. Ju 6:22, knowing Dt 34:10, judging Ez 20:35, speaking Ex 33:11, and so פ׳ בְּפ׳ Dt 5:4; נִתְרָאֶה פָנִים 2 K 14:8 see each other (in the) face = meet each other in battle, cf. v 11 = 2 Ch 25:17, 21. d. of relations with י׳: הֵרִים פ׳ Ezr 9:6, in worship (v. also נשׂא); in spiritual sense Je 2:27; 32:33 (פָּנָה אֵלַי עֹרֶף וְלֹא פָנִים); נָתַן פ׳ לִדְרוֹשׁ י׳ 2 Ch 20:3; נָתַן אֶת־פ׳ אֶל־אֲדֹנָי Dn 9:3; הַבָּנִים קְשֵׁי פָנִים Ez 2:4. e. of י׳ himself, לֹא יָסִיר פָּנִים מִכֶּם 2 Ch 30:9; פְּנֵי י׳ בְּעֹשֵׂי רָ֑ע ψ 34:17; גַּעֲרַת פָּנֶיךָ 80:17.—Vid. further sub 7. 2. a. = presence, person, of י׳ Ex 33:14, 15, בְּפָנָיו Dt 4:37, מַלְאַךְ פָּנָיו Is 63:9; לֶחֶם הַפָּנִים, v. לֶחֶם; of י׳ in anger La 4:16 ψ 21:10; 139:7; of Absalom 2 S 17:11; in weakened sense, nearly = sf. (cf. נפשׁ 4 a), ψ 42:12; 43:5 Pr 7:15. †b. c. ראה technically, see one’s face, i.e. appear before one, in one’s presence: before a man Gn 32:21 ( + 3 other uses of פ׳), (God, c. יראה pointed as Niph., v. II 2); especially as privilege, = have access to, man of rank Gn 43:3, 5; 44:23, 26, king Ex 10:28⁽⁾ cf. v 29 (all J), 2 S 14:24⁽⁾, 28, 32 cf. 3:13⁽⁾; רֹאֵי פְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ 2 K 25:19 = Je 52:25, Est 1:14; implying favour of person seen, man Gn 33:10 (J), God v 10, cf. Jb 33:26 (Hiph.), and, c. חזה, ψ 11:7; 17:15. 3. face of seraphim Is 6:2, cherubim Ex 25:20⁽⁾ = 37:9⁽⁾, Ez 1:8, 11 2 Ch 3:13 +. 4. face of animals, פְּנֵי הַצֹּאן Gn 30:40; פ׳ אַרְיֵה וּפ׳ שׁוֹר ופ׳ נֶשֶׁר Ez 1:10 (in descr. of cherubim), cf. 10:14; פ׳ אַרְיֵה also 1 Ch 12:8 (fig.), פ׳־כְפִיר Ez 41:19; פִּתְחֵי פ׳ Jb 41:6 of crocodile. 5. face ( = surface) of ground (הָאֲדָמָה) Gn 2:6; 4:14; 7:4 ψ 104:30 +, so פ׳ הָאָרֶץ Gn 1:29; 7:3; 8:9; 11:4, 8, 9; 19:28 Is 24:1, פ׳ תֵבֵל Is 14:21; 27:6; of a field Pr 24:31; פ׳ תְהוֹם Gn 1:2⁽⁾ Jb 38:30, פ׳ הַמַּיִם Gn 7:18; פ׳ רְקִיעַ הַשָּׁמַיִם 1:20; פ׳־כִסֵּה Jb 26:9 i.e. of God’s throne (but Bu reads כֶּסֶה fullmoon); פ׳ הַלּוֹט Is 25:7 v. [לוּט]; פ׳ לְבוּשׁוֹ Jb 41:5 the expanse of his [the crocodile’s] coat; front (especially Ezek.), of house Ez 41:14; 47:1, פ׳ הַקֹּדֶשׁ 41:21; of gate 40:6, 20, 22; 42:15; 43:4; of chamber 40:44⁽⁾, 45, 46; of pot (סִיר) Je 1:13; פ׳ הַמִּלְחָמָה 2 S 10:9 battle-front = 1 Ch 19:10 (vb. agrees with הַמּ׳ in gender, Ges ^{146 a}); = van of locust-army Jo 2:20 (opp. סֹפוֹ); front, i.e. edge, of sword Ez 21:21, of axe Ec 10:10; = condition, state of a thing, as denoted by its appearance; of flock Pr 27:23; פ׳ הַדָּבָר 2 S 14:20 the appearance (situation, attitude) of the affair. 6. as adv.loc. מִפָּנִים וּמֵאָחוֹר 2 S 10:9 before and behind = פ׳ וְא׳ 1 Ch 19:10, also Ez 2:10 2 Ch 13:14; פְּנֵי toward Ct 7:5, also in front (to the East?) of 2 Ch 20:16 (v. לִפְנֵי d infr.); לְפָנִים forward Je 7:24 (opp.) לְאָחוֹר); מִלִּפְנִים 1 K 6:29 v. פְּנִימָה; adv.temp. לְפָנִים formerly Dt 2:12, 20 Jos 11:10 Ju 1:10, 11, 23 + 12 times; מִלְּפָנִים Is 41:26 from beforetime (|| מֵרֹאשׁ). 7. for other phrases see: אוֹר vb. Hiph. 5; אוֹר n. 10; בּוֹשׁ Hiph.; בקשׁ Pi. 3; בֹּשֶׁת 1, p. 102; [הַכָּרָה], p. 648; הָדַר 2; זָעַם Niph.; זָעַף 1; חָבַשׁ 1 a; I. חָדָה; I. חָוַר; חָזַק Pi. 5; II. חלה; IV. חמר; חָפָה; טָחָן; יָעַד Hoph.; יְשׁוּעָה 3, p. 447; כּוּן Hiph. 3; כִּפֶּר 1, p. 497; כָּסָה Pi. 1, 2; מָאוֹר, p. 22; מְגַמָּה p. 169; i. מוּל; מַשּׂא, p. 673; [נָבַט] Hiph. 3; נֶגֶד 1, 2 c; נֹכַח; נָכַר Hiph.; נָפַל 3 b, and Hiph. 5; נָשָׂא 1 b (3); נָתַן 2 b; סָבַב Hiph. 1 a; סָתַר Hiph. 2; סֵתֶר 2 a; עַז, עָזַז Hiph.; עָמַד Hiph. 6 a; ii. עֻמָּה; [צָרַב]; [קָדַם] Pi.; שִׂים; שׁוּב Hiph.; שִׁית; II. שָׁנָה Pi.; תֹּפֶת I. עֵבֶר 2.

II. פְּנֵי, with prepositions:— 1. אֶל־פְּנֵי: a. to the presence of, Ex 23:17 pregn. יֵרָאֶה … אֶל־פְּנֵי הָאָדוֹן shall appear (coming to the presence of ( = before) י׳ (|| 34:23 אֶת־פְּנֵי הָא׳); c. יָצָא = to confront 2 Ch 19:2. b. to the front of, after a vb. of motion, Lv 6:7 הַקְרֵב אֹתָהּ … אֶל־פְּנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ, 9:5; 16:2 Nu 17:8; 20:10. c. towards or on the front of (אֶל = עַל: see p. 41), Ez 41:4, 12, 15, 25; 42:2, 3, 7, 10, 13; 45:7; 48:21. d. on to the surface of, Lv 14:53 וְשִׁלַּח … אֶל־פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה, Ez 16:5.

† 2. אֶת־פְּנֵי close by (II. אֵת) the face or front of: hence a. in the presence of, 1 S 2:11 אֶת־פ׳ עֵלִי 1 K 12:6 who stood אֶת־פ׳ שְׁלֹמֹה (cf. לִפְנֵי 10:8), Est 1:10 Pr 17:24; pregn. (nisi וַיַּנִּחֵם leg., S T We Dr al.) 1 S 22:4. Spec. אֶת־פְּנֵי י׳ Gn 19:13 (1 S 2:17), v 27 1 S 2:18; and with נִרְאָה of the appearance of all males at the three annual חַגִּים, Ex 34:23 יֵרָאֶה כָּל־זְכוּרְךָ אֶת־פ׳ הָאָדֹן, v 24 Dt 16:16 (cf. Dr), 31:11 1 S 1:22 (|| אל־פ׳ י׳ Ex 23:17); so פָּנַי alone Ex 23:15 = 34:20 (לֹא יֵרָאוּ פָנַי רֵיקָם), Is 1:12, פָנֶיךָ ψ 42:3 (according to many, as Ges Di Ex 23:15 Che Is 1:12, crit. n., the vb. in all these passages was originally Qal, afterwards pointed as Niph. to avoid the expression see the face of י׳); אֶת־פָּנֶיךָ in thy presence ψ 16:11; 21:7; 140:14. b. in front of, Gn 33:18 וַיִּחַן אֶת־פ׳ הָעִיר, Lv 4:6 לִפְנֵי י׳ אֶת־פ׳ פָרֹכֶת הַקֹּדֶשׁ, v 17.—מֵאֵת פְּנֵי from before, v. II. אֵת 4 a.

3. בִּפְנֵי: †(a) in the face of, mostly in partic. phrases, with hostile import: thus, with יָרַק to spit Nu 12:14 Dt 25:9; התיצב to make a stand Dt 7:24; 11:25, and עמד Jos 10:8, לֹא יַעֲמֹד אִישׁ בְּפָנֶיךָ 21:42; 23:9; עָנָה to answer (give evidence) against, Ho 5:5 וענה גאון ישׂראל בפניו, 7:10 Jb 16:8; וְנָקֹטּוּ בִּפְנֵיהֶם = feel loathing against their own selves, Ez 6:9, so 20:43; 36:31. †(b) in front of, Ez 42:12.

4. לִפְנֵי, proposes at the face or front of, the most general word for in the presence of, before: as Gn 18:22 עֹמֵד לִפְנֵי אַבְרָהָם, Ex 4:21; 11:10 2 S 2:14 Pr 17:18 + often; after a vb. of motion, Gn 47:2 וַיַּצִּיגֵם לפני פ׳ and set them before Ph., 27:20 כִּי הִקְרָה י׳ לפני lit. made (it) to meet before me (cf. 24:12), Ex 29:10 Pr 18:16 etc. In partic.,

a. With the implication of (a) under the eye or oversight of, Dt 25:2 1 S 3:1. (b) under the eye and regard of, Gn 17:18 לוּ יִשְׁמָעֵאל יִחְיֶה לְפָנֶיךָ, Ho 6:2 Is 53:2 ψ 61:8; cf. Je 30:20; 31:36 Is 66:22 ψ 102:29: also 1 S 2:28 2 S 19:14. (c) fig. for in (or into) the full (mental) view of, Gn 6:13 קֵץ כָּל־בָּשָׂר בָּא לְפָנַי is come in before me, La 1:22 תָּבֹא כָל־רָעָתָם לְפָנֶיךָ, Jon 1:2 עָֽלְתָה לְפָנַי (cf. אֶל Gn 18:21 Ex 2:23), Is 65:6 כְּתוּבָה לְפָנָ֑י, Je 2:22 נִכְתָּם עֲוֹנֵךְ לְפָנַי (cf. נֶגְּדִּי Is 47:12). (d) openly before, 1 S 12:2 הִתְהַלֵּךְ לִפְנֵי, and with collat. idea of deserving (and receiving) regard 2:35, especially לפני י׳ Gn 17:1 al. (v. p. 236a). (e) in presence of the moon or sun, ψ 72:5, 17, i.e. as long as they endure. (f) free before, at the disposal of, Gn 13:9 הֲלֹא כָל־הָאָרֶץ לְפָנֶיךָ (cf. 20:15; 34:10; 47:6 Je 40:4 2 Ch 14:6), 24:51 Ct 8:12. (g) in the sight (estimation) of, Gn 7:1 thee have I seen to be just before me, 10:9 a mighty hunter before י׳, Dt 24:4 תּוֹעֵבָה ל׳ י׳, v 13 צְדָקָה ל׳ י׳, 1 S 20:1b, אָרוּר ל׳ י׳ Jos 6:26 1 S 26:19, לְרָצוֹן ל׳ י׳ acceptable before י׳, Lv 1:3 +, ψ 19:15; 2 K 5:1 a great man לִפְנֵי אֲדֹנָיו, Pr 14:12 ψ 143:2; וַיִּיטַב ל׳ (late syn. of earlier בְּעֵינֵי) †Ne 2:5, 6 Est 5:14; טוֹב ל׳ Ec 2:26; 7:26; cf. also נָתַן לְרַחֲמִים לִפְנֵי, v. רַחֲמִים. (h) לִפְנֵי י׳, spec. of acts done with a solemn sense of י׳’s presence, often, but not always, at a sanctuary: Gn 27:7 that I may eat and bless thee before י׳, before I die, Ex 18:12 to eat bread before God, Dt 1:45 ye wept before י׳, 6:25; 12:7 (to eat, so v 18 14:23, 26; 15:20), v 12 (rejoice, so v 18 27:7 Is 9:2), Jos 18:6; 24:1 Ju 11:11; 20:23, 26; 21:2 1 S 7:6; 10:19; 11:15; 12:7; 15:33; 23:18 2 S 5:3; 7:18; 21:9; and constantly in P, as Ex 16:9, 33, 34 Lv 1:5, 11; 3:1, 7 etc.; of residents in Jerus. Is 23:18. So in הָלַךְ ל׳ י׳ 1 K 2:4 al. (v. p. 234b c).

b. In other phrases:—(a) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand before, i.e. wait upon, be in attendance on, Dt 1:38 al. (v. עָמַד 1 e). Simil. הָיָה לִפְנֵי 1 S 19:7 (cf. 29:8), 2 K 5:2; עָבַד ל׳ 2 S 16:19. (b) הִשְׁתַּחֲוָה לִפְנֵי to bow down before Gn 23:12 Dt 26:10 2 K 18:22 al. (v. sub שָׁחָה; also נָפַל 3 b): so with הִתְפַּלֵּל to pray 1 S 1:12 +; cf. הלך לפני 1 K 12:30 1 Ch 21:30. (c) to be smitten (נִגַּף) before a foe; v. נָגַף Niph. [contrast נוּס מִפְּנֵי: infr. 6 a]. So with נָפַל 1 S 14:13; נָתַן (in helplessness or flight), especially in Dt, as 1:8, 21; 7:2, 23 Jos 10:12; 11:6 + (Dr ^{Dt lxxxii}): cf. Ju 4:15 2 S 5:20 Is 45:1 Je 1:17. (d) עָמַד לִפְנֵי to stand (make a stand) before (not quite so strong as ע׳ בִּפְנֵי, supr. 3), Ex 9:11 Ju 2:14 2 K 10:4 Je 49:19 ψ 76:8; 147:17 Na 1:6; so with הִתְיַצֵּב Dt 9:2 Jos 1:5 Jb 41:2, קוּם Jos 7:12, 13. (e) in hostile sense (rare), יָצָא לִפְנֵי go forth to face 1 Ch 14:8 2 Ch 14:9. (f) לִפְנֵי (נָתַן) שִׂים, of food, to set or place before, Gn 18:8; 24:33 +. (g) נָתַן לִפְנֵי to set before, i.e. propound for acceptance or choice, usually of laws (especially Dt Je), Dt 4:8; 11:26, 32; 30:1, 15, 19 1 K 9:6 (D²), Je 9:12; 21:8; 26:4; 44:10 Dn 9:10, cf. Ez 23:24 (place at disposal of): so with שִׂים Ex 19:7; 21:1.

c. With reference to position: (a) in front of, before, especially with vbs. of motion (with which נֶגֶד is hardly used), Gn 32:21 בַּמִּנְחָה הַהֹלֶכֶת לְפָנָ֔י that goeth before me, 33:14 the cattle אֲשֶׁר לְפָנַי, Ex 17:5; 23:20 etc.; in the description of a march or procession, Ex 13:21, 22 Nu 10:33 Is 52:12; 58:8 +; 2 S 3:31 and wail before Abner (before his bier); of flocks before a shepherd Gn 32:18; of captives or booty driven before a conqueror 1 S 30:20 (read וַיִּנְהֲגוּ לְפָנָיו We Dr), Is 8:4; 40:10 = 62:11 וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ לְפָנָיו his recompence (i.e. his newly-recovered people, regarded as his prize of war) before him, Am 9:4 La 1:5, 6. (b) of a leader, etc. = at the head of, Dt 10:11 Ju 9:39 1 S 8:20 Mi 1:13 al.; cf. בא ויצא לפני (העם) Nu 27:17 1 S 18:13, 16 2 Ch 1:10; Ec 4:16 before whom (at whose head) he was. (c) denoting superiority, before, above, Gn 48:20 וַיָּשֶׂם את־אפרים לפני מנשׁה, Jb 34:19.

d. Of places (not very common): Ex 14:2 before Pi-haḥiroth …, before Baal-ẓephon, Nu 33:7b, Gn 23:17 אשׁר ל׳ מַמְרֵא (usually על פני מ׳: v. 7 a d), 1 Ch 19:7 Ne 8:1, 3; before the temple, veil, altar, etc., Ex 16:34 + ל׳ הָעֵדֻת, 30:6 + ל׳ הַפָּרֹכֶת, 40:5, 6 Nu 3:38; 7:10 al. (all P), 1 K 6:20(?), 21; 7:49 +.

e. Of time, before: Am 1:1 לפני הָרָֽעַשׁ׃ before the earthquake, Gn 29:26; 30:30 לְפָנַי before me (i.e. before I came to thee), Ex 10:14 לפניו לא היה כן before it there was not the like, Nu 13:22 1 K 16:25, 30 מִכֹּל אֲשֶׁר לְפָנָיו, Is 43:10; 48:7 Pr 8:25 Jb 15:7 etc. Sq. inf., Gn 13:10 לִפְנֵי שַׁחֵת י׳ before י׳’s destroying, etc., 27:7 לִפְנֵי מוֹתִי, 36:31 1 S 9:15 +. Once, in late Heb., לִפְנֵי מִזֶּה before this Ne 13:4.

f. In the manner of, like (rare and dub.), 1 S 1:16 אַל־תִּתֵּן אֶת־אֲמָֽתְךָ לִפְנֵי בַת־בִּלִיַּעַל like a worthless woman, Jb 3:24 like my food, 4:19 they are crushed like the moth (cf. Lat. pro).

5. מִלִּפְנֵי₇₃ from before:—a. from the presence of (properly, from a position before a person or object: to be distinguished from מִפְּנֵי; v. 6): (a) Gn 41:46 ויצא יוסף מִלִּפְנֵי פ׳ from before Ph. 47:10 2 K 5:27; 6:32 +; מל׳ י׳ Gn 4:6 Cain went forth from before י׳, Jon 1:3, 10; spec. of the sanctuary, Lv 9:24 ותצא אשׁ מלפני י׳ (so 10:2), קֶצֶף Nu 17:11 (cf. 2 Ch 19:2), with לָקַח etc. Lv 16:12 Nu 17:24; 20:9, 1 S 21:7 the shew-bread that was removed from before י׳; from before a place 1 K 8:54 Ezr 10:6 2 Ch 1:13. (b) of taking, etc., from before a person, Gn 23:4 to bury my dead from before me, v 8 Ex 36:3 Dt 17:18 וכתב לו מִשְׁנֵה התורה הזאת מל׳ הכהנים from (the copy) before the priests, 28:31 גָּזוּל מלפניך. (c) with בקשׁ Est 4:8 [cf. מִן קֳדָם Dn 2:18]; and to express the idea of proceeding from a person, Est 1:19 [cf. Dn 2:15], Ec 10:5; 1 Ch 29:12 הָעשֶׁר והכבוד מלפניך (cf. Acts 3:19); ψ 17:2 מלפניך יֵצֵא משׁפטי. (d) of cutting off, etc., from before י׳ (cf. לִפְנֵי a b, c), Lv 22:3 1 K 8:25 לֹא־יִכָּרֵת לְךָ אִישׁ מִלְּפָנַי, Je 31:36; 33:18 Is 48:19: ψ 51:13 אַל־תַּשְׁלִיכֵנִי מִלְּפָנֶיךָ (cf. 8 a); Je 16:17 לֹא נִסְתְּרוּ מִלְּפָנַי, 18:23 Ne 3:37. (e) of expelling from before an invader, Ex 23:28 Dt 9:4; 11:23; 31:3 + (but much less common than מִפְּנֵי).

†b. (Chiefly late) to express the source or cause, with the force of the לְ weakened, in cases where the earlier language would have used מִפְּנֵי: with vbs. of fearing, 1 S 18:12 Ec 3:14; 8:12, 13; 1 Ch 16:30 חִילוּ מִלְּפָנָיו [|| ψ 96:9 מפניו], ψ 114:7⁽⁾; Est 7:6; 2 Ch 32:7 ( + מפני); failing, etc., Is 57:16 ψ 97:5; being humbled, 1 K 21:29 ( + מפני), 2 Ch 32:12, 23; 34:27 [|| 2 K 22:19 מפני], 36:12; crying for help 1 S 8:18 [cf. מפני Ex 3:7], singing 1 Ch 16:33 [|| ψ 96:13 לפני], fleeing 19:18 [|| 2 S 10:18 מִפְּנֵי]. †c. of time, once, = לִפְנֵי Ec 1:10. With later usages of מל׳, cf. מִן קֳדָם in Biblical Aramaic and T (Dr ^{lxx–lxxi, lxxiii}); v. also Kö^{. 320}. Cp. מִלְּפָנִים Is 41:26 (|| מֵרֹאשׁ).

6. מִפְּנֵי from the face or presence of, from before, Ex 14:19 וַיִּסַּע עמוד הענן מִפְּנֵיהֶם removed from before them, Is 30:11 Ho 11:2; so a. (often with suggestion of causation (v. מִן 2 d, e, f), because of, for fear of [so AV RV Ju 9:21 1 S 21:11; 23:26 Je 35:11⁽⁾ 37:11; 41:9; 50:16]) after vbs. of hiding Gn 3:8; 4:14 Is 2:10 (cf. v 19, 21); and especially of escaping, Ju 9:21 (Thes ‘bene B ob metum A.’), 1 S 18:11; 19:10; 23:26, or fleeing, Ex 4:3; 14:25 1 S 17:24 + often (v. בָּרַח and נוּס), and expelling, destroying, etc. Ex 23:30 אֲגָֽרְשֶׁנּוּ מִפָּנֶיךָ I will expel them from before thee, 34:11, 24 אוֹרִישׁ גּוֹיִם מִפָּנֶיךָ (v. הוֹרִישׁ), Lv 18:24 Dt 8:20 Am 2:9 ψ 89:24 + often (as though clearing the way for Israel, for Israel’s sake: cf. Is 63:12 בּוֹקֵעַ מַיִם מִפְּנֵיהֶם, Jos 2:10; 4:23). Pregn. Is 17:9 כַּעֲזוּבַת … אשׁר עזבו מפני בני ישׂר׳ which they forsook (fleeing) from before, etc. b. implying causation more distinctly, ψ 9:4 יאבדו מפניך perish from before thee or at thy presence, Dt 7:20: very often with vbs. of fearing, as גור, יגר, חיל, ירא, ערץ, פחד, קוץ Ex 9:30 Nu 22:3⁽⁾ Dt 1:17 Je 5:22 etc. (mostly when the object inspiring fear is a person: when it is a thing, מִן alone is preferred; but see Dt 5:5; 9:19); of being alarmed or dismayed Gn 45:3 Jos 2:9 Je 1:17 Jb 23:15, etc.; of humbling oneself Ex 10:3 Ju 11:33 +; with other words, to indicate the external ground of an action or effect, as הַס מִפָּנָיו be silent at (i.e. because of) his presence Zp 1:7 Hb 2:20; Ju 5:5 the mts. flowed מפני י׳ at the presence of י׳, Is 63:19 Je 4:26 Na 1:5, ψ 68:3 as wax melteth מפני אשׁ; Dt 20:19; Is 19:1; 26:17 כן היינו מפניך so were we through thy presence (more than לפניך,—implying that their state was due to י׳); קום מפני to rise up at the presence of Gn 31:35 Lv 19:32. (N.B. In a, b, freq. rendered before in AV RV, and so confused with לפני; but the מִן retains always its full force in the Heb.) c. of the cause, whether nearer or more remote: (a) Gn 6:13 מָֽלְאָה הָאָרֶץ חָמָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם because of them (i.e. occasioned by them), 27:46 I loathe my life because of the daughters of Heth, 36:7 the land could not support them because of their cattle, 41:31; 47:13 Ex 3:7 their cry by reason of their task-masters, 8:20 תִּשָּׁחֵת הָאָרֶץ מִפְּנֵי הֶעָרֹב, 9:11 Jos 2:11; 23:3 Ju 2:18; 6:6 1 K 5:17; 8:11 + often; Is 10:27 (RVm), Je 15:17 ψ 38:4, 6, etc.; Je 4:4 + מִפְּנֵי רֹעַ מַעַלְלֵיכֶם by reason of the evil of your doings, 7:12; 9:6; 13:17; 14:16; 23:9 + often (b) stating the reason for which a thing is not done (Lat. prae), 1 K 8:11 Jb 37:19. †(c) with אֲשֶׁר as a conj., twice, because that, Ex 19:18 Je 44:23.—Nu 33:8 v. פִּי הַחִירֹת.

7. עַל־פְּנֵי (cf. Ph. עַל פְּןֵ, עלת פְּןֵ, Lzb³⁵²) has different meanings according to the different senses of the noun and the prep.:—

a. From the sense of face or front: (a) in front of (more definite and distinct than לפני): ψ 18:43 as dust before the wind (cf. לפני 35:5; 83:14 + ), Gn 32:22 the present passed on על־פניו in front of him, Ex 33:19 אעביר כל־טוּבי על־פניך, 2 S 15:18, 23 (read על־פניו: v. Dr), Jb 4:15; = in the sight of, Lv 10:3 ועל־פני כל העם אֶכָּבֵד, Je 6:7 עַל־פָּנַי תָּמִיד חֳלִי וּמַכָּה, 13:26 (cf. Na 3:5), ψ 9:20 יִשָּֽׁפְטוּ גוים על־פניך before thee: defiantly, Jb 1:11 אם־לא על־פניך יְרָֽרְכֶךָּ will renounce thee to thy face, 6:28 ועל־פניכם אם אֲכַזֵּב, 21:31; to die in the presence of any one ( = in his lifetime) †Gn 11:28 Nu 3:4. (b) before, to the exclusion of another, i.e. in preference to, Dt 21:16, and perhaps (Ew ^{217 l}) Ex 20:3 (Dt 5:7) לא יהיה לך אלהים אחרים על־פני (Thes al. as c). (c) in addition to, Jb 16:14 פֶּרֶץ עַל־פְּנֵי־פֶרֶץ יִפְרְצֵנִי. (d) of localities, in front of, mostly (but not always: v. GFM Ju., p. 351) = east of, 1 K 6:3 the porch in front of, etc., v 3 7:6; 8:8 2 Ch 3:17 Ez 42:8; Gn 16:12 על־פני כל־אחיו ישׁכן (cf. 25:18b), perhaps (Di al.) with collateral idea of defiance; עַל־פ׳ מַמְרֵא 23:19 (50:13), Ex 16:14; often in אשׁר על־פני … Gn 25:9 (49:30), מצרים v 18a (Jos 13:3 1 S 15:7), Nu 21:11; 33:7a, ירחו Dt 32:49 (34:1), Jos 13:3, 25; 15:8 (18:16), 17:7; 18:14; 19:11 Ju 16:3 1 S 24:3 (prob.), 26:1, 3 2 S 2:24 1 K 11:7 (the Mt. of Olives, E. of Jerus.; so 2 K 23:13 Zc 14:4), 17:3, 5.—Gn 1:20 let fowl fly על־פני רקיע השׁמים in front of the firmament of heaven, viz. as looked up to from below, i.e. between the firmament and the earth. (e) with vbs. implying direction, over towards, Gn 18:16 וישׁקף על־פני סדם, 19:28; Nu 21:20 (23:28) נשׁקפה על־פני הישׁימן overlooking; to sprinkle against the front of Lv 16:14; in a hostile sense (rare), Na 2:2 עָלָה מֵפִיץ עַל־פָּנַיִךְ, ψ 21:13 Ez 32:10.

b. From the sense of surface, Gn 1:2 על־פני תהום upon the face of the deep, Ex 16:14 על־פ׳ המדבר: often in the phrases הארץ (כל) על־פני Gn 1:29; 7:3; 11:4, and (more freq.) על־פני האדמה on the face of the ground 6:1; 7:23 etc.; על פני השׂדה Lv 17:5 Nu 19:16 1 S 14:25 +; after vbs. of motion, 11:4 lest we be scattered over the face of all the earth, v 8, 9 Ex 32:20 Lv 14:7 (v 53 אל), Is 18:2; 19:8 Am 5:8 Ez 32:4 Jb 5:10 +.

8. מֵעַל־פְּנֵי: a. from before the face of, Gn 23:3 Abraham rose up מֵעַל פְּנֵי מֵתוֹ from before his dead, i.e. from mourning before or beside it; †(פניו) מֵעַל פני from before my (his) face, often in K Je of the rejection of Isr. or the temple, as with שִׁלַּח 1 K 9:7 (|| 2 Ch 7:20 השׁליך), Je 15:1, השׁליך 2 K 13:23; 24:20 (Je 52:3), Je 7:15, נטשׁ Je 23:39, הסיר 2 K 17:18, 23; 23:27; 24:3 Je 32:31. b. from off the surface of, often in the phrase מֵעַל פְּנֵי הָאֲדָמָה, with verbs of cutting off, removing, expelling, etc., †Gn 4:14; 6:7; 7:4; 8:8 Ex 32:12 Dt 6:15 1 S 20:15 1 K 9:7; 13:34 Am 9:8 Je 28:16 Zp 1:2, 3.

†פְּנִ֫ימָה S TWOT GK adv. (ה loc.) 1. towards the (in-) side. 2. within (lit. faceward, from point of view of one entering by opposite door);—of a building, usually temple: 1. after vb. of motion Lv 10:18 2 Ch 29:18, and (after הִגִּיד) 2 K 7:11, also לִפ׳ Ez 41:3 2 Ch 29:16. 1. פ׳ 1 K 6:18, also לִפ׳ v 30, so read also v 29 (for MT מִלִּפְנִים, v. Kmp Kit Benz), Ez 40:16⁽⁾, also ψ 45:14 MT, i.e. within the house, but Krochm Gr Che al. (plausibly) פְּנִינִים, q.v.; מִפּ׳ 1 K 6:19, 21 = 2 Ch 3:4.

פְּנִימִי S TWOT GK₃₂ adj. inner;—פ׳ 1 K 6:27 +; f. פְּנִימִית v 36 +; mpl. פְּנִימִים 1 Ch 28:11; fpl. פְּנִימִיּוֹת 2 Ch 4:22;—always c. art., and always of parts of building, usually temple: 1 K 6:27; 7:12 +; especially Ez 8:3, 16; 10:3 + 21 times 40–46; as subst. בַּפְּנִימִי 41:17 on the inside (but dub., v. Co al.); אֶל־הַפְּנִימִית 42:4 toward the inside (del. G S Co Toy al.).

לִפְנָ֑י 1 K 6:17, Ew ^{164 a} Ke as adj., anterior, but read, with G, לִפְנֵי הַדְּבִיר Th Sta Kit al..

†פְּנוּאֵל S GK^, n.pr. (face of God, cf. GFM Ju 8:8; late Assyrian Panîli Hilpr ^{ix. 68});—Φανουηλ, but in Gn εἶδος (τοῦ) Θεοῦ: 1. loc. E. of Jordan, near Jabboḳ Gn 32:32 Ju 8:8⁽⁾, 9, 17 1 K 12:25 = פְּנִיאֵל Gn 32:31: site unknown; v. especially Paine^{Bib. Sac. 1878, 481 ff.} 2. m. a. in Judah 1 Ch 4:4. b. in Benjamin 1 Ch 8:25 Qr (Kt פניאל).

יְפֻנֶּה S GK₁₆ n.pr.m. (on form cf. Lag ¹³⁴);— 1. father of Caleb Nu 13:6; 14:6 Jos 14:6, 13 1 Ch 4:15 + 10 times, Ιεφοννη. 2. Asherite 1 Ch 7:38, Ιφινα, A Ιεφιηλ, GL Ιεφοννη.

פִּֽנְחָס v. פִּינְחָס.

פְּנוּאֵל S GK^, , פְּנִיאֵל S GK^, v. פנה.

פניים v. פְּנִינִים.

פָּנִים S TWOT GK, etc., v. פנה.

פנן TWOT (√ of foll.; appar. || form of פנה).

פִּנָּה S^, TWOT GK₂₈ n.f. corner;—abs. פ׳ 2 K 14:13 +, cstr. פִּנַּת Je 31:40 +; sf. פִּנָּתָהּ Jb 38:9, פִּנָּהּ Pr 7:8 (Ges ^{91 e}); pl. פִּנּוֹת abs. Zp 1:16 2 Ch 26:15, פִּנִּים Zc 14:10; cstr. פִּנּוֹת 1 K 7:34 +, etc.;— 1. a. corner, of square objects 1 K 7:34 + v 30 (read פִּנּוֹתָיו for פַּעֲמֹתָיו, cf. Kit), Ex 27:2; 38:2 Ez 43:20; 45:19; of house Jb 1:19, roof Pr 7:12; 21:9 = 25:24; אֶבֶן לְפ׳ Je 51:26 i.e. a corner-stone; אֶבֶן פ׳ of earth Jb 38:9; cf. (fig.) ψ 118:22, and (אבן om.) Is 28:16; פ׳ = street-corner 2 Ch 28:24. b. specif. of wall of Jerus., Ne 3:24 (in SE.), v 31, 32 (NE.); שַׁעַר הַפּ׳ 2 K 14:13 + || 2 Ch 25:23 G S T and most (for MT שׁ׳ הַפּוֹנֶה), + (v. שַׁעַר); הַפִּנּוֹת appar. with battlements 2 Ch 26:15; of cities in gen. הַפּ׳ הַגְּבֹהוֹת Zp 1:16; of the nations 3:6. 2. fig. of chief, ruler as corner (support or defence), Ju 20:2 1 S 14:38 Is 19:13 (read perhaps pl.); Zc 10:4 ( + יָתֵד q.v.).

†פְּנִינִים S TWOT GK n.[f.]pl. corals (? as branching, cf. Arabic فَنَنٌ (fananun) branch of tree; so Mich Thes al.; > pearls Bo ⁶⁰¹ Di Jb after Ra al.);—פ׳ fig. of value Pr 20:15; usually מִפּ׳, comp. Jb 28:18 Pr 3:15 (Kt מפניים), 8:11; 31:10 (all of value), La 4:7 (of red colour); + ψ 45:14 (perhaps; for פְּנִימָה, q.v.).

†פְּנִגָּה n.pr.f. (proposes sg. of foregoing?) wife of Elkanah 1 S 1:2⁽⁾, 4, Φεννανα.

†[פָנַק] vb. Pi. indulge, pamper (NH Pi.; cf. Ecclus 14:16; Arabic فَنَقَ (fanaqa) ii.; Aramaic פנק, ܦܢܩ (pnq) Pa.);—Pt. מְפַנֵּק Pr 29:21 one pampering a servant.

[פַּס S^, TWOT^, GK] v. פסס.

פַּס דַּמִּים S GK v. אֶפֶס ד׳.