†I. פָּרַץ S TWOT GK vb. break through (NH id.; J.Aram פְּרַץ id.; perhaps Assyrian parâṣu (v. Dl); Arabic فَرَصَ (faraṣa) cut, slit, also hit);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פָּרַץ 2 S 5:20 +; 2 ms. sf. פְּרַצְתָּנוּ ψ 60:3, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרֹץ Ex 1:12; 19:22, יִפְרָץ־ v 24, וַיִּפְרֹץ Gn 30:30 +, etc.; Inf. abs. פָּרֹץ Is 5:5; cstr. פְּרֹץ 2 Ch 31:5, פְּרוֹץ Ec 3:3; Pt. act. פֹּרֵץ Mi 2:13 Ec 10:8; pass. fs. פְּרוּצָה 2 Ch 32:5 Pr 25:28; mpl. פְּרֻצִים Ne 4:1, + הֵם פְּרוּצִים 2:13 Qr (> Kt המפרוצים);—break through: 1. break or burst out, from womb Gn 38:29 (J; c. acc. cogn.); from enclosure Mi 2:13. 2. break through, down (from without), c. acc. גָּדֵר Is 5:5 ψ 80:13; 89:41 Ec 10:8; חוֹמָה Ne 3:35 2 Ch 26:6, cf. pt. pass. Ne 2:13; 2 Ch 32:5; c. בְּחוֹמָה = make a breach in 2 K 14:13 = 2 Ch 25:23; עִיר פְּרוּצָה Pr 25:28; abs., opp. בָּנָה Ec 3:3; הַפֹּרֵץ Mi 2:13; הַפְּרוּצִים Ne 4:1 the part broken down. 3. break into, c. acc. בֵּית י׳ 2 Ch 24:7. 4. break open, a mining shaft Jb 28:4. 5. break up, break in pieces, c. acc. מַעֲשֶׂיךָ 2 Ch 20:37 (|| וַיִּשָּֽׁבְרוּ אֳנִיּוֹת). 6. break out (violently) upon, of י׳ in sudden judgment, c. acc. pers. 2 S 5:20 = 1 Ch 14:11, ψ 60:3; c. ב pers. Ex 19:22, 24 (J), 1 Ch 15:13, so of plague ψ 106:29; of י׳, c. acc. cogn. פֶּרֶץ + ב pers. 2 S 6:8 = 1 Ch 13:11; c. acc. cogn. + sf. Jb 16:14. 7. use violence, abs. Ho 4:2. 8. break over [limits], increase, וַיִּפְרֹץ לָרֹב Gn 30:30 (J), 1 Ch 4:38; + ה loc. Gn 28:14 (J); abs. 30:43 (J), Ex 1:12 (J; + רָבָה), Ho 4:10 Is 54:3, פָּרַץ בָּאָרֶץ Jb 1:10. 9. burst open, intrans., of wine-vats Pr 3:10 (c. acc. mat. תִּירוֹשׁ). 10. spread, i.e. become known, of הַדָּבָר 2 Ch 31:5.—1 Ch 13:2 is prob. corrupt, v. Kau, who (after SS) conj. נֶחֱרָצָה; פ׳ in 2 Ch 11:23 is appar. distribute (c. מִן partit.), but dubious.—1 S 28:23 2 S 13:25, 27 2 K 5:23 v. פצר. Niph. Pt. אֵין חָזוֹן נִפְרָ֑ץ 1 S 3:1 no vision spread abroad (i.e. general, or frequent, cf. Qal 10; || דְּבַר י׳ הָיָה יָקָר), but text dubious. Pu. Pt. f. מְפרָ֑צֶת Ne 1:3 broken down. Hithp. Pt. pl. הַמִּתְפָּֽרְצִים 1 S 25:10 slaves who break away, each from (מִפְּנֵי) his master.

†i. פֶּ֫רֶץ S^{, ,} TWOT GK^, n.m. Jb 30:14 bursting forth, breach; abs. פ׳ Ju 21:15 +, פָּ֑רֶץ Gn 38:29 +; cstr. פֶּרֶץ 2 S 5:20 +; pl. פְּרָצִים Am 4:3 +, פְּרָצוֹת Ez 13:5, sf. פִּרְצֵיהֶן Am 9:11 (פְּרָצֶיהָ We Now);— 1. bursting forth, outburst, of water 2 S 5:20 = 1 Ch 14:11; from womb Gn 38:29 (J). 2. breach in wall Am 4:3 1 K 11:27 Ne 6:1 ψ 144:14; Jb 30:14; so (c. גָּדַר, i.e. repair) Am 9:11 Is 58:12; fig. of effort to avert calamity, עָלָה בַּפְּרָצוֹה Ez 13:5 (|| גָּדַר), עָמַד בַּפֶּרֶץ 22:30 (|| id.), cf. ψ 106:23, by instruction and (especially) intercession. 3. broken wall, פ׳ נֹפֵל Is 30:13. 4. fig. of outburst of י׳’s wrath, acc. cogn. c. פָּרַץ 2 S 6:8 = 1 Ch 13:11, Jb 16:14 (פֶרֶץ עַל־פְנֵי־פָ֑רֶץ); עָשָׂה פ׳ בְּ Ju 21:15.

†ii פֶּ֫רֶץ S^{, ,} TWOT GK^, n.pr. 1. m. son of Judah and Tamar, Φαρες;—פ׳ Gn 46:12 +, פָּ֑רֶץ 38:29 + 3 times;—Gn 38:29; 46:12⁽⁾ Nu 26:20, 21 Ru 4:12, 18⁽⁾ 1 Ch 2:4, 5; 4:1; 9:4; 27:3 Ne 11:4, 6. 2. loc. in a. פ׳ עֻוָּה near Jerus. 2 S 6:8 = 2 Ch 13:11. b. הַר פְּרָצִים Is 28:21, perhaps = בַּעַל פ׳ q.v. p. 128.—Cf. רִמֹּן פָּ֑רֶץ.

†פַּרְצִי S GK adj.gent. of ii. פֶּרֶץ 1, c. art. as n.coll. Nu 26:20.

†פָּרִיץ S TWOT GK^, n.m. violent one (robber, murderer);—פ׳ שֹׁפֵךְ דָּם Ez 18:10; אָרְחוֹת פ׳ ψ 17:4; pl. פָּרִיצִים Ez 7:22, מְעָרַת פָּרִצִים Je 7:11; cstr. בְּנֵי פָּרִיצֵי עַמְּךָ Dn 11:14; of wild beast, פְּרִיץ חַיּוֹת Is 35:9.

II. פרץ TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic فَرَضَ (faraḍa) notch, make mark by notching; فُرْضَةٌ (furḍatun) gap by which boats ascend, unload, or are stationed; فِرَاضٌ (firāḍun) mouth of river or inlet).

†[מִפְרָץ S TWOT GK] n.[m.] landing-place;—וְעַל מִפְרָצָיו יִשְׁכּוֹן Ju 5:17 (cf. GFM).

†[פָּרַק S TWOT GK] vb. tear apart, away (NH remove (load, etc.), Pi. separate, take to pieces; Arabic فَرَقَ (faraqa) split, divide; T פְּרַק especially redeem, rescue; Syriac ܦܪܰܩ (praq) withdraw (intrans.), also remove, rescue; Ethiopic ፈረቀ (faraqa) set free);—Qal Pf. 2 ms. וּפָרַקְּתָּ֫ Gn 27:40; Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיִּפְרְקֵנוּ ψ 136:24; Pt. act. פֹּרֵק La 5:8 ψ 7:3 tear away yoke from off (מֵעַל) neck Gn 27:10 (J); snatch from (מִן) foes, = rescue (Aramaic) La 5:8 ψ 136:24; so abs. ψ 7:3 (prefixing (וְ)אֵין, G S Che Du We), > Hup Bae al. snatch away as prey. Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְפָרֵק Zc 11:16 he shall tear off their hoofs; Imv. mpl. פָּֽרְקוּ Ex 32:2 (E) tear off the golden ear-rings; Pt. מְפָרֵק 1 K 19:11 a great wind rending mts. (|| מְשַׁבֵּר). Hithp. tear off (for, i.e. from, oneself Ges ^{54 f}); Impf. 3 mpl. וַיִּתְפָּֽרְקוּ Ex 32:3 (E), c. acc. אֶת־נִזְמֵי הַוָּהָב; Imv. mpl. הִתְפָּרָ֑קוּ v 24 (E; obj. om.); pass. be broken off, Pf. 3 pl. הִתְפָּֽרְקוּ Ez 19:12 (branches).

†פֶּ֫רֶק S TWOT GK n.[m.] 1. parting of ways, Ob 14. 2. plunder (as snatched away), Na 3:1.

†[פָּרָק S TWOT GK] n.[m.] fragment;—cstr. פְּרַק פִּגֻּלִים Is 65:4 Kt, but read מְרַק, v. מָרָק.

†[מַפְרֶ֫קֶת S TWOT GK] n.f. neck (dividing head from body);—sf. וַתִּשָּׁבֵר מַפְרַקְתּוֹ 1 S 4:18.

†I. [פָּרַר S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. Hiph. break, frustrate (NH Pi. crumble; J.Aram פְּרַר; Assyrian parâru, destroy; ii. shatter; Liḥy. והפרו destroy, DHM^{, 21, 7});—Pf. 3 ms. הֵפֵר Is 33:8 +, הֵפַ֑ר Gn 17:14 Nu 15:31; also metaplastic form הֵפִיר Ez 17:19 ψ 33:10 (Ges ^{67 v}); 2 ms. וְהֵפַרְתָּ֫ה 2 S 15:34, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יָפֵר Nu 30:13 +, וַיָּ֫פֶר Ne 4:9, etc.; also 1 s. אָפִיר ψ 89:34 (Ges); Imv. ms. הָפֵר 2 Ch 16:3 ψ 85:5, הָפֵ֫רָה 1 K 15:19; Inf. abs. הָפֵר Pr 15:22 +; cstr. לְהָפֵר 2 S 17:14 +, לְהָפֵיר Zc 11:10, sf. לְהַפְרְכֶם Lv 26:15 (Ges ^{67 dd}); Pt. מֵפֵר Is 44:25 Jb 5:12;— 1. break, violate, especially c. acc. בְּרִית: a. of י׳ Ju 2:1 Je 14:21 Lv 26:44 Zc 11:10. b. of men violating covenant with י׳ Je 11:10; 31:32 Dt 31:16, 20 Lv 26:15 Ez 44:7 Gn 17:14 Is 24:5, Je 33:20 Ez 16:59. c. of men breaking compact, league (with men), Is 33:8 1 K 15:19 = 2 Ch 16:3, Ez 17:15, 16, 18, 19. d. of destroying the אַחֲוָה between Judah and Israel Zc 11:14. e. of breaking י׳’s מִצְוָה Nu 15:31 Ezr 9:14, תּוֹרָה ψ 119:126. 2. frustrate, make ineffectual: a. counsel (עֵצָה) 2 S 15:34; 17:14 Ezr 4:5; י׳ subj. Ne 4:9 ψ 33:10; of man frustrating י׳’s counsel Is 14:27, so, c. acc. מִשְׁפָּט Jb 40:8; c. acc. מַחֲשָׁבוֹת in gen., of men Pr 15:22, י׳ subj. Jb 5:15, so, c. acc. אֹתוֹת Is 44:25. b. make vow (נֶדֶר) ineffectual, annual it Nu 30:9, 14 (opp. הֵקִים), v 13, also (Impf. + Inf. abs.) v 13, 16. c. of annualling (godly) fear Jb 15:4; חַסְדִּי לֹא אָפִיר מֵעִמּוֹ ψ 89:34 read prob. אָסִיר Ol Che Bae al.; הָפֵר בַּעַסְךָ 85:4 (read הָסֵר G Bi Che). d. וְתָפֵר הָאֲבִיּוֹנָה Ec 12:5 is dub.: De Wild al. fails (to excite [?<וְתֻפַר Hoph. is made ineffectual]); Ew bursts (Siegf וְתֻפַר); but caper-berry not dehiscent (Post ^{of Syriac 106 ff.} M’Lean-Dyer ⁶⁹⁶); Post^{Letter, July 28, 1901} breaks up (by shrivelling), fig. of failing sexual power; Aq from פרה bear fruit (cf. GFM ^{x (1891), 60}); Perles ³⁰ וְתִפְרַח. Hoph. Impf. 1. be frustrated, 3 fs. וְתֻפָ֑ר Is 8:10 (of עֵצָה). 2. be broken, of covenant, 3 fs. תֻּפַר Je 33:21; וַתֻּפַר Zc 11:11; so Is 28:18 (read וְתֻפַר for וְכֻפַּר, v. כ׳). Phip. Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיְפַרְפְּרֵנִי Jb 16:12 he hath shattered me.

†II. [פָּרַר S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. split, divide (so ψ 74:13 seems to require [but √ פור SS is possible], cf. Arabic فَرْفَرَ (farfara) split, tear, rend; perhaps = I.; > Buhl^Lex. shake, quake, citing Arabic فَرْفَرَ (farfara) shake, Aramaic אִתְפַּרְפַּר, ܦܰܪܦܰܪ (parpar), cf. NH פִּרְפֵּר);—Qal Inf. abs. + Hithpō˓. Pf. 3 fs. פּוֹר הִתְפּוֹרְרָה אֶרֶץ Is 24:19 split or cracked through is the earth (Che ^. פרוק התפרקה). Pō˓. Pf. 2 ms. פּוֹרַרְתָּ ψ 74:13 thou [י׳] didst divide the sea.

III. פרר S TWOT GK (√ of foll.; cf. NH פַּר, פָּרָה = BH; Arabic فُرَارٌ (furārun) young of ewe, cow, or goat; Syriac ܦܰܪܬܳܐ (parto) ewe (cf. Nö ^{xi (1886), 734}), and so Assyrian parru, according to Jen and Zim ^{iii. 202}).

פַּר S TWOT GK₁₃₂ n.m. Gn 32:16 young bull, steer;—abs. פ׳ Nu 7:15 +, פָּ֑ר ψ 50:9, always הַפָּר 1 S 1:25 +; cstr. פַּר (הַ)חַטָּאת Ex 29:36 +; pl. פָּרִים Gn 32:16 +; sf. פָּרֶיהָ Je 50:27;—steer [v. especially פַּר בֶּן־בָּקָר Lv 4:3 + 6 times; פ׳ אֶחָד ב׳־ב׳ Ex 29:1 + 12 times Nu 7, cf. 8:8; פ׳ ב׳־ב׳ אֶחָד Nu 15:24 + 3 times, cf. Ez 43:23; 45:18; 46:6; pl. פָּרִים בְּנֵי־ב׳ Nu 28:11 + 4 times; v. בֵּן, בָּקָר]: 1. as gift Gn 32:16 (E); fig. of fierce enemies ψ 22:18. 2. elsewhere as sacrifical victims: a. in peace-offering Ex 24:5 (E; Covenant Code), 1 S 1:24 (read פַּר for פָּרִים G S Th We Dr al.), v 25 Nu 7:88 (P), 2 Ch 30:24⁽⁾. b. burnt-offering Ju 6:25⁽⁾ (on text cf. GFM), v 26, 28 1 K 18:23⁽⁾, 25, 26, 33; Ez 43:23 + 5 times Ez, Nu 7:15, 21 + 46 times Nu (P), 1 Ch 15:26; 29:21 Ezr 8:35 Jb 42:8 ψ 50:9; 51:21; Lv 23:18 (gloss, Dr-Wh). c. sin-offering Ez 43:19 + 5 times Ez, Ex 29:1, 3, 10⁽⁾, 11, 12, 14, 36 cf. 2 Ch 13:9; 29:21, Lv 4:3, 4⁽⁾ + 25 times Lv (P), Nu 8:8;—both b. and c. Nu 8:12. d. more gen. Is 1:11 ψ 69:32. e. fig. פָּרִים שְׂפָתֵינוּ Ho 14:3 we will pay (as with) bullocks, our lips, but read פְּרִי G We Now, cf. Che f. of princes and warriors slain by י׳, under fig. of sacrifice Is 34:7 Je 50:27 Ez 29:18.

i. פָּרָה S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ₂₆ n.f. heifer, cow;—abs. פ׳ Is 11:7 +; sf. פָּרָתוֹ Jb 21:10; pl. פָּרוֹת Gn 32:16 +, פָּרֹת 41:26; cstr. פָּרוֹת Am 4:1;—as gift Gn 32:16; in Pharaoh’s dream 41:2, 3⁽⁾ + 8 times 41; drawing cart 1 S 6:7, 12, 14 + פ׳ עָלוֹת v 7, 10 cows giving suck, milch cows; פ׳ calving Jb 21:10, grazing Is 11:7; פ׳ אֲדֻמָּה red heifer Nu 19:2, cf. v 5, 6, 9, 10; sim. of stubbornness Ho 4:16; פָּרוֹת הַבָּשָׁן Am 4:1, fig. of luxurious women.

†ii. פָּרָה S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.pr.loc. in Benj., הַפּ׳ Jos 18:23, Φαρα, Αφρα.

פָּרַשׂ S^, TWOT GK^, vb. spread out, spread (NH id.; Arabic فَرَشَ (faraša); T פְּרַס (rare), Syriac ܦܪܰܣ (pras); cf. Assyrian parašu, fly (der. spec.; proposes spread [wings]); v. also Nö ^{i. 417});—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ La 1:10 +; 2 ms. וּפָרַשְׂתָּ֫ Jb 11:13 Ru 3:9, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְרשֹׁ Dt 32:11 +; 3 fs. וַתִּפְרשֹׁ 2 S 17:19, etc.; Pt. act. פּוֹרֵשׂ Pr 29:5, etc.; pass. פָּרֻשׂ Jo 2:2; fs. פְּרוּשָׂה Ho 5:1; pl. פְּרֻשׂוֹת 1 K 8:54;— 1. spread out a garment (שִׂמְלָה) Ju 8:25, + לִפְנֵי pers. Dt 22:17;—wings 32:11 1 K 6:27 (read כַּנְפֵיהֶם G Sta Kmp Kit Benz), + עַל Je 49:22 (fig.), + אֶל 48:40 1 K 8:7 = 2 Ch 5:8 (עַל), + ל Jb 39:26, לְמַעְלָה Ex 25:20; 37:9; wings om. 1 Ch 28:18 and perhaps 2 Ch 3:13 (del. כַּנְפֵי Be); of י׳, פ׳ עָלָיו אוֹרוֹ Jb 36:30; spread out writing, לִפְנֵי pers. 2 K 19:14 = Is 37:14, Ez 2:10; sail Is 33:23; fishing-net, מִכְמֶרֶת Is 19:8 (עַל loc.); net (רֶשֶׁת) as snare, fig. Ho 5:1 (עַל loc.), ψ 140:6, לְרַגְלַי La 1:13, c. עַל pers. Ho 7:12 (of י׳), Ez 12:13 = 17:20, 19:8; 32:3, עַל־פְּעָמָיו Pr 29:5; פ׳ כַּפַּיִם in prayer, + אֶל Ex 9:29,33 (J), 1 K 8:38 = 2 Ch 6:29, Ezr 9:5 Jb 11:13, + ל ψ 44:21, + הַשָּׁמַיִם 1 K 8:22 = 2 Ch 6:13 (הַשָּׁמָ֑יְמָה), 1 K 8:54, no complem. 2 Ch 6:12; of almsgiving, כַּפָּהּ פָּֽרְשָׂה לֶעָנִי Pr 31:20; פ׳ יַד, c. עַל rei, La 1:10 of enemy’s greed (si vera l., v. Bu); spread out = display וּכְסִיל יִפְרשֹׁ אִוֶּלֶת Pr 13:16. 2. spread covering over 2 S 17:19 (מָסָךְ + עַל־פְּנֵי rei), הַמַּכְבֵּר over (עַל) face of another 2 K 8:15, כָּנָף skirt, עַל pers. Ru 3:9 Ez 16:8 (fig. of י׳); בֶּגֶד c. עַל rei Nu 4:7,8,11,13, c. מִלְמָ֑עְלָה v 6; כְּסוּי c. עַל rei v 14; אֶת־הָאֹהֶל, c. עַל־הַמִּשְׁכָּן Ex 40:19; שַׁחַר פָּרֻשׂ עַל־הֶהָרִים Jo 2:2; of י׳, פ׳ עָנָן לְמָסָךְ ψ 105:39.—Mi 3:3 La 4:4 v. פָּרַס. Niph. Impf. 3 mpl. יִרֵ֑שׂוּ Ez 17:21 they shall be scattered לְכָל־רוּחַ; 34:12 read prob. Pt. צֹאן נִפְרָשׂוֹת (for -שׂוֹת, Hä Krae; on emend. of context v. especially Toy Krae). Pi. Pf. 3 ms. consec. וּפֵרַשׂ Is 25:11, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְפָרֵשׂ v 11, 3 fs. תְּפָרֵשׂ Je 4:31; Inf. cstr. פָּרֵשׂ ψ 68:15, sf. פָּרִשְׂכֶם Is 1:15;— 1. spread out: a. c. acc. כַּפַּיִם in prayer Is 1:15 Je 4:31, so c. יָדַיִם ψ 143:6 (אֶל־י׳), and of י׳ entreating people Is 65:2 (אֶל); פ׳ צִיּוֹן בְּיָדֶיהָ La 1:17. b. spread out hands as in swimming Is 25:11, and (יָדַיִם om.) v 11. 2. = scatter, (?) subj. י׳, c. acc. pers. Zc 2:10 (G We Now קִבַּצְתִּי מִן, yet v. GASm); ψ 68:15, in doubtful connexion.

†[מִפְרָשׂ S TWOT GK] n.[m.] spreading out, thing spread;—sf. מִפְרָשֵׂךְ Ez 27:7 thy spread (canvas, as sail, cf. vb. Is 33:23); pl. cstr. מִפְרְשֵׂי עָב Jb 36:29, so perhaps 37:16 (for מִפְלְשֵׂי).

dag;פַּרְשֵׂז S TWOT GK (Baer, -שֵׁז van d. H. Gi), Inf. abs. Pi˓lēl (Ges ⁵⁶) from פָּרַשׂ (si vera l.), פ׳ עָלָיו עֲנָנוֹ Jb 26:9 a spreading his cloud upon it (but Bu Du al. read פֹּרֵשׂ, פָּרַשׂ, or פָרשֹׁ).

†I. [פָּרַשׁ S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. make distinct, declare (NH separate oneself, Pi. separate, explain, so Aramaic פְּרַשׁ, especially Pa.; Syriac ܦܪܰܫ (praš) separate, distinguish, explain, cf. Mand., Nö ²²¹);—Qal Inf. cstr. לִפְרשׁ לָהֶם עַל־פִּי י׳ Lv 24:12 (P) to declare distinctly to them. Niph. Pt. נִפְרָשׁוֹת Ez 34:12 read prob. -שׂוֹת, v. פרשׂ. Pu. Pf. 3 ms. פֹּרַשׁ Nu 15:34 (P) what should be done to him had not been distinctly declared; Pt. מְפֹרָשׁ Ne 8:8 made distinct (cf. Biblical Aramaic Ezr 4:18), v. BeRy Kö ⁹⁹, > interpreted, Ke al., Berliner^{ii. 74}.

†[פָּרָשָׁה S TWOT GK] n.f. exact statement;—cstr. פָּרָשֶׁת הַכֶּסֶף Est 4:7, פ׳ גְּדֻלַּת מָרְדֳּכַי 10:2.

†II. [פָּרַשׁ S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. Hiph. pierce, sting (?) (cf. Assyrian paruššu, staff (which pierces); Aramaic פרשׁא, ܦܪܳܫܳܐ (prošo) (in Lexx) ox-goad);—Impf. 3 ms. יַפְרִשׁ Pr 23:32 (כְּצִפְעֹנִי, || כְּנָחָשׁ יִשָּׁ֑ךְ), of wine.

III. פרשׁ TWOT^, (√ of foll.; cf. Aramaic פְּרַת Pa. (rare) cause to break or burst forth (a serpent its brood), פַּרְתָּא dung; Syriac ܦܪܰܬ (prat) Pa. rip open, ܦܶܪܬܳܐ (perto) = i. פֶּרֶשׁ; Arabic فَرَثَ (faraṯa) iv. rip open stomach, and scatter contents (cf. vii), فَرْثٌ (farṯun) = i. פֶּרֶשׁ).

†i. פֶּ֫רֶש n.[m.] offal as ripped out in preparing victim;—פ׳ abs. Mal 2:3; cstr. v 3; sf. פִּרְשׁוֹ Ex 29:14 Lv 4:11; 8:17; פִּרְשָׁהּ Nu 19:5; פִּרְשָׁם Lv 16:27 (all P).

†ii. פֶּ֫רֶשׁ S^, TWOT GK^, n.pr.m. Manassite 1 Ch 7:16, A GL Φαρες.

IV. פרשׁ TWOT^, (√ of foll.; meaning dub.; against Lag ⁵⁰ (horse, one that breaks the ground, Arabic فَرَسَ (farasa)) v. Frä⁹⁹, cf. also Nö ^{xi (1886), 737}).

†i. [פָּרָשׁ S TWOT GK^, n.[m.] horse, steed (less common synon. of סוּס (> explained away by Schwally ^{viii (1888), 191}); Arabic فَرَسٌ (farasun) horse, mare (often), so Ethiopic ፈረስ (faras), cf. Sab. פרס horse, Mordtm ⁷⁰);—pl. פָּרָשִׁים (erron. for פְּרָשִׁים Kö^{, 1, 89}) Ez 27:14 +, sf. פָּרָשָׁיו Is 28:28 1 S 8:11;—steeds Ez 27:14 ( + סוּסִים, פְּרָדִים), from Togarmah; sim. of swiftness Jo 2:4 (|| סוּסִים); prob. also Is 28:28 Je 46:4 (|| סוּסִים, cf. Gf Gie), and perhaps וְשָׂם לוֹ בְּמֶרְכַבְתּוֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו וְרָצוּ וגו׳ 1 S 8:11 (kg. subj.).

†ii. פָּרָשׁ S TWOT GK^, n.m. Na 3:3 horseman (i.e. parrâš, cf. Ges ^{84 bb}; Arabic فَارِسٌ (fārisun); Ethiopic ፈረስ (faras); Aramaic פָּרָשׁ, ܦܰܪܳܫܳܐ (parošo));—abs. פ׳ Na 3:3 Je 4:29, also פָּרַשׁ Ez 26:10 (as if cstr. Kö ^{§ 337 s}); pl. פָּרָשָׁים Gn 50:9 +; sf. פָּרָשָׁיו Ex 14:9 +;—horseman, usually pl., especially + רֶכֶב chariotry: Egyptian Gn 50:9 (J), Jos 24:6 (E), Ex 14:9,17,18,23,26,28 (all P), 15:19 (song), Is 31:1 2 K 18:34 = Is 36:9, 2 Ch 12:3 cf. 16:8; Philistine 1 S 13:5 2 S 1:6 (del. בַּעֲלֵי G We Dr Bu HPS); Aramæan 2 S 10:18 (but read prob. אִישׁ, cf. || 1 Ch 19:18, We Dr al.), and ( + אִישׁ רַגְלִי) 2 S 8:4 = 1 Ch 18:4, cf. 1 Ch 19:6; also עַל־סוּס וּפָרָשִׁים 1 K 20:20 (si vera l.); Isr., of Adonijah 1 K 1:5 ( + רֶכֶב, חֲמִשִּׁים אִישׁ רָצִים); Solomon + רֶכֶב 9:19, 22; 10:26⁽⁾ = 2 Ch 8:6, 9; 1:14⁽⁾, prob. also 1 K 5:6 ( + סוּסִים לְמֶרְכָּבוֹ) = 2 Ch 9:25 ( + סוּסִים ומֶרְכָּבוֹת); Jehoahaz 2 K 13:7 ( + רַגְלִי); + רֶכֶב, fig. of Elijah 2 K 2:12, of Elisha 13:14; + סוּסִים Ho 1:7; Assyrian Is 22:6, 7 ( + רֶכֶב), cf. Na 3:3, פ׳ רֹכְבֵי סוּסִים Ez 23:6, 12; Babylonian Hb 1:8⁽⁾ Je 4:29 ( + רֹמֵה קֶשֶׁת), Ez 26:7 ( + סוּס, רֶכֶב), v 10 ( + גַּלְגַּל וָרֶכֶב), Scythian (Gog) 38:4 ( + סוּסִים); Persian Is 21:7, 9 (צֶמֶד פ׳), Ne 2:9 Ezr 8:22; of king of north Dn 11:40 ( + רֶכֶב).

†פַּרְשֶׁ֫גֶן S^, TWOT^, GK n.m. copy (loan-word from Persian through Aramaic, v. Biblical Aramaic);—cstr. פ׳ הַנִּשְׁתְּוָן Ezr 7:11, cf. פַּתְשֶׁגֶן.

†פַּרְשְׁדֹ֑נָה S TWOT GK n.[m.] only וַיֵּצֵא הַפּ׳ Ju 3:22, read perhaps פֶּרֶשׁ foeces (B T Nö ¹⁸⁰ Bu GFM).

פַרְשֵׁז v. פַּרְשֵׂז sub פרשׂ.

†פַּרְשַׁנְדָּתָא S GK n.pr.m. a son of Haman Est 9:7, Φαρσαν και Νεσταιν, Φαρσανεσταν, etc.

†פְּרָת S GK n.pr. flum. Euphrates, Ευφρατης (Assyrian Purattu Dl ^{169 ff.}, whence OPers. Ufrâtu, Spieg ²¹¹);—the greatest river of W. Asia; פ׳ Gn 2:14, נְהַר פ׳ 15:18 (both secondary phrases in J), נְהַר פ׳ also 2 S 8:3 (Qr, v. נָהָר), Je 46:2, 6, 10 Dt 1:7; 11:24 Jos 1:4 (D), 2 K 23:29; 24:7 1 Ch 5:9; 18:3; נהר om. Je 13:4, 5, 6, 7 (where Ew Hi Marti, after Schick ^{iii. 11}, think of some other פְּרָת, but Gf Gie and most defend Euphrates), 51:63 2 Ch 35:20 (cf. Gn 2:14 supr.); name not certainly attested before D Je; on earlier הַנָּהָר for this river v. נ׳.

פֹּרָת Gn 49:23 v. [פָּרָה].

†פַּרְתְּמִים S TWOT GK n.pr.pl. nobles (loan-word from OPers. fratama, first, Spieg ²³², cf. Skr. prathama; Lag ^{§ 2289});—הַפּ׳ Est 1:3; 6:9 Dn 1:3.

פָּשָׂה S TWOT GK₂₁ vb. spread, intrans. (NH פָּסָה id.; Arabic فَشَا (فشو) (fašā (fšw)) be divulged, spread, be extensive);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Lv 13:5 +, 3 fs. פָּֽשְׂתָה v 8, פָּשָׂ֑תָה v 23; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְשֶׂה v 35, 3 fs. תִּפְשֶׂה v 7 +; Inf. abs. פָּשׂה v 7 +;—only Lv 13, 14, of leprosy and like eruptions: c. בָּעוֹר, בַּבֶּגֶד, etc., Lv 13:5 + 7 times 13, 14:39, 44, 48 + בָּעוֹר פָּשׂה יִפְשֶׂה (תִּפ׳) 13:7, 22, 27, 35; abs. v 23, 32, 55.

†[פָּשַׂע S TWOT GK] vb. step, march (NH פָּסַע; Aramaic פְּסַע, ܦܣܰܥ (psa˓));—Qal Impf. 1 s. אֶפְשֳׂעָה (Ges ^{10 h}) Is 27:4, c. ב against.

†פֶּ֫שַׂע S TWOT GK n.[m.] step; כְּפ׳ בֵּינִי וּבֵין הַמָּ֑וֶת 1 S 20:3.

†מִפְשָׂעָה S TWOT GK n.f. stepping-region of body, hip or buttock; עַד־הָמּ׳ 1 Ch 19:4 ( = שְׁתוֹתֵיהֶם || 2 S 10:4).

†[פָּשַׂק S TWOT GK ]vb. part, open wide (NH פָּסַק, Aramaic פְּסַק, ܦܣܰܩ (psaq), all cut, sever, cleave);—Qal Pt. פּשֵֹׁק שְׂפָתָיו Pr 13:3 i.e. one talkative. Pi. Impf. 2 fs. וַתְּפַשְּׂקִי אֶת־רַגְלַיִךְ Ez 16:25 (c. ל pers.; sensu obsc.).

†פַּשׁ S TWOT GK n.[m.] Jb 35:15 si vera l. from √ פשׁשׁ (cf. Arabic فَسِيسٌ (fasīsun) weak in mind or body, فَسْفَاسٌ (fasfāsun) very stupid);—i.e. folly; but read פֶּשַׁע (G Theod Symm B Di Bae Du).

†[פָּשַׁח S TWOT GK] vb. Pi. tear in pieces (NH פָּשַׁח; Aramaic פְּשַׁח 1 S 15:33 (Agag), ܦܫܰܚ, ܦܰܫܰܚ (pšaḥ, pašaḥ));—Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיְפַשְּׁחֵנִי La 3:11 (of lion, in fig.).

†פַּשְׁחוּר S GK n.pr.m. Πασχωρ, Φα(δυ)σσουρ, etc.: 1. Je 20:1, 2, 3⁽⁾, 6. 2. 21:1; 38:1b Ne 11:12, cf. 1 Ch 9:12. 3. Ne 10:4. 4. father of one Gedaliah Je 38:1a. 5. head of post-exil. family Ezr 2:8 = Ne 7:41, Ezr 10:22. Cf. Mey ^{169 f.}.

†פָּשַׁט S TWOT GK vb. strip off, make a dash, raid (cf. Assyrian pašâṭu, expunge, obliterate; NH פָּשַׁט, Aramaic פְּשַׁט, ܦܫܰܛ (pšaṭ), are stretch out, extend, make plain, so Arabic بَسَطَ (basaṭa));—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ Ho 7:1 +, 2 ms. וּפָשַׁטְתָּ֫ Ju 9:33, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִפְשַׁט 1 S 19:24; 3 mpl. יִפְשֹׁ֑טוּ Ez 26:1, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּשֹׁ֫טָה Is 32:11; Pt. pl. פֹּשְׁטִים Ne 4:17;— 6. strip off, put off, one’s garment (acc.) 1 S 19:24 Ez 26:16; 44:19 Lv 6:4 (opp. לָבַשׁ, 16:23 (id.; both P), Ne 4:17 Ct 5:3; acc. om. Is 32:11; of locusts Na 3:16 stripping off (sheaths of wings,cf. Da Dr ⁸⁵). 7. put off (one’s shelter), i.e. make a dash (from a sheltered place), c. אֶל Ju 20:37, abs. 9:44; especially of marauding foray, Ho 7:1, c. עַל against Ju 9:33, 44 1 S 23:27; 30:14 (ins. עַל cf. G We Dr al.), Jb 1:17, c. אֶל 1 S 27:8; 30:1, c. בְּ 1 Ch 14:9, 13 2 Ch 25:13; 28:18; in 1 S 27:10 read אָן (for אַל־), We Dr al. Pi. Inf. cstr. לְפַשֵּׁט, c. acc. pers. 1 S 31:8 to strip the slain = 1 Ch 10:8; abs. only to strip (sc. the slain) 2 S 23:10 (ins. also || 1 Ch 11:13 Dr). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִפְשִׁיט Jb 19:9; 3 mpl. sf. וְהִפְשִׁיטוּךְ Ez 23:26, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיַּפְשֵׁט Nu 20:28; 1 s. sf. אַפְשִׁיטֶנָּה Ho 2:5; 2 mpl. תַּפְשִׁט֑וּן Mi 2:8, etc.; Imv. הַפְשֵׁט Nu 20:26; Inf. cstr. הַפְשִׁיט 2 Ch 29:34; Pt. pl. מַפְשִׁיטִים 35:11;— 1. strip one of garment (2 acc.) Gn 37:23 (E), Nu 20:26, 28 (opp. הִלְבִּישׁ), Ez 16:39; 23:26; c. acc. pers. alone 1 Ch 10:9; Ho 2:5 strip her (sf.) naked (עֲרֻמָּה). 2. strip off, acc. כֵּלָיו 1 S 31:9, clothing Jb 22:6; c. acc. אֶדֶר + מִמּוּל Mi 2:8; c. acc. עוֹר + מֵעַל 3:3, cf. (acc. כְּבוֹדִי) Jb 19:9. 3. flay, c. acc. הָעֹלָה Lv 1:6 2 Ch 29:34; acc. om. 35:11. Hithp. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּתְפַּשֵּׁט 1 S 18:4 he stripped himself of his garment (acc.).

†פָּשַׁע S TWOT GK vb. rebel, transgress (NH id.; Syriac ܦܫܰܥ (pša˓) is be terrified, ܦܫܺܝܥܳܐ (pši˓o) tepid, insipid);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ 2 K 3:7 +, 2 fs. פָּשַׁ֫עַתְּ Zp 3:11; פָּשָׁ֑עַתְּ Je 3:13, etc.; Impf. יִפְשַׁע Pr 28:21 + 8 times Impf.; Imv. mpl. פִּשְׁעוּ Am 4:4; Inf. abs. פָּשֹׁעַ Is 59:13; cstr. פְּשֹׁעַ Am 4:4 Ez 10:13; Pt. פֹּשֵׁעַ Is 48:8; פֹּשְׁעִים Is 1:28 +, etc.;— 1. rebel, revolt, of nations, c. בְּ against, 1 K 12:19 2 K 1:1; 3:5, 7 2 Ch 10:19; abs. 2 K 8:22, מִתַּחַת יַד v 20,22 2 Ch 21:8, 10⁽⁾; פָּֽשְׁעוּ בִי Is 1:2 (Isr. under fig. of י׳’s sons). 2. transgress against God, abs. Is 1:28; 46:8; 48:8; 53:12⁽⁾ Ho 14:10 Am 4:4⁽⁾ La 3:42 Dn 8:23 ψ 37:38; 51:15, for (עַל) a bit of bread Pr 28:21; בַּדָּבָר הַזֶּה Ezr 10:13 in this thing; עַל תּוֹרָתִי Ho 8:1; elsewhere c. בְּ against God: פ׳ ב׳ Is 43:27; 59:13; 66:24 Je 2:8, 29; 3:13; 33:8 Ez 2:3; 20:38 Ho 7:13; פְּשָׁעִים אשׁר פ׳ ב 1 K 8:50 Ez 18:31; עלילות אשׁר פ׳ ב Zp 3:11. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. אָח נִפְשַׁע (van d. H. Pt. נִפְשָׁע) a brother (who has been) offended Pr 18:19, but very dubious, cf. Toy.

†פֶּ֫שַׁע S TWOT GK n.m. ψ 19:14 transgression;—abs. פ׳ Ex 22:8 +, פָּ֑שַׁע Pr 10:19 +; cstr. פֶּשַׁע Gn 50:17 +; sf. פִּשְׁעִי Gn 31:36 + 14 times sfs.; pl. פְּשָׁעִים Pr 10:12; cstr. פִּשְׁעֵי Am 1:3 +, etc.;— 1. transgression against individuals Gn 31:36; 50:17⁽⁾ Ex 22:8 (E), 1 S 24:12; 25:28 Pr 10:19; 17:19; 28:24; 29:6, 16, 22; פ׳ שְׂפָתַיִם 12:13; על כל־פשׁעים תְּכַסֶּה אַהֲבָה 10:12, cf. 17:9; 19:11; 28:13. 2. of nation, against nation: Am 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1; of land Pr 28:2. Elsewh. 3. against God: a. in gen., || חטאת Is 58:1; 59:12 Mi 1:5⁽⁾, 13; 3:8 Am 5:12; || עון Ez 21:29 ψ 107:17; עשׂה פ׳ Ez 18:22, 28; ביום פ׳ 33:12; רַבּוּ פ׳ Is 59:12 Jb 35:6 Je 5:6 (?); יֹסִיף על חטאתו פ׳ Jb 34:37 he addeth transgression unto his sin; יִלְדֵי פ׳ Is 57:4; personified as evil spirit, נאם פשׁע ψ 36:2. b. as recognized by by sinner; he knows it ψ 51:5, make known concerning it to י׳ 32:5, does not cover it (כסה) Jb 31:33; turns from it Is 59:20 Ez 18:30; casts it away from him Ez 18:31. c. God deals with it: by visiting it (פקד) Am 3:14 ψ 89:33, dealing with one according to it, עשׂה ך Ez 39:24, making it known to sinner Jb 13:23; 36:9; punishing in various ways: מִפּ׳ because of it Is 53:5, 8; c. על, according to it Am 2:4, 6 La 1:5, 22; for it, c. ב Is 50:1; עֹל פ׳ La 1:14 yoke of transgression; personified, וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פ׳ Jb 8:4; he does not grant forgiveness to it, לֹא נשׂא ל׳ Ex 23:21 Jos 24:19 (E). d. God forgives (נשׂא) it Ex 34:7 Nu 14:18 (J), Jb 7:21, cf. ψ 32:1; pardons (סלח) 1 K 8:50; passes over (עבר על, cf. Pr 19:11) Mi 7:18; removes (הרחיק) ψ 103:12; covers over (כפר) 65:4;—cf. (of priest) וְכִפֶּר עַל־הַקֹּדֶשׁ מִפ׳ Lv 16:16, and confession of פ׳ over (על) goat v 21;—God blots out (מחה) Is 43:25; 44:22 ψ 51:3; וּפ׳ אַל־תִּזְכֹּר 25:7; delivers from, הציל מן 39:9.—Jb 35:15 read פֶּשַׁע for פַשׁ q.v. 4. guilt of transgression (cf. עון 2), בְּלִי פ׳ without (guilt of) transgression Jb 33:9; 34:6; לא פ׳ ψ 59:4; פ׳ עלינו Ez 33:10; כבד עליה פ׳ Is 24:20; בְּרֹב פ׳ ψ 5:11; נקיתי מפ׳ 19:14; יִטַּמְּאוּ בְּכָל־פ׳ defile themselves with all (the guilt of) their transgressions Ez 14:11; 37:23; חָתֻם בִּצְרוֹר פ׳ Jb 14:17. 5. punishment for transgression, Dn 8:12, 13; 9:24, cf. עון 3. 6. offering for transgression, האתן בכורי פשׁעי Mi 6:7 shall I give my first-born as an offering for my transgression (cf. חטאת 4).

†פֵּ֫שֶׁר S TWOT GK n.[m.] solution, interpretation (loan-word from Aramaic פִּשְׁרָא);—cstr. פ׳ Ec 8:1.

†[פֵּ֫שֶׁת S TWOT GK] n.f. Jos 2:6 flax, linen (√ dub.; NH פִּשְׁתָּן, Pun. Φοιστ; Löw^{p. 233});—sf. פִּשְׁתִּי Ho 2:7, 11; elsewhere pl. פִּשְׁתִּים Ju 15:14 +, cstr. פִּשְׁתֵּי Jos 2:6;— 1. flax, after gathering, פִּשְׁתֵּי הָעֵץ Jos 2:6 (JE, v. עֵץ 2 f); inflammable Ju 15:14 (sim.); as natural product ( + צֶמֶר) Ho 2:7, 11; as material, פְּתִיל פ׳ Ez 40:3; of various garments Je 13:1 Ez 44:17, 18⁽⁾, + צֶמֶר Dt 22:11 Lv 13:47, 48, 52, 59 (P), cf. Pr 31:13; עֹבְדֵי פ׳ שְׂרִיקוֹת Is 19:9 (v. [שָׂרִיק]).

†פִּשְׁתָּה S TWOT GK n.f. flax;—פ׳: 1. growing Ex 9:31⁽⁾ (J). 2. = wick Is 42:3; 43:17 (in sim.).

פַּת S TWOT GK v. פתת.

†[פֹּת S TWOT GK] n.[f.] pl. הַפֹּתוֹת לְדַלְתוֹת הַבַּיִת 1 K 7:50 i.e. prob. the sockets above and below, in which the door-pivots turned (performing office of mod. hinges); sg. sf. פָּתְהֵן Is 3:17 (Ges ^{91 f}), prob., si vera l., their secret parts, cardo femina (so Thes and most); but read perhaps חֶרְפַּתְהֵן Bachm ^{1894, 650} Kit (in Di) Marti; > פִּאַתְהֵן Sta ^{vi (1886), 336}, cf. B Di.

פְּתָאיִם v. i. פֶּ֫תִי sub I. פתה.

פִּתְאֹם S TWOT GK v. פֶּתַע.

†[פַּת־בָּג] (read always [פַּתְבָּג]) n.[m.] portion (of food) for king, delicacies (Pers. loan-word, cf. Skr. prati-bhâga Zend [pati-baga; whence] Gk. translit. ποτί-βαζις, Syriac ܦܰܛܒܳܓܶܐ (paṭboge); Gildem ^{iv. 213 f.} Lag ^{Abh. 73} Bev Dr Dn);—cstr. פַּת־בַּג הַמֶּלֶךְ Dn 1:5, 8, 13, 15, sf. פַּת־בָּגָם v 16, אֹכְלֵי פַת־בָּגוֹ 11:26.

†פִּתְגָּם S TWOT GK n.m. edict, decree (Pers. loan-wd., OPers. patigâma (patigam, come to, arrive), NPers. paigâm, message; v. Gildem ^{iv. 214} Mey ²³; Aramaic פִּתְגָּמָא, ܦܶܬܓܳܡܳܐ (petgomo), word, command, Biblical Aramaic = BH);—cstr. פ׳ הַמֶּלֶךְ Est 1:20; c. gent. obj. פ׳ מַעֲשֵׂה הָרָעָה Ec 8:11 (appar. f., cf. De; but Hi Albr ^{xvi (1896), 115} read נַעֲשֶׂה for נַעֲשָׂה).

[פָּתָה S TWOT GK^, ] vb. be spacious, wide, open (Aramaic פְּתָא be spacious, ܦܬܳܐ (pto) be spacious, abundant; cf. Arabic فَتُوَ, فَتِىَ (fatuwa, fatiya), be youthful, in prime of life, فَتًى (fatan) young man, one in prime of life (development of various meanings from √ not wholly clear, cf. Nö ^{xi (1886). 735}));—Qal Pt. פֹּתֶה Pr 20:19 poss. one open as to lips, but v. פָּתָה denom. infr. Hiph. impf. 3 ms. juss. יַפְתְּ א׳ לְיֶפֶת Gn 9:27 may God make wide for Japhet (give him an extensive inheritance).—Pf. poss. Pr 24:28 (reading וְהִפְתִּיתָ בִּשְׂפָתֶ֑יךָ make wide with (open wide) thy lips, for MT וַהֲפִתִּיתָ בִּשׂ׳, so SS; but cf. פָּתָה denom. Pi.).

†פֶּ֫תִי S^, TWOT GK^{, ,} [for פָּתַי Lag ⁵² Ba ^{xiii (1888), 353; 320}] adj. simple, poss. as open-minded;—עֶ֫תִי Pr 9:4 +, פֶּ֑תִי ψ 19:8 +; pl. פְּתָאיִם (Ges ^{93 x}) 116:6 + 6 times Pr; פְּתָיִים 119:130 Pr 22:3; פְּתָיִם 1:22, 32;—simple, as subst. concr.: open to the instruction of wisdom or folly, Pr 9:4, 16; believing every word 14:15; lacking עָרְמָה 1:4; 8:5; 19:25; needing בין ψ 119:130, חכמה 19:8 Pr 21:11; in good sense, שׁנר פתאים י׳ ψ 116:6 י׳ preserveth the simple-minded; but usually tendency to bad sense; פתאים love פתי Pr 1:22; inherit אִוֶּלֶת 14:13, are easily enticed, misled and go back 1:32; 7:7; 9:6; 22:3 = 27:12; causing temple to need atonement Ez 45:20 (|| שׁגה).

†[פְּתִי] n.f. simplicity (i.e. lack of wisdom), עַד־מָתַי פְּתָיִם תְּאֵהֲבוּ־פֶ֑תִי Pr 1:22.

†פְּתַיּוּת S TWOT GK n.f. id. Pr 9:13 (Toy conj. מְפַּתָּה).

†[פָּתָה S TWOT GK^, vb. denom. be simple (NH Pi. entice);—Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִפְתֶּה Dt 11:16; וַיִּפְתְּ Jb 31:27; Pt. פֹּתֶה Jb 5:2 Pr 20:19; f. פּוֹתֶה Ho 7:11;— 1. be open-minded(?), simple Jb 5:2; יוֹנָה פוֹתָה Ho 7:11 silly dove; פֹּתֶה שְׂפָתָיו Pr 20:19 one foolish as to his lips (most, openeth wide his lips). 2. be enticed deceived Dt 11:16 Jb 31:27. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִפְתָּה Jb 31:9; Impf. 1 s. וָאֶפָּת Je 20:7;—be deceived Je 20:7; c. עַל enticed unto Jb 31:9. Piel Pf. 2 ms. פִּתִּיתָ Pr 24:28; sf. פִּתִּיתַנִי Je 20:7; 1 s. פִּתֵּיתִי Ez 14:9; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַתֶּה Ex 22:15 +, etc.; Imv. פַּתִּי Ju 14:15; 16:5; Inf. cstr. sf. פַּתֹּתְךָ 2 S 3:25; Pt. sf. מְפַתֶּיהָ (Ges ^{93 ss}) Ho 2:15;— 1. persuade, woman Ho 2:16 (fig., י׳ subj.), seduce, virgin Ex 22:15; entice, husband Ju 14:15; 16:5; a man to sin Pr 1:10; 16:29. 2. deceive, 2 S 3:25 Pr 24:28 (yet cf. √ Hiph. supr.); subj. י׳, obj. proph., Je 20:7 Ez 14:9, cf. 1 K 22:20, 21, 22 = 2 Ch 18:19, 20, 21; obj. י׳, ψ 78:36. Paul Impf. 3 ms. יְפֻתֶּה: 1. be persuaded, Pr 25:15. 2. be deceived, Je 20:7, 10; Je 20:7 rather be persuaded, persuade; Pu. Je 20:10 be beguiled. by י׳, Ez 14:9.

†יֶ֫פֶת S GK n.pr.m. third son of Noah, Ιαφεθ;—יַפְתְּ א׳ לְיֶפֶת ׃יֶפֶת Gn 9:27 (J), 7:13, 10:2 (P) = 1 Ch 1:4, Gn 9:23; 10:21 (J); יָפֶ֑ת 9:18 (J), 5:32; 6:10; 10:1 (P), 1 Ch 1:5.

†פְּתוּאֵל S GK n.pr.m. father of prophet Joel Jo 1:1 (G Βαθουηλ, i.e. בְּתוּאֵל).

†פְּתוֹר S GK n.pr.loc. home of Balaam;—c. הloc. פְּת֫וֹרָה Nu 22:5, Φαθουρα, A Βαθουρα; פ׳ אֲרַם נַהֲרַיִם Dt 23:5, but om. פ׳ G;—cf. Assyrian Pitru (on W. bank of upper Euphr.) Schr^{KGF 220;} Nu 22:5 Dl ²⁶⁹ Dr; Egyptian Pe-d-ru WMM ²⁹¹.

[פָּתוֹת TWOT] v. פתת.

†I. פָּתַח S TWOT^, GK^, vb. open (NH id.; Ph. פתח; Assyrian pitû, patû; Sab. פתח Os ^{xix (1865), 197}; Arabic فَتَحَ (fataḥa); Ethiopic ፈትሐ (fatḥa); Aramaic פְּתַח, ܦܬܰܚ (ptaḥ); Nab. Palm. פתח);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פ׳ 2 K 15:16 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפְתַּח Ex 21:33 +; 3 mpl. sf. יִפְתָּחוּם Ne 13:19, etc.; Imv. ms. פְּתַח 2 K 13:17 +; fs. פִּתְחִי Ct 5:2; mpl. פִּתְחוּ Jos 10:22 +; Inf. abs. פָּתֹחַ Dt 15:8 +; cstr. לִפְתֹּחַ Ez 21:27 +; Pt. act. פֹּתֵחַ Ju 3:25 +; pass. פָּתוּחַ Je 5:16 +, etc.;—open sack, שַׂק, Gn 42:27 (E), אַמְתַּחַת 43:21; 44:11 (J), skin-bottle (נאוד) Ju 4:19, hamper (תֵּבָה) Ex 2:6 (E), pit (בּוֹר) 21:33 (E; i.e. uncover it), mouth (פִּי) of cave Jos 10:22 (JE), grave Ez 37:12, 13 (to bring forth dead), cf. (in fig.) Je 5:16 ψ 5:10; כְּלִי פָתוּחַ Nu 19:15 (P) open vessel; door (דֶּלֶת; sometimes opp. סָגַר) Ju 3:25 + v 25 (obj. om.), 19:27 1 S 3:15 2 K 9:3, 10 2 Ch 29:3 Jb 31:32 (c. ל pers.); fig. of Leb. Zc 11:1; דַּלְתֵי שָׁמָיִם ψ 78:33 (of י׳, sending rain); ד׳ = city-gates Ne 13:19 Is 45:1 (|| שְׁעָרִים; י׳ subj., c. לִפְנֵי); ד׳ om. Ct 5:2, 5, 6; gate (שַׁעַר), of land Na 3:13 (Inf. abs. + Impf. Niph. q.v.), cf. Ez 25:9, שַׁעַר of temple (-court) Ez 46:12 (c. ל pers.), ψ 118:19 (id.), city Is 26:2, obj. om. Dt 20:11 2 K 15:16; window, חַלּוֹן 2 K 13:17⁽⁾, אֲרֻבּוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם (by י׳ sendig rain) Gn 8:6 (J), Mal 3:10; city Je 13:19, עִיר פְּתוּחָה Jos 8:17 (JE); abs. פ׳ וְלֹא סגר Is 22:22⁽⁾;—14:17 is dubious, Gr Perles ^{28. 42} Kit (in Di) read לַאֲסִירָיו לֹא־פ׳ בֵּית־הַכֶּלֶא; > Bu Che Marti אֲסִירָיו לֹא פִּתַּח אִישׁ לִבֵיתוֹ; storehouse, armoury Gn 41:56 Je 50:25 (of י׳), Je 50:26 (for destruction), fig. of sky, for rain Dt 28:12 (c. ל pers.; of י׳), cf. open בָּ֑ר, expose for sale, Am 8:5; open womb, i.e. grant offspring Gn 29:31; 30:22 (J); open mouth (פֶּה) to cry, speak Ez 21:27 Jb 3:1 Dn 10:16, hence = speak Is 53:7⁽⁾ Jb 33:2 ψ 39:10; 78:2 (בְּמָשָׁל), 109:2 (c. עַל pers.), Pr 24:7; 31:8 (c. ל pers.), v 9, 26 (בְּחָכְמָה); ψ 49:5 either utter, declare, propound riddle, or open up, expound; have power of speech ψ 38:14; of י׳ giving power of (prophetic) speech Ez 3:27; 33:22, giving speech to ass Nu 22:28 (J); open mouth, to eat Ez 3:2, of earth, to swallow up, Nu 16:32; 26:10, cf. (פֶּה om.) ψ 106:17; open lips, to speak Jb 11:5 (c. עִם pers.), 32:20 (Gi v 21); of י׳ opening msn’d lips ψ 51:17, man’s ear Is 50:5 (Assyrian uznâ puttû); of eyes only pt. pass., c. אֶל 1 K 8:29 = 2 Ch 6:20, 1 K 8:52 Ne 1:6, c. לְ 2 Ch 6:40 (by zeugma), 7:15 (all of י׳’s favour); open hand, in giving Dt 15:8, 11 (c. ל pers., + inf. abs.), of י׳ ψ 104:28; 145:16; book Ne 8:5⁽⁾, letter 6:5; open river (channel) Is 41:18 (of י׳), rock, letting out water, ψ 105:41 (id.); open sword, = draw it Ez 21:33 ψ 37:14;; of root שָׁרְשִׁי פָתוּחַ אֱלֵי־מָ֑יִם Jb 29:19, i.e. with no obstacle intervening.—תִּפְתַּח אֶרֶץ Is 45:8 is dub.; verb not elsewhere intrans.; Du Che Marti proposes רַחְמָהּ as obj.; Gr Kit (in Di) read תִּפָּתַח. Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִפְתַּח Is 5:27, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִפָּתָח Ez 24:27, יִפָּתֵ֑חַ 44:2 +, etc.; Inf. cstr. הִפָּתֵחַ Is 51:14; Pt. נִפְתָּח Zc 13:1;—be opened, of girdle Is 5:27 (i.e. loosened), cf. of captive 51:14, and, of calamity, Je 1:14 be let loose (c. עַל pers.); gates Na 2:7; 3:13 (of land, thrown open to (ל) enemy), Ez 44:2; 46:1⁽⁾ Ne 7:3; impers. of man shut in by God Jb 12:14; of windows of heaven Gn 7:11 (P), cf. Is 24:13 (of future destruction); the heavens themselves Ez 1:1 (for visions); fountain Zc 13:1; wine(-skin, c. neg.) Jb 32:19; mouth, in speech Ez 24:27; 33:22; ears Is 35:5. Pi. Pf. 3 ms. פִּתַּח Jb 30:11 +, פִּתֵּ֑חַ 12:18 +, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יְפַתַּח Is 28:24, 1 s. אֲפַתֵּחַ Is 45:1, etc.; Inf. abs. פַּתֵּחַ Is 58:6; cstr., id. ψ 102:21; Pt. מְפַתֵּ֑חַ 1 K 20:11;—loose: 1. free, i.e. ungird, camels Gn 24:32 (J): loins of kings Is 45:1 (i.e. disarm them); set free, c. sf. pers. ψ 105:20, Je 40:4 (c. מִן); c. acc. בְּנֵי תְמוּתָה ψ 102:21. 2. loosen (and remove) sack-cloth Is 20:2 (c. מֵעַל), ψ 30:12; armour 1 K 20:11 (obj. om.; opp. חָגַר); bonds Jb 12:18 ψ 116:16, cf. Is 58:6 Jb 39:5; cord 30:11; 38:31; loosen ground Is 28:24 (in tillage); cf. Vogelst ³³, Assyrian puttû). 3. open gates Is 60:11, doors Jb 41:6 (fig. of crocodile’s jaws); ear Is 48:8 (read prob. either פִּתַּחְתִּי, פָּתַחְתִּי [G Du Marti], or נִפְתְּחָה [Gr Che Kit in Di]; buds Ct 7:13 (of blossom; obj. om.; or intrans., as sometimes Arabic فَتَّحَ (fattaḥa), v. Dozy). Hithp. Imv. mpl. התפתחו Is 52:2 Kt < Qr fs. הִתְפַּתְּחִי (so G; of personif. Jerus.) loosen thee (Ges ^{54 f}) the fetters of thy neck.

†פֶּ֫תַח S TWOT GK₁₆₄ n.m. Ez 8:8 (f. 2 S 17:9 but We reads אַחַד for אַחַת, and so Albr ^{xvi (1896), 86}) opening, doorway, entrance;—abs. פ׳ Gn 4:7 +, פָּ֑תַח 19:11 +, הַפֶּ֫תְחָה v 6; cstr. פֶּתַח 18:1 +; sf. פִּתְחוֹ Pr 17:19, פִּתְחָהּ Ez 40:38; pl. פְּתָחִים 1 K 7:5 Pr 8:3; cstr. פִּתְחֵי ψ 24:7 +; sf. פְּתָחָ֑י Pr 8:34, etc.;—door-way of nomad’s tent, פ׳ הָאֹהֶל Gn 18:1, 2, 10 (J), Ex 33:8, 10(E), Nu 11:10; 16:27 (JE), Ju 4:20, cf. (without הָאֹהֶל) Gn 4:7 (in fig.), Jb 31:9, 34; of sacred tent, פ׳ הָאֹהֶל Ex 33:9, 10; 26:36; 36:37; 39:38 (P), Nu 12:5 (E), Dt 31:15, usually (P) פ׳ אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד Ex 29:4 + 6 times Ex + 40:6, 29 (פ׳ מִשְׁכַּן אֹהֶל מ׳), Lv 1:3 + 22 times Lv, Nu 3:25 + 11 times Nu, Jos 19:51 1 S 2:22, cf. 1 Ch 9:21; פ׳ הַמִּשְׁכָּן Ex 35:15, cf. 40:5, 28 (all P); of court Nu 3:26 cf. 4:26 and (of temple) Ez 8:7; doorway of (private) house Gn 19:6, 11⁽⁾ + 22 times, cf. Ct 7:14; in Pr 17:19 Frankenb Toy read פִּיו for פִּתְחוֹ; of temple 1 K 6:33 Ez 8:16, so פ׳ הַבַּית Ez 47:1 2 Ch 4:22; פֵ׳ הַדְּבִיר 1 K 6:31, פ׳ הַצֵלָע v 8 Ez 41:11 cf. v 11⁽⁾; pl. 1 K 7:5; various doorways in Ezek.’s temple Ez 40:13⁽⁾ + 13 times 40–42 (v. also infr.); doorway of ark Gn 6:16 (P); of tower Ju 9:52; in wall Ez 8:8; opening (mouth) of cave 1 K 19:13; פ׳ הַשַּׁעַר opening, i.e. doorway, of gate Ez 40:11; of city פ׳ שַׁעַר הָעִיר, i.e. the outer aperture of the gate Jos 8:29 20:4 Ju 9:35, 44 Je 1:15 (pl.), cf. 19:2 1 K 22:10 = 2 Ch 18:9, 2 K 23:8 Pr 1:21; so פ׳ הַשַּׁעַר Ju 9:40 2 S 10:8; 11:23 2 K 7:3; 10:3, and (of farm or village) Ju 18:16, 17; so פ׳ הָעִיר 1 K 17:10 1 Ch 19:6 ( = 2 S 10:8 supr.), cf. Gn 38:14; pl. of city gates themselves (poet.) Is 3:26 (personif.), פ׳ נְדִיבִים 13:2; פִּתְחֵי עוֹלָם ψ 24:7, 9 (|| שְׁעָרִים); cf. fig. שְׁמֹר פִּתְחֵי־פִיךָ Mi 7:5; also פ׳ שַׁעַר בֵּית י׳ Je 36:10 Ez 8:14; 10:19 cf. 8:3; 11:1; 40:4; 46:3, פ׳ שׁ׳ י׳ Je 26:10; פְּתָחֶיהָ Mi 5:6 of entrances to a country; fig. פ׳ תִּקְוָה Ho 2:17 doorway of hope.

†פֵּ֫תַח S TWOT GK n.m. opening, unfolding;—cstr. פ׳ דְּבָרֶיךָ יָאִיר ψ 119:130, so G and most; > Symm Jer Bae פֶּתַח ( = thy words as a doorway).

†פִּתְחוֹן S TWOT GK n.[m.] opening;—cstr. כִּתְחוֹן פֶּה opening of mouth in speech or song Ez 16:63; 29:21.

†[פְּתִיחָה S TWOT GK n.[f.] drawn sword;—pl. פְּתִחוֹת ψ 55:22 (fig. of words; cf. Ez 21:33 ψ 37:14).

†פְּתַחְיַה n.pr.m. 1. priest 1 Ch 24:16, Εζεκηλ, Φεθεια, etc. 2. Levite Ezr 10:23 Ne 9:5, Φαθαια, Φεθεια(ς), etc. 3. Judahite Ne 11:24, Παθαια, Φαθαια.

†יִפְתָּח S GK^, n.pr. 1. m. Jephthah, Ιεφθαε (he [God] openeth)—Ju 11:1⁽⁾ + 26 times 11, 12, 1 S 12:11. 2. loc. in the שְׁפֵלָה Jos 15:43 (P), A GL Ιεφθα.

†יִפְתַּח־אֵל S GK n.pr.loc. (God openeth; cf. Sab. n.pr.m. יפתחאל Hal 148:1);—in גֵּי יִפ׳ (Γαιφαηλ, Γαι και Φθαιηλ, A GL Γαι (Ι)εφθαηλ), valley betw. Zebulun and Asher Jos 19:14, 27 (P); prob. near Jêfât (Jotapata), and perhaps upper part of Wady ˓Abellîn, v. Buhl ^{109, 223}.

†[מִפְתָּה] n.[m.] opening, utterance;—cstr. מִפְתַּח שְׂפָתַי Pr 8:6 i.e. that with which my lips open.

†מַפְתֵּחַ S TWOT GK n.m. key (opening instrument);—מ׳ abs. Ju 3:25 1 Ch 9:27; cstr. Is 22:22 (fig.).

†נֶפְתּוֹחַ S GK n.pr.loc. Μαφθω, Ναφθω, in מֵי נ׳ Jos 15:9 18:15 (P), on border of Judah and Benj.; usually identif. with spring Liftâ, near Jerus. to the NW., v. Buhl ¹⁰¹. נַפְתֻּחִים v. p. 661.

i, ii. פֶּ֫תִי S^, TWOT GK^{, ,} , פְּתַיּוּת S TWOT GK v. sub פתה.

†II. [פָּתַח S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. Pi. engrave (NH Pi. id., פִּתּוּחַ = BH, and so T; Assyrian patâḫu, bore, penetrate; cf. perhaps Arabic فَتَخَةٌ, فَتْخَةُن (fataḫatun, fatḫatun) ring (cf. Frä ²⁵²));—Pf. 3 ms. פִּתַּח 2 Ch 3:7, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיְפַתַּח 1 K 7:36; 2 ms. תְּפַתַּח Ex 28:11; Inf. cstr. לְפַתֵּחַ 2 Ch 2:6, 13; Pt. מְפַתֵּח Zc 3:9;—engrave, c. acc. + עַל, on metal 1 K 7:36 2 Ch 3:7 Ex 28:36 (acc. cogn. פִּתּוּחֵי חוֹתָם), on stone v 9; c. acc. אֶבֶן + acc. cogn. v 11 (all P); c. acc. cogn. only, Zc 3:9 (on stone), and, in gen., 2 Ch 2:6, 13. Pu. Pt. fpl. מְפֻתָּחֹת פִּתּוּחֵי חוֹתָם Ex 39:6 (P) stones engraved with the engravings of a signet.

†פִּתּוּחַ S TWOT GK n.m. engraving;—abs. פ׳ 2 Ch 2:13; sf. פִּתֻּחָהּ Zc 3:9; elsewhere pl. פִּתּוּחִים 2 Ch 2:6, etc.;—on (wood overlaid with) metal, פִּתּוּחֵי מִקְלְעוֹת כְּרוּבִים 1 K 6:29 (see v 21, 22), in temple, so ψ 74:6; on stone Zc 3:9, especially פִּתּוּחֵי חֹתָם Ex 28:11, 21, 36; 39:6, 14, 30; in gen. 2 Ch 2:6, 13.

†פְּתִיגִיל S TWOT GK n.[m.] rich robe (?) (prob. foreign word);—פ׳ abs. Is 3:24, G Χιτὼν μεσοπόρφυρος, B fascia pectoralis.

†[פָּתַל S TWOT GK] vb. twist (NH Pi. and deriv.; Arabic فَتَلَ (fatala); Ethiopic ፈተለ (fatala); Aramaic פְּתַל, chiefly deriv., in fig. senses; Syriac ܦܬܰܠ (ptal));—Niph. Pf. 1 s. נִפְתַּלְתִּי עִם Gn 30:8 I have wrestled (lit. twisted myself) with; Pt. עֲצַת נִפְתָּלִים Jb 5:13 the plan of the tortuous; נִפְתָּל וְעִקֵּשׁ Pr 8:3 anything tortuous and twisted. Hithp. Impf. 2 ms. עִם־עִקֵּשׁ תִּתְפַּתָּ֑ל ψ 18:27 with the twisted thou dost deal tortuously = 2 S 22:27 (so read for imposs. תִּתַּפָּ֑ל).

†פָּתִיל S TWOT GK n.m.Ju 16:9 cord, thread (twisted);—abs. פ׳ Nu 19:15; cstr. פְּתִיל Ju 16:9 +; sf. פְּתִילֶךָ֑ Gn 38:18; pl. פְּתִילִים v 25 פְּתִילִם Ex 39:3;—cord (from which seal was hung) Gn 38:18, 25 (J), פ׳ נְעֹרֶת Ju 16:9 (sim.), פ׳ פִּשְׁתִּים Ez 40:3 (as measuring line); פ׳ תְּכֵלֶת, for fastening, Ex 28:28, 37; 39:21, 31 Nu 15:38, cf. פָּתִיל alone 19:15 (perhaps gloss, v. Di); threads (of gold) in ephold Ex 39:3 (all P).

†פְּתַלְתֹּל S TWOT GK adj. tortuous;—דּוֹר עִקֵּשׁ וּפ׳ Dt 32:5.

†[נַפְתּוּלִים S TWOT GK] n.[m.]pl. wrestlings (cf. √ Niph. Pf.;—cstr. נַפְתּוּלֵי א׳ Gn 30:8 wrestlings of God, i.e. mighty wrestlings.

נַפְתָּלִי S GK n.pr.m. et trib. Naphtali, Νεφθαλει(μ), etc. (interpr. as my wrestling Gn 30:8; perhaps orig. crafty, cunning one);— 1. second son of Jacob and Bilhah Gn 30:8 (J), 35:25; 46:24 (P), 1 Ch 2:2, cf. Gn 49:21 (poem). 2. as a tribe of Isr.: a. Ju 1:33; 4:10; 5:18 Dt 33:23⁽⁾ +; so (Hex, only P) בְּנֵי נ׳ Ju 4:6 Nu 1:42 + 6 times, מַטֵּה נ׳ Nu 2:29 1 K 7:14 + 5 times, מַטֵּה בְּנֵי נ׳ Nu 10:27; 34:28 Jos 19:39; שַׁעַר נ׳ Ez 48:34 (in new Jerus.); אֶרֶץ נ׳ 1 K 15:20 2 K 15:29, cf. Is 8:23; קֶדֶשׁ נ׳ Ju 4:6; הַר נ׳ Jos 20:7; גְּבוּל נ׳ Ez 48:4, יָ֫מָּה נ׳ v 3; עָרֵי נ׳ 2 Ch 16:4. b. as territorial name Dt 34:2 (JE) 1 K 4:15 1 Ch 12:41 (van d. H. v 40), 2 Ch 34:6; Ju 6:35; 7:23 might be a or b.

†פִּתֹם S GK n.pr.loc. Pithom, Π(ε)ιθω, A Πιθωμ (Egyptian Patum, Per-Atum, house of (god) Atum) one of the עָרֵי מִסְכְּנוֹת built by Isr. for Pharaoh Ex 1:11; identif. by Naville with Tel el-Maskhûta, near E. end of Wady Tumilat, Naville ^{Pithom, 1885} Di-Ry ^{ad loc.} Di ^{, 1885, 889 ff.} Bäd ^{(4), 159}.

פתן TWOT (√ of foll.; meaning dub.; Hilpr ^{Exped. Univ. Pennsylv. ix (1898), 53}, cp. Assyrian patânu, ‘protect,’ whence two foll., ‘serpent’ as protector, and ‘threshold’ as asylum; plausible, but exact meaning of patânu still uncertain).

†פֶּ֫תֶן S TWOT GK n.m. ψ 58:5 a venomous serpent, perhaps cobra (פתן Ecclus 39:30; Aramaic פִּתְנָא, ܦܰܬܳܢܳܐ (patono), whence perhaps Arabic بَثَنٌ (baṯanun));—only poet.: pl. רֹאשׁ פְּתָנִים Dt 32:33 (|| חֲמַת תַּנִּינִם), Jb 20:16, מְרוֹרַת פ׳ v 14; sg. פֶּ֫תֶן ψ 91:13 (|| תַּנִּין), פ׳ חֵרֵשׁ 58:5, חֻר פָּ֑תֶן Is 11:8.

†מִפְתָּן S TWOT GK n.[m.] threshold (cf. NH פָּתִין cross-beam;?Arabic فَيْتَنٌ (faytanun) carpenter);—abs. מ׳ 1 S 5:4 Zp 1:9; cstr. מִפְתַּן דָּגוֹן 1 S 5:5, מ׳ הַבַּיִת Ez 9:3; 10:4, 18; 47:1, מ׳ הַשַּׁעַר 46:2.

†פֶּתַע S TWOT GK subst. suddenness (√ unknown: cf. Assyrian ina pitti, ina pittimma, in suddenness, instantly, Dl ⁵⁵³):—Nu 35:22 וְאִם־בְּפֶתַע … הֲדָפוֹ if he have thrust him in suddenness, before he is aware what he has done (i.e. accidentally); + פִּתְאֹם Nu 6:9, וכי ימות מת עליו בפתע פתאם i.e. very suddenly; לְפֶתַע according to (לְ, p. 516b) suddenness, Is 29:5 והיה לפתע פתאם = at an instant, suddenly, 30:13 אשׁר פתאם לפתע יבוא שִׁבְרָהּ. As adv. acc., suddenly, Pr 6:15 ( = 29:1) פֶּתַע יִשָּׁבֵר, Hb 2:7.

†פִּתְאֹם S TWOT GK, once ψ 64:8 (v. Baer) פִּתְאוֹם subst. suddenness, usually as adv.acc. suddenly (from פֶּתַע, with the term. -ם (cf. שִׁלְשֹׁם), and with ע weakened to א: Sta ²⁹⁵ Kö^{. 255 f.} Ba ^{§ 216 b});—Nu 12:4 ויאמר י׳ פ׳ אל־משׁה, Jos 10:9; 11:7; especially of calamity, invasion, etc., coming suddenly, Is 47:11; 48:3 Je 4:20 פ׳ שֻׁדְּדוּ אֹהָלַי, 6:26; 15:8; 18:22; 51:8 ψ 64:5 פ׳ יֹרֻהוּ וְלֹא יִירָ֑אוּ, v 8 Jb 5:3; 9:23 Ec 9:12 Pr 6:15; 24:22; also 7:22 Mal 3:1; thrice with פֶּתַע (q.v.). As a gen. †Pr 3:25 אל־תירא מִפַּחַד פ׳ of the terror of suddenness, i.e. the sudden terror, Jb 22:10; and with בְּ, in suddenness, †2 Ch 29:36 בפ׳ היה הדבר.

†פָּתַר S TWOT GK vb. interpret (dream), only Gn 40, 41 (NH id., J.Aram. פְּתַר; appar. = Aramaic פְּשַׁר, ܦܫܰܪ (pšar), dissolve, fig. solve, interpret, cf. פֵּשֶׁר);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. פָּתַר, c. ל pers. Gn 40:22; 41:13; abs. פָּתָ֑ר 40:16; 41:12; c. acc. rei: Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּפְתָּר־לָנוּ 41:12; Inf. cstr. לִפְתֹּר 41:15; Pt. act. פֹּתֵר 40:8; 41:15, פּוֹי 41:8.

†פִּתְרוֹן S TWOT GK [Kö^{. 1, 154}] n.m. interpretation (of a dream), only Gn 40, 41;—cstr. פִּתְרוֹן Gn 40:5; 41:11; sf. פִּתְרֹנוֹ 40:12, 18; pl. פִּתְרֹנִים v 8.

†פַּתְרוֹס S GK n.pr.terr. = Upper Egypt, Παθουρης, Φαθουρης, etc. (Egyptian p(ĕ)-tĕ-res, south land, in Assyrian Paturisi, Erman ^{x (1890), 118 f.} Steind ^{i. 344} WMM ; also (on Assyrian) Schr ^{KGF 283 f.} Dl ³¹⁰);—always in connexion with מִצְרַיִם, etc.: Is 11:11 Je 44:15 Ez 30:14, אֶרֶץ פ׳ Je 44:1 Ez 29:14; מִפַּתְרֹס proposes also ψ 68:31 (for מִתְרַפֵּס) Ne ^{x (1891), 152} (plausibly), cf. Che ^{ib. xi (1892), 125} Kau ^{ψψ crit. n.}.

†פַּתְרֻסִים S GK adj.gent.pl. of foregoing, as subst. Gn 10:14 = 1 Ch 1:12.

†פַּתְשֶׁ֫גֶן S TWOT^, GK n.m. copy (= פַּרְשֶׁגֶן q.v.);—cstr. פּ׳ (הַ)כְּתָב Est 3:14; 4:8; 8:13.

†[פָּתת] vb. break up, crumble (NH id.; Arabic فَتَّ (fatta); Ethiopic ፈተተ (fatata); Syriac ܦܰܬ (pat));—Qal Inf. abs. of bread of מִנְחָה: פָּתוֹת אֹתָהּ פִּתִּים Lv 2:6.

†פַּת S TWOT GK n.f. Pr 17:1 fragment, bit, morsel of bread;—abs. פ׳ חֲרֵבָה Pr 17:1 a dry morsel; cstr. פַּת־לֶחֶם Gn 18:5 Ju 19:5 1 S 2:36; 28:22 1 K 17:11 Pr 28:21; sf. פִּתִּי Jb 31:17, פִּתְּךָ Pr 23:8, פִּתֵּךְ Ru 2:14, פִּתּוֹ 2 S 12:3; pl. פִּתִּים Lv 2:6; 6:14; in sim. ψ 147:17.

†[פָּתוֹת TWOT] n.[m.] id.;—pl. cstr. פְּתוֹתֵי לֶחֶם Ez 13:19.