†[צוּף S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. flow, overflow, [float] (NH id.; so Aramaic טוּף, ܛܳܦ (ṭop);—Arabic طَوْفُن (ṭawfun) 3 is loan-wd. Frä ²²⁰);—Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָפוּ־מַיִם עַל־רֹאשִׁי La 3:54 (fig.). Hiph. 1. Pf. cause to flow over, הֵצִיף אֶת־מֵי יַם־סוּף עַל־פְּנֵיהֶם Dt 11:4. 2. cause to float: Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּצֶף הַבַּרְזֶל 2 K 6:6.

†i. צוּף S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.m. (honey-)comb (as exuding honey);—only fig.: cstr. צוּף־דְּבַשׁ Pr 16:24; pl. נֹפֶת צוּפִים ψ 19:11 ( + דְּבַשׁ), G κηρίον, κηρία, B favus.

†ii. צוּף S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.pr.m. Ephr. ancestor of Elkanah and Samuel, בֶּן־צ׳ 1 S 1:1 (ἐν Νασειβ, GL υἱοῦ Σωφ), 1 Ch 6:20 Qr G B (Kt ציף); appar. = צוֹפַי v 11 (Levite), Σουφ(ει): hence prob. צֶרֶץ צוּף 1 S 9:5 (in Benj., τὴν (γὴν) Σ(ε)ιφ(α)).

†צוּפִי S GK adj.gent. Ṣuphite;—so read prob. for צוֹפִים 1 S 1:1 (We Klo Dr and most mod., after G Σ(ε)ιφα, A Σωφιμ).

†[צָפָה S^{, ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} ] n.f. out-flow;—sf. צָפָֽתְךָ Ez 32:6 thine outflow (flowing blood), Co Bthl Toy Krae.

צוֹפַי S GK = ii. צוּף

צוֹפִים S GK v. צופִי.

†I. [צוּץ S TWOT^, GK^, , צִיץ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] vb. 1. blossom. 2. shine, sparkle (perhaps orig. meaning of √, but connex. of 1, 2. dub.) (NH id. Hiph., fig. senses, צִיץ n. = BH);—Qal Pf. 1. 3 ms. צָץ הַמַּטֶּה Ez 7:10 (fig.; || פָּרַח הַזָּדוֹן); Impf. 3 ms. יָצִיץ ψ 90:6 (of grass, חָצִיר), 103:15 (man under fig. of flower), fig. יָצִיץ וּפָרַח יִשׂ׳ Is 27:6; 3 mpl. יָצִיצוּ ψ 72:16, וַיָּצִיצוּ 92:8 (|| פָּרַח; both fig. of men = ) flourish. 2. shine, gleam: of crown (נֵזֶר) ψ 132:18. Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּצֵץ צִיץ Nu 17:23 it put forth blossoms (of rod;—ֵ perhaps from || וַיֹּצֵא פֶרַח).

†i. צִיץ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.m. Is 28:1 1. blossom, flower. 2. shining thing;—צ׳ abs. Is 42:7 +, cstr. v 6 +; pl. צִצִּים 1 K 6:18 + 3 times 6 (on form v Kö^{. 1, 60});— 1. blossom, flower, Nu 17:23 (P; of Aaron’s rod); (fig. of man Is 40:7, 8 (both נָבֵל צ׳; || חָצִיר), cf. sim. צִיץ הַשָּׂדֶה v 6 (|| id.), ψ 103:15, and צ׳ alone Jb 14:2; צ׳ נֹבֵל Is 28:1 (fig. of Samaria), so prob. also v 4 (for MT צִיצַת נ׳; so Marti); פְּטוּרֵי צִצִּים, as ornaments of temple 1 K 6:18, 29, 32, 35. 2. shining thing, plate of gold, constituting the diadem on front of high priest’s mitre, Lv 8:9 Ex 28:36; 39:30 (all P).—ii, iii. צִיץ, v p. 851 infr.

צִיצָה S GK Is 28:4, v i. צִיץ supr.

†II. [צוּץ S TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. Hiph. gaze, peep (NH Hiph. gaze (rare); Aramaic צִיץ gaze);—Pt. מֵצִיץ מִן־הַחֲרַכִּים Ct 2:9 (v. ח׳, p. 355).

†I. [צוּק S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. Hiph. constrain, bring into straits, press upon (NH צוּק be distressed (rare), Hiph. = BH; Arabic ضَاقَ (ى) (ḍāqa (y)) be narrow, tight, so Ethiopic ጦቀ (ṭoqa); Aramaic עִיק, ܥܳܩ (˓oq); Chr. Pal. ܨܘܩ (ṣwq));—Pf. 3 fs. הֵצִיקָה Ju 16:16, sf. הֱצִיקַתְהוּ 14:17, -נִי Jb 32:18 (Gi v 19); 1 s. וַהֲצִיקוֹתִ֫י consec. Is 29:2; Impf. 3 ms. יָצִיק Dt 28:53 + 2 times; 3 mpl. יָצִיקוּ Je 19:9, Pt. מֵצִיק Is 51:13⁽⁾ pl. מְצִיקִים 29:7;—bring into straits, by importunity c. ל pers. Ju 16:16, c. sf. pers. 14:17; constrain (to speak) Jb 32:18 (sf. pers.); elsewhere of bringing into straits a city or people, c. ל, Is 29:2, 7, so 7:6 (reading וּנְצִיקֶנָּה for MT וּנְקִיצֶנָּה), Thes Che Du Gr Marti, cf. formula בְּמָצוֹר וּבְמָצוֹק אֲשֶׁר יָצ׳ לְ Dt 28:53, 55, 57 Je 19:9; pt. abs. הַמֵּצִיק Is 51:13⁽⁾ the oppressor.

†צוֹק S TWOT GK n.[m.] si vera l., constraint, distress;—וּבְצוֹק הָעִתִּים Dn 9:25 usually in distressful times; Gr וּבְקֵץ וגו׳ (so G [v 27] S), as beginning of v 26, omitting וְ in וְאחרי (cf. Bev Marti).

†צוּקָה S TWOT^, GK^, n.f. pressure, distress;—national Is 8:22 ( + צָרָה), cf. צֶרֶץ צָרָה וְצ׳ 30:6; personal צָרָה וְצ׳ Pr 1:27.

†ii. מוּצָק S^, TWOT^, GK^, , מוּצַק n.[m.] constraint, distress;—abs. מוּצָק Is 8:23 distress; abs. also מוּצַק Jb 36:16, of distress as constraint (opp. רַחַב); רֹחַב מַיִם בְּמוּצָ֑ק 37:10, lit. in constraint (i.e. forzen).—i. מוּצָק v. יצק.

†מָצוֹק S TWOT GK n.[m.] straitness, straits, stress;—always abs. מ׳;—כָּל־אִישׁ מ׳ 1 S 22:2 every man of straits (in straits); בְּמָצוֹר וּבְמ׳ Dt 28:53, 55, 57 Je 19:9 (all of national straits); צַר־וּמ׳ מְצָאוּנִי ψ 119:143; perhaps read מָצוֹק also 32:6, for מצא רק, cf. Du Br.

†מְצוּקָה S TWOT GK n.f. id.;—abs. צַר וּמ׳ Jb 15:24; יוֹם צָרָה וּמ׳ Zp 1:15; pl. sf., of י׳ delivering מִמְּצוּקוֹתַי ψ 25:17, מִמְּצוּקוֹתֵיהֶם etc., 107:6, 13, 19, 28.

†II. [צוּק S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. pour out, melt (|| יצק);—Qal Pf. 3 pl. (according to Thes al.) צָקוּן Is 26:16, but v. infr.; Impf. 3 ms. וְאֶבֶן יָצוּק נְחוּשָׁה Jb 28:2 (read perhaps יָצוּקוּ, v. Bu) and stone (ore, men) melt it into copper; צוּר יָצוּק עִמָּדִי פַּלְגֵי־שָׁ֑מֶן Jb 29:6 the rock used to pour out beside me streams of oil.—Is 26:16 (as above) must mean they poured out (uttered) a whisper (לַחַשׁ; i.e. prayer); but form most improb.; Koppe Gr Di Du al. proposes צְקוֹן לַחַשׁ (from assumed צָקוֹן, I. צוק) = constraint of (like that of) magic; < Houb Kit צָֽעֲקוּ בְלַחַץ וגו׳, or Che צָעַקְנוּ מִלַּחַץ כִּי מוּסָֽרְךָ לָנוּ.

†[מָצוּק S TWOT GK] n.m. molten support, pillar;—pl. cstr. מְצֻקֵי אֶרֶץ 1 S 2:8 the supports of the earth are י׳’s;—מָצוּק 14:5 (‘as a pillar,’ ‘sleep,’ etc.) is difficult (cf. HPS); del. with G Th Dr Bu.

I.צור TWOT^, (√ of foll.; cf. possibly Arabic صَارَ (و) (ṣāra (w)) cause to incline, lean; NH = BH (rare), so Aramaic ܨܰܘܪܳܐ (ṣawro) (cf. Kö^{. 1, 90}), צַוְּרָא).

†צַוָּאר S TWOT GK n.m. ψ 75:6 neck, back of neck;—abs. צ׳ Is 8:8 +, cstr. צַוַּאר Je 28:10 + 3 times; sf. צַוָּארִי La 1:14, צַוָּרָם Ne 3:5, etc.; pl. cstr. צַוְּארֵי Ju 8:21 +; sf. צַוָּארָיו Gn 27:16 +, צַוְּארֵיכֶם Je 27:12, †צַוְּארֹתֵיכֶם Mi 2:3;— 1. neck, especially back of neck, of man, wearing chain as ornament Gn 41:42 (E), so of woman Ct 1:10, cf. Ju 5:30 (read perhaps צַוָּארַי for -רֵי), elsewhere in Gn usually pl. intens., of individual, נָפַל עַל־צ׳ 45:14 (E), 46:29; 33:4 (Qr; Kt sg.), so בָּכָה עַל־צ׳ 45:14; 46:29 (all J); חֶלְקַת צַוָּארָיו 27:16 smooth part of neck (J); neck of beautiful woman Ct 4:4; 7:5; neck as pressed by foot of conqueror Jos 10:24⁽⁾ (JE); place of yoke Gn 27:40 (sg.; J), Dt 28:48 Is 10:27 Je 27:2, 8, 11, 12; 28:10, 11, 12, 14; 30:8; of transgressions as yoke La 1:14; place of bonds Is 52:2; of bearing load, Ne 3:5 (fig.), hence calamity as burden Mi 2:3; neck as smitten with sword Ez 21:34; עַד־צ׳ as measurement of height (depth; in fig.) Is 8:8; 30:28 Hb 3:13; בְּצ׳ עָתָק fig. ψ 75:6 speak not with arrogant neck (si vera l.; but read perhaps בַּצּוּר against the Rock, G κατὰ τοῦ θεοῦ, Bae Hup-Now Che Kau); of wicked, rushing against God Jb 15:26.—עַל־צַוָּארֵנוּ נִרְדָּ֔פְנוּ La 5:5 is dubious; Matthes Löhr Bae עֹל עַל־וגו׳; Bu עֹל צַוּ׳, and הֲדָפָנוּ or יֶהְדְּפֵנוּ for נִר׳. 2. neck of animals, camels (wearing ornament) Ju 8:21, 26; heifer Ho 10:11 (i.e. place of yoke, in fig. of Ephr.); horse Jb 39:19, crocodile 41:14.

†[צַוָּרוֹן] n.[m.] pl. necklace;—sf. אַחַד עֲנָק מִצַּוְּרֹנָ֑יִךְ Ct 4:9.

II. צוּר S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , , ,} vb. confine, bind, besiege (NH id., wrap (rare); Aramaic צוּר besiege, beleaguer);—Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Dt 14:25, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר 1 K 20:1 +, 2 ms. תָּצוּר Dt 20:19, etc.; Imv. fs. צוּרִ֫י Is 21:2 (after עֲלִי Kö^{. 444}, cf.Ges ^{72 s}); Inf. cstr. לָצוּר 1 S 23:8; Pt. pl. צָרִים 1 K 15:27 +;— 1. confine, secure (|| I. צרר), acc. rei + ב of receptacle Dt 14:25 2 K 5:23 Ez 5:3; complem. om. 2 K 12:11. 2. shut in, besiege, c. עַל of city 2 S 11:1 1 K 15:27; 16:17; 20:1 2 K 6:24, 25; 17:5; 18:9; 24:11 Is 29:3 ( + acc. of siege-works), Je 32:2; 37:5; 39:9 Dt 20:12 Ez 4:3 Dn 1:1; c. עַל pers. (Within city) 2 S 20:15 2 K 16:5 Je 21:4, 9; c. אֶל of city (for עַל) Dt 20:19; c. אֶל pers. 1 S 23:8; c. אֵת of city only 1 Ch 20:1 (|| 2 S 11:1 supr.); abs. Is 21:2.—הִנָּם צָרִים אֶת־הָעִיר עָלֶיךָ Ju 9:31 is corrupt; Frankenb^{Richterbuch 28} Bu GFM Now מְעִרִים inciting against. 3. shut up, enclose: נָצוּר עָלֶיהָ לוּחַ אָ֑רֶז Ct 8:9 (על of maid [under fig. of door] + acc. mater., cf. Is 29:3 supr.); c. sf. pers. ψ 139:5 (fig., י׳ subj.).

†i. מָצוֹר S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, , ,} n.[m.] siege-enclosure, siege, entrenchment;—always מ׳ abs., exc. cstr. מְצוֹר Ez 4:7, sf. מְצוּרֶ֑ךָ v 8;— 1. siege מ׳ שָׂם עָלֵינוּ Mi 4:14 he hath laid siege to us, cf. וְנָתַתָּ֫ עָלֶיהָ מ׳ Ez 4:2; בּוֹא בַמּ׳ is come into a state of siege Dt 20:19 2 K 24:10; 25:2 Je 52:5, cf. וְהָֽיְתָה בַמּ׳ Ez 4:3; יוֹשֶׁבֶת֯י בַּמּ׳ Je 10:17; מְצוֹר יְרו׳ Ez 4:7 siege of Jerus., but also מ׳ עַל־יְרו׳ Zc 12:2; יְמֵי מ׳ of duration of siege Ez 4:8; 5:2; מֵי מ׳ Na 3:14 water for a siege; in phr. בְּמ׳ וּבְמָצוֹק in the siege and stress Dt 28:53, 55, 57 Je 19:9. 2. enclosure, i.e. 4 Dt 20:20; late = rampart Zc 9:3, עִיר מ׳ entrenched city ψ 31:22 (al. besieged), 60:11 (|| 108:11 ע׳מִבְצָר), cf. 2 Ch 8:5; עָרִים לְמ׳ 11:5, ישְׁבִים בְּמ׳ בִּירוּשָׁלַם 32:10; מ׳ Hb 2:1 according to most (|| מִשְׁמֶרֶת); but We der. from נצר, i.e. watch-tower, Now conj. מִצְפֶּה (cf. וַאֲצַפֶּה foll.); > Buhl conj. מְצָד—מ׳ n.pr.terr. v. p. 596.

†מְצוּרָה S TWOT GK n.f. siege-works, rampart;—abs. מ׳ Na 2:2 2 Ch 14:5; pl. מְצוּרוֹת 2 Ch 11:11 +, מְצֻרֹת Is 29:3, etc.;— 1. 2 Is 29:3. 2. rampart נָצוֹר מ׳ Na 2:2 guard the rampart! (|| צַפֵּה דֶרֶךְ; We Now der. from נצר, i.e. keep watch!), 2 Ch 11:11, עָרֵי מְצוּרָה 14:5 fortified cities, so עָרֵי (הַ)מְצֻרוֹת 11:10, 23; 12:4; 21:3.

†III. [צוּר S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , , ,} ] vb. shew hostility to, treat as foe (c. acc. pers.) (akin to II. צרר, to which SS assign the forms, but cf. Arabic ضَارَ (ى) (ḍāra (y)) act unjustly, also defraud; Syriac ܥܝܳܪܬܳܐ (˓yorto), rival wife);—Qal Pf. 1 s. וְצַרְתִּ֫י אֶת־צֹרֲרֶיךָ Ex 23:22 (subj. י׳; || וְאָיַבְתִּ֫י אֶת־אֹיְבֶיךָ); Impf. 2 ms. אַל־תָּ֫צַר אֶת־מוֹאָב Dt 2:9; 2 mpl. sf. אַל־תְּצֻרֵם v 19; Pt. הַצָּרִים אוֹתָם Est 8:11.

†IV. [צוּר S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , , ,} ] vb. fashion, delineate (NH id.; so Aramaic צוּר, ܨܘܪ, ܨܳܪ; ܨܽܘܪܬܳܐ (ṣwr, ṣor; ṣurto) picture, Sab. צור, pl. צורת Hom ¹²⁵ Mordtm ^{14, 15}; Arabic صُورَةٌ (ṣūratun) is loan-word according to Fra²⁷²);—Qal Pf. 2 ms. וְצַרְתָּ֫ Ez 43:11 (for MT צוּרַת) according to G We Sm Co Toy Berthol Krae, and thou shalt delineate the house (cf. הַגֵּד v 10, הוֹדַע וּכְתֹב v 11); Impf. 3 ms. וַיָּ֫צַר אֹתוֹ בַּחֶרֶט Ex 32:4 (E) and fashioned it [the gold] 6 וַיָּ֫צַר אֶת־שְׁנֵי הָעַמּוּדִים 1 K 7:15 ( + acc. mater.), read וַיִּצֹּק (יצק), so G SS Kit Benz cf. Th; 1 s. sf. אצורך Je 1:5 Kt, v. יצר.

†[צוּרָה S TWOT GK] n.f. form, fashion;—cstr. צוּרַת Ez 43:11 v. foreg.; sf. צוּרָתוֹ v 11 (G מִצְוֹתָיו, so Co, or תּוֹרֹתָיו, so Berthol Krae; Toy as MT); so also Kt v 11:11 (Qr pl. sf. צוּרֹתָיו) 2nd of these del. as dittogr. all moderns; 1st read as Kt Co Berthol, as Qr Toy; sg. sf. צוּרָם (Ges ^91e Kö ^{ii. 1, 440}) ψ 49:15 Qr (Kt צירם) their form (of the dead).

†i. [צִיר S^{, ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , ,} ] n.m. image;—pl. צִירִים Is 45:16 = idols; sg. sf. צירם ψ 49:15 Kt their form (v. צוּרָה).

V. צור TWOT^, (√ of foll.; || III. צרר; cf. SI ^{3, 6} צר, rock, Aramaic טוּרָא, ܛܰܘܪܳܐ (ṭawro) hill, so Palm. pl. טוריא).

†i. צוּר S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , , ,} n.m. Jb 29:6 rock, cliff;—צ׳ abs. Ex 17:6 +, cstr. Dt 8:15 +; sf. צוּרִי 2 S 22:3, etc.; pl. צֻרִים Nu 23:9 +, צוּרוֹת Jb 28:10; cstr. צוּרֵי 1 S 24:3 (Gi v 2);— 1. a. rocky wall, cliff, Ex 17:6⁽⁾ (E), Dt 8:15 (צ׳ הַחַלָּמִישׁ), Is 48:21⁽⁾ ψ 78:15, 20; 105:41; 114:8 (|| חַלָּמִישׁ); בּוֹא בַצּ׳ Is 2:10, בִּמְעָרוֹת צֻרִים v 19, בְּנִקְרוֹת הַצּ׳ v 21, cf. Ex 33:21, 22 (JE); yielding honey (from its clefts) ψ 81:17 (cf. 32:13; Dy Perles ³⁴ We read צוּף); as look-out Nu 23:9 (JE), home of goats 1 S 24:3 (Gi v 2), snow-covered Je 18:14; bearing (olives for) oil Dt 32:13 (חַלְמִישׁ צ׳), Jb 29:6; resort of homeless 24:8, pierced by miners 28:10, cf. perhaps שִׁית בְּצ׳ נְחָלִים אוֹפִיר 22:24 deposit (thy) gold in the rock of the wadys (most sub צֹר pebble); as quarry, fig. of Abr. as ancestor of Isr. Is 51:1; place of security 1 Ch 11:15, צ׳ הַמִּישׁוֹר Je 21:13 (of city), fig. ψ 27:5; 61:3; symb. of firmness Na 1:6 Jb 14:18; 18:4; enduring material 19:24. b. rock with flat surface 2 S 21:10 Pr 30:19. c. block of stone, boulder Ju 6:21; 13:19 (as altar); cf. צוּר מִכְשׁוֹל Is 8:14 (|| אֶבֶן נֶגֶף). d. rock with specif. name, צ׳ עוֹרֵב Ju 7:25 Is 10:26. 2. a. fig. of God (33 times) as support and defence of his people (often || אֱלֹהִים, י׳, etc.), צ׳ מָעֻזֵּךְ Is 17:10, צ׳ מָעוֹז ψ 31:3, צ׳ עֻזִּי 62:8, צ׳ מָעוֹן 71:3, צ׳ יְשֻׁעָתוֹ Dt 32:15 cf. 2 S 22:47 b (but del., v. || ψ 18:47), ψ 89:27; 95:1, צ׳ וִישׁוּעָתִי 62:3, 7, צ׳ מַחְסִי 94:22, צ׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל Is 30:29 2 S 23:3 (personif.), צוּרִי ψ 18:3, 47 = 2 S 22:3, 47a, ψ 19:15; 28:1; 92:16; 144:1, צ׳ לְבָבִי 73:26, צוּרֵנוּ Dt 32:31, צוּרָם v 30 ψ 78:35; c. בְּ essent. בְּיָהּ י׳ צ׳ עוֹלָמִים Is 26:4 (cf. ψ 62:8; v. ב I. 7 c); as n.pr. dei (the) Rock Dt 32:4, 18 (צ׳ יְלָֽדְךָ), v 37 Hb 1:12, + (perhaps) ψ 75:6 (read בַּצּוּר, v. צַוָּאר; v. also פְּדָהצוּר). b. of a heathen god Dt 32:31, 37, cf. Is 44:8, מִי צוּר מִבַּלְעֲדֵי א׳ 2 S 22:32 || ψ 18:32, cf. 1 S 2:2.—Vid. also בֵּית צוּר and חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים.—ψ 89:44 v. צֹר sub III. צרר, 49:15 v. צוּרָה sub IV. צור.

†ii. צוּר S^{, , ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , , ,} n.pr.m. Σουρ (Rock);— 1. a prince of Midian Nu 25:15; 31:8 Jos 13:21. 2. Gibeonite 1 Ch 8:30; 9:36. צוֹר, צֹר Tyre v. p. 862.

†צוּרִיאֵל S GK n.pr.m. (my rock is Ēl);—a Levite Nu 3:35, Σουριηλ.

†צוּרִישַׁדָּ֑י n.pr.m. Σουρ(ε)ισαδαι[ε] (my rock is Shadday);—a Simeonite Nu 1:6; 2:12; 7:36, 41; 10:19.

צוֹר S TWOT GK Tyre v. צֹר.

צַוָּר צַוְּרֹנִים S TWOT GK v. צַוָּאר.

[צוּת S TWOT GK] Hiph. Is 27:4 v. יצת.

צַח S TWOT GK v. צחת.

צִחָא v. צִיחָא.

צחה TWOT (√ of foll.; Arabic صَحَا (و) (ṣaḥā (w)) be cloudless, Ethiopic ጸሐወ, ጽሕወ (ṣaḥawa, ṣəḥwa) Aramaic צְחָא, צְחִי be thirsty).

†[צִחֶה S TWOT GK] adj. intens. parched (cf. Ges ^{84 b c});—cstr. צִחֵה צָמָא Is 5:13 parched with thirst.

†[צָחַח S TWOT GK] vb. be dazzling (T צַחְצַח polish; Syriac ܨܰܚ (ṣaḥ) be scorched, Aph. declare in writing (make clear), ܨܰܚܺܝܚܳܐ (ṣaḥiḥo) clarus, lucidus, fulgidus; صَحْصَحَانٌ, صَحْصَحٌ (ṣaḥṣaḥānun, ṣaḥṣaḥun), smooth, plain);—Qal Pf. 3 pl. צַחוּ מֵחָלָב La 4:7 (|| זַכּוּ מִשֶּׁלֶג), they are more dazzling (i.e. whiter) than milk (of effeminate skin).

†צַח S TWOT GK adj. dazzling, glowing, clear;—חֹם צַת Is 18:4 glowing heat; רוּחַ צַח Je 4:11 glowing wind; דּוֹדִי צַח וְאָדוֹם Ct 5:10 my beloved is dazzling (white) and ruddy (cf. La 4:7); fpl. לְדַבֵּר צַחוֹת Is 32:4 to speak clear (words), clearly.

†[צָחִיחַ S TWOT GK] n.[m.] shining, glaring, surface cstr. צְחִיחַ סֶלַע i.e. a smooth, bare, rock Ez 24:7, 8; 26:4, 14; pl. בַּצְּחִיחִים Ne 4:7 Qr (Kt בַּצְּחִחִיִּים), in glaring, bare places (?).

†צְחִיחָה S TWOT GK n.f. scorched land;—צ׳ ψ 68:7.

†[צַחְצָחָה] n.[f.] scorched region;—pl. צַחְצָחוֹת Is 58:11.

צחן TWOT (√ of foll.; NH צַחֲנָה = BH; Aramaic צְחַנְתָּא stinking fluid, ܨܚܰܢ, ܨܰܚܢܳܐ (ṣḥan, ṣaḥno) foul).

†[צַחֲנָה S TWOT GK] n.f. stench;—sf. צַחֲנָתוֹ Jo 2:20 (|| בָּאְשׁוֹ).—Cf. עפר צחנה Ecclus 11:12.

†[צָחַק S TWOT GK] vb. laugh (Arabic ضَحِكَ (ḍaḥika), laugh, Syriac ܓܚܶܟ (gḥek), cf. BA ³⁴; v. also שׂחק);—Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽחֲקָה Gn 18:13, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִצֲחַק־ Gn 21:6, וַיִּצְחָ֑ק 17:17; 3 fs. וַתִּצְחַק 18:12;—laugh, Gn 18:12, 13, 15⁽⁾ (J), 17:17 (P); c. ל at, concerning, 21:6. Pi. Impf. וַיְצַחֵק Ju 16:25; Inf. cstr. לְצַחֵק Ex 32:6, (בִּי) לְצַ֫חֶק בָּנוּ Gn 39:14, 17; Pt. מְצַחֵק Gn 19:14; 26:8, מְצַחֶ֑ק 21:9;— 1. jest Gn 19:14 (J). 2. sport, play Gn 21:9 (E) Ex 32:6 (J); make sport for Ju 16:25 (לִפְנֵי; || וִישַׂחֶק־לָ֑נוּ); toy with (אֶת), of conjugal caresses Gn 26:8 (cf. Doughty ^{i. 231}), make a toy of, c. ב, 39:14, 17 (all J).

†צְחֹק S TWOT GK n.[m.] laughter;—צְחֹק עָשָׂה לִי א׳ Gn 21:6 (E) laughter hath God caused for me; = 2, תִּהְיֶה לְצ׳ וּלְלַעַג Ez 23:32 (del. G Hi Co Berthol Siegf Krae; not Toy).

יִצְחָק S^, TWOT GK^, ₁₀₈, יִשְׂחָק S TWOT^, GK₄ n.pr.m. Ισαακ: Isaac, son of Abr. and Sarah (he laugheth, cf. play upon name Gn 18:12 f. (J), 21:6 (E), 17:17, 19 (P); 26:8 (J));—יִצְּחָק Gn 21:3, 4, 5 (E) +, 24:62, 63, 67 (J) +, 17:19, 21 (P) +, (80 times Gn, 9 times Ex, 7 times Dt), Lv 26:42 Nu 32:11 Jos 24:3, 4, 1 K 18:36 2 Ch 13:23 1 Ch 1:28, 34⁽⁾; 16:16; 29:18 2 Ch 30:6; †יִשְׂחָק Je 33:26 ψ 105:9, and ( = Israel) בָּמוֹת יִשְׂחָק Am 7:9, בֵּית יִשְׂחָק v 16.

צחר TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic صَحَرَ (ṣaḥara) xi. dry up, become yellow [parched by sun], صُحْرَةٌ (ṣuḥratun) reddish-gray colour (v. Müll ^{Königsb. Stud. i. 6})).

†[צַ֫חַר S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] n.[m.] reddish-gray, tawny;—צֶמֶר צָ֑חַר Ez 27:18 4, or (Hi-Sm Krae), of land Ṣachar (si vera l.; Co del. צחר as dittogr.).

†[צָחֹר S TWOT GK] adj. tawny;—fpl. אֲתֹנוֹת צְחֹרוֹת Ju 5:10.

†צֹ֫חַר S GK n.pr.m. 1. father of Ephron the Hittite Gn 23:8; 25:9, Σααρ. 2. son of Simeon Gn 46:10 Ex 6:15, Σααρ. 3. name in Judah 1 Ch 4:7 Qr (וְצֹחַר; Kt יצחר), Σααρ, GL Εισαρ.

יִצְחָר S GK 1 Ch 4:7 Kt, v. foregoing.

†i. צִי S^, TWOT^, GK^, n.m. Is 33:21 ship (loan-word from Egypt. t’aī, according to Bondi ⁶⁶, cf. Erman ^{xlvi (1892), 123} DHM ^{viii. 7, 165});—abs. צִי אַדִּיר Is 33:21 a majestic ship; pl. צִים Nu 24:24 (JE), Ez 30:9 (בַּצּ׳; but G σπεύδοντες, cf. S, whence Co Berthol אָצִים).

†ii. [צִי S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] n.m. Je 50:39 a wild beast, proposes either desert-dweller (denom. from צִיָּה, so most), or crier, yelper (√ צוה = صوى (ṣwy) [yelp, Dozy], Ba ¹⁸⁸, cf. Ew ^{146 g, note});—in any case a specif. animal, but not certainly identif.; Bo ^{i, lib. 3, § 14}, cp. Arabic ضَيْوَنٌ (ḍaywanun) wild cat;—pl. צִיִּים Is 13:21 (f. אִיִּים v 22), 23:13; 34:14 ( + אִיִּים), Je 50:39 (id.; all betokening desolation); לְעַם לְצ׳ ψ 74:14 (read לְעַם צ׳ Hup-Now Bae); appar. of people 72:9, but prob. corrupt, Ol conj. צָרִים (|| אֹיְבָיו), and so most moderns.

צִיבָא S GK and (2 S 16:4) צִבָא₁₆ n.pr.m. Σ(ε)ιβα: servant of Saul’s house, 2 S 9:2⁽⁾ + 14 times 9, 10, 11.

†צִידוֹן S GK and (Gn 10:15, 19; 49:3) צִידֹן n.pr.loc. Sîdôn, Σιδων, ancient Phoenician city, on coast N. of Tyre (in Assyrian Ṣidun(n)u, COT; TelAm. Ṣiduna, Ph. צדן, Old Aramaic צידן; in Egypt. Dï-(d)u-na, WMM^{As. u. Kur. 184});—‘first-born’ of Canaan Gn 10:15 = 1 Ch 1:13; northern limit of Canaanite Gn 10:19, cf. 49:13; defined as צ׳ רַבָּה Jos 11:8 (so 19:28 infr.); also Ju 1:31; 10:6 (אֱלֹהֵי צ׳), 18:28 1 K 17:9; named with Tyre Jos 19:28 (cf. v 29), 2 S 24:6 (cf. v 7), Is 23:2, 4 and בְּתוּלַת בַּת־צ׳ v 12 (cf. v 5, etc.), Je 25:22; 27:3; 47:4 Ez 27:8; 28:21, 22 (cf. v 2, 12), Zc 9:2 Jo 4:4.—Vid. Pietsch ^{54 ff.} Prutz^{Aus Phönicien (1876). 98 ff.} Rob ^{ii. 478 ff.} de Luynes^{Voyage à la Mer Morte i. 18 ff., and vi–xi}. Bd ^{3 (1898), 313 ff.}.

†צִידֹנִי S GK adj.gent. of foregoing;—צ׳ Ju 3:3 Ez 32:30; elsewhere pl. צִידֹנִים Dt 3:9 +, צִידוֹנִים Ju 10:12, צִדֹנִים 18:7 + 3 times; fpl. צֵדְנִיֹּת 1 K 11:1;—as subst. = Sidonians, coll. c. art. Ez 32:30 Ju 3:3; in earlier lit. appar. = Phoenicians Dt 3:9 Jos 13:4, 6 Ju 3:3; 10:12; 18:7⁽⁾ 1 K 5:20 ( = Tyre v 15), 16:31 (if, [Jos ] Ethb. was king of Tyre also), Ez 32:30; also עַשְׁתֹּרֶת אֱלֹהֵי צ׳ 1 K 11:5, 33, cf. 2 K 23:13; named with Tyrians 1 Ch 22:4 Ezr 3:7.

ציה TWOT, צוה (√ of foll.; Arabic صَوَا (ṣawā) be parched, so Aramaic צְוָא, צְוִי (not T), ܨܘܳܐ (ṣwo) (chiefly in Lexx)).

†צִיָּה S TWOT GK n.f. dryness, drought;—abs. צ׳ Ho 2:5 +; pl. צִיּוֹת ψ 105:41;—drought Jb 24:19 (|| חֹם); elsewhere of land (often || מִדְבָּר, עֲרָבָה, etc.): אֶרֶץ צ׳ land of drought, desert Ho 2:5 (sim.), Je 2:6; 50:12 (fig.), 51:43 Is 41:18; 53:2 (in sim.), ψ 107:35; + צָמָא Ez 19:13 (fig.), + שְׁמָמָה Jo 2:20, + עָיֵף ψ 63:2 (fig.); צ׳ = desert Is 35:1 Zp 2:13 Jb 30:3 ψ 78:17; pl. 105:41.

†צָיוֹן S TWOT GK n.[m.] dryness, parched ground (on format. v. Lag ²⁰⁴);—כְּחֹרֶב בְּצ׳ Is 25:5, בְּצ׳ 32:2 (|| אֶרֶץ עֲיֵפָה; both in sim.).

צִיּוֹן S TWOT GK₁₅₄ n.pr.loc. Σ(ε)ιων; Ṣîyyôn, Zion (Syriac ܨܶܗܝܘܿܢ (ṣehyon), older form, according to Lag ^{84, 198});—צ׳ 2 S 5:7 +; צִיּוֹ֫נָה Je 4:6;—stronghold (of Jebusites), מְצֻדַת צ׳ captured by David, and made his residence 2 S 5:7 = 1 Ch 11:5 (both + הִיא עִיר דָּוִד), on S. part of E. hill of Jerusalem, distinct from site of temple 1 K 8:1 = 2 Ch 5:2 (both מֵעִיר ד׳ הִיא צ׳), not elsewhere in narrative, but often in poets and proph.: as name of Jerus., from political point of view (sometimes = inhabitants), Am 6:7 (|| הַר־שֹׁמְרוֹן), || יְרוּשָׁלַםִ Mi 3:10, 12 = Je 26:18, Is 4:3; 30:19; 40:9; 41:27; 52:1; 62:1; 64:9 Zp 3:16 Zc 1:14, 17 ψ 51:20 and (בַּת־צ׳) Is 52:2 Mi 4:8 (|| בַּת־יְרוּשׁ׳), La 2:13 (|| id.), also (יוֹשֶׁבֶת צ׳) Je 51:35; = Jerus. also Is 14:32; 33:5 +, so especially in phr. בְּנוֹת צ׳ Is 3:16, 17; 4:4 Ct 3:11, בְּנֵי צ׳ La 4:2 Jo 2:23 ψ 149:2 (|| יִשְׂרָאֵל), cf. Zc 9:13, יָֽלְדָה צ׳ אֶת־בָּנֶיהָ Is 66:8, and even הַר־צ׳ 2 K 19:31 = Is 37:32 (both || יְרוּשׁ׳), Is 29:8 (|| אֲרִיאֵל v 7), Ob 17, 21 ψ 48:12 (|| בְּנוֹת יֶהוֹדָה), 125:1; so also הַר־בַּת צ׳ Is 16:1 and 10:32 Qr (Kt בית: || גִּבְעַת־יְרוּשׁ׳); cf. מְרוֹם־צ׳ Je 31:12; in foll. הַר־צ׳ might refer to temple-hill Is 10:12 ( + יְרוּשׁ׳), 31:4 ( + גִּבְעָתָהּ = יְרוּשׁ׳ v 5), La 5:18 Jo 3:5 ( + יְרוּשׁ׳); specif. of Jerus. as abode of י׳ and place of his worship Am 1:2 Is 31:9 Zc 8:3 Mi 4:2 = Is 2:3, Jo 4:16 ψ 102:22; 135:21; 147:12 (all || יְרוּשׁ׳), 76:3 (|| שָׁלֵם); partic. of sanctuary 20:3 (|| קֹדֶשׁ), 14:7 = 53:7 +; of Jerus. הַר־צ׳ ψ 48:3 (|| קִרְיַת מֶלֶךְ רָ֑ב), 78:68 (|| שֵׁבֶט יְהוּדָה), Is 24:23 (|| יְרוּשׁ׳), etc.; הַרֲרֵי צ׳ in same sense †ψ 133:3; particularly of sanctuary Is 4:5 and (|| הַר־קָדְשִׁי) Jo 2:1; 4:17; צ׳ הַר־קָדְשִׁי ψ 2:6 is seat of king.—Vid. also בַּת־צ׳, הַר־צ׳, ישֶׁבֶת צ׳, sub בַּת, הַר, יָשַׁב.

צָיוֹן S TWOT GK v. ציה.

צִיּוּן S TWOT GK v. צוה.

†צִיחָא S GK n.pr.m. an overseer of Nethinim Ne 11:21, who are called בְּנֵי צִיחָא Ezr 2:43 = בְּנֵי צִחָא Ne 7:46; Σηα, Σιααυ, Σιαλ, Σουλαι, etc.

צִיִּים, צִים v. i, ii. צִי.

צִין n.pr.loc. v. צִן.

צִינֹק S TWOT GK v. צנק.

צִיעֹר S GK v. צער.

ציף v. ii. צוּף.

i. צִיץ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} , צִיצָה S GK v. I. [צוּץ].

†ii. צִיץ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.[m.] meaning dubious; only in תְּנוּ־צִיץ לְמוֹאָב Je 48:9 usually (after AW Ra Ki al.) wings (coll.) (cf. Aramaic צִיץ 6, Thes Gf al.); cf. Perles ⁴⁶, who reads נוֹצִיץ (wing-) feathers (as in Aramaic); G σημεια, whence Gie 6, reading צִיּוּן,—or נֵס,—(indicating flight).

†iii. צִיץ S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.pr.loc. in מַעֲלֵה הַצּ׳ 2 Ch 20:16; ה perhaps radical, cf. Wady Ḥaṣâṣâ, and plateau Ḥaṣâṣâ, N. of Engedi, Buhl ⁹⁷; G Ασαε, GL τῆς ἐξοχῆς Ασισα.

†צִיצִת S TWOT GK n.f. tassel, lock (√ dub.; NH id., so T צִיצִיתָא, Syriac ܨܽܘܨܺܝܬܳܐ (ṣuṣito); cf. Arabic نَاصِيَةُن (nāṣiyatun) hair on forehead);—צ׳ abs. Nu 15:38, 39 tassel on flowing ends (כַּנְפֵי) of garments, cstr. צ׳ הַכָּנָף v 38 (v. Kennedy ^{ii. 69, fringes}); צ׳ רֹאשִׁי Ez 8:3 lock of hair on forehead.

צִיקְלַג v. צִקְלַג.

I. ציר TWOT^, (√ of foll.; cf. صَارَ (ى) (ṣāra (y)) become, attain to, go; perhaps Sab. (Min.) ציר (cause to become), form Hom ¹²⁵); on Hithp. Jos 9:4 v. [ציד] sub II. צוד.

†ii. צִיר S^{, ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , ,} n.m. Pr 25:13 envoy, messenger;—צ׳ abs. Je 49:14 +, cstr. Pr 13:17; pl. צִירִים Is 18:2; sf. צִרַיִךְ 57:9;—envoy, from Cush Is 18:2, from apostate Isr. 57:9; from י׳ Je 49:14 = Ob 1; messenger in gen. צִיר אֱמוּנִים Pr 13:17, צ׳ נֶאֱמָן 25:13.—i. צִיר v. IV. צור.

II. ציר TWOT^, (√ of foll.; ? turn, revolve; NH צִּיר pivot (of door), hinge, so Arabic صَاىِٔرٌ (ṣā˒irun) (cf. سَيَّار (sayyār), Dozy ^{i. 712b}); cf. Arabic صار (ṣ˒r) (med. a) = turn or incline one’s face or neck, or a bough etc. Lane ¹⁷⁴⁴. perhaps Assyrian ṣirru; Aramaic צִירְתָּא, ܨܰܝܳܪܬܳܐ (ṣayorto)).

†iii. [צִיר S^{, ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , ,} ] n.[m.] pivot (of door), hinge;—sf. הַדֶּלֶת תִּסּוֹב עַל־צִירָהּ Pr 26:14 (in || of sluggard).

†iv. [צִיר S^{, ,} TWOT^{, , ,} GK^{, , , ,} ] n.[m.] pang (proposes writhing);—pl. צִירִים Is 13:8; 21:3; cstr. צִירֵי 21:3; sf. צִירַי Dn 10:16, צִרֶיהָ 1 S 4:19;—pangs of childbirth 1 S 4:19, so (sim.) Is 21:3; and, of terror, 13:8 ( + חֲבָלִים), 21:3; in gen., of physical effects of mental distress Dn 10:16.

צֵל S^, TWOT GK, צִלָּה S GK v. III. צלל.

†[צָלָה S TWOT GK] vb. roast flesh (NH id.; so Arabic صَلَا (ى) (ṣalā (y)), Ethiopic ጸለወ (ṣalawa));—Qal Impf. 3 ms. יִצְלֶה צָלִי Is 44:16 he roasteth a roast; 1 s. אֶצְלֶה בָשָׂר v 19; Inf. cstr. לִצְלוֹת 1 S 2:15 give flesh (בָּשָׂר) to roast.

†צָלִי S TWOT GK adj. et n.m. roasted, roast;—cstr. (as adj.) צְלִי־אֵשׁ (P) of flesh (בָּשָׂר) Ex 12:8, 9 (opp. מְבֻשָּׁל בַּמָּ֑יִם); abs. as subst. cogn. Is 44:16 v. [צָלָה].

†I. [צָלַח S TWOT GK^, ] vb. rush;—(Thes al. cp. T צְלַח, Syriac ܨܠܰܚ (ṣlaḥ), cleave, penetrate, then advance, v. foll.);—Qal Pf. 3 fs. וְצָֽלְחָה consec. 1 S 10:6; 3 pl. וְצָֽלְחוּ 2 S 19:18; Impf. 3 ms. יִצְלַח Am 5:6 (v. infr.), 3 fs. וַתִּצְלַח Ju 14:6 +;—rush, וְצ׳ הַיַּרְדֵּן 2 S 19:18 they rushed into the Jordan (dub., v. Dr HPS), יִצ׳ כָּאֵשׁ בֵּית יוֹסֵף 5:6 lest he rush like fire upon the house of Joseph (or O house, etc. GASm; Now conj. יַצִּית בָּאֵשׁ); especially of sudden possession by (אֱלֹהִים) רוּחַ י׳, c. עַל pers. Ju 14:6 the Spirit … rushed upon him, so v 19; 15:14 1 S 10:6, 10; 11:6; c. אֶל pers. 16:13 and (of רוּחַ א׳ רָעָה) 18:10.

†II. [צָלֵחַ, צָלַח S TWOT GK^, ] vb. advance, prosper (NH id.; Ph. Pi. causat. in n.pr.; Arabic صَلَحَ (ṣalaḥa) be in good condition, cf. Sab. הצלח SabDenkm ⁹³; Aramaic צְלַח, ܨܠܰܚ (ṣlaḥ) prosper);—Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָלֵ֑חָה Je 12:1; Impf. 3 ms. יִצְלַח Je 13:7 +, etc.; Imv. ms. צְלַח ψ 45:5; prosper, of way of wicked Je 12:1, cf. Nu 14:41 Is 53:10; 54:17 Ez 17:9, 10 Dn 11:27; c. ל rei, = be good for anything Je 13:7, 10 Ez 15:4; subj. pers., abs., Je 22:30⁽⁾ Ez 17:15, ψ 45:5 be successful! וַתִּצְלְחִי לִמְלוּכָה Ez 16:13 and thou didst prosper to royalty (dub.; del. G Co Toy; > Sta ^{vi (1886), 337 f.} Krae לִמְלָאכָה i.e. harlotry). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִצְלִיחַ Gn 24:21, 2 ms. וְהִצְלַחְתָּ֫ 1 Ch 22:11, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַצְלִיחַ Ne 2:20 +, וַיַּצְלַח 1 Ch 29:23 2 Ch 32:30, etc.; Imv. ms. הַצְלַח 1 K 22:12 +, הַצְלִ֫יחָה Ne 1:11, יחָ֫ה—ִ ψ 118:25, etc.; Pt. מַזְלִיחַ Gn 24:42 +;— 1. make prosperous, bring to successful issue, of י׳, c. acc. of man’s way (דֶּרֶךְ), Gn 24:21, 40, 42, 56 (J), c. acc. rei Gn 39:3, 23 (J), c. acc. pers. 2 Ch 26:5, c. ל pers. Ne 1:11; 2:20; abs. send success ψ 118:25; human subj. c. acc. דֶּרֶךְ Dt 28:29 Jos 1:8 (D), Is 48:15 ψ 37:7, so prob. 1:3 (al. sub 2), 2 Ch 7:11; c. acc. מִרְמָה Dn 8:25. 2. shew, experience, prosperity, of men 1 K 22:12, 15 = 2 Ch 18:11, 14, Je 2:37 ( + ל pers. in ref. to whom) 5:28; 32:5 1 Ch 22:11, 13; 29:23 2 Ch 13:12; 14:6; 20:20; 24:20; 31:21; 32:30 (בְּכָל־מַעֲשֵׂהוּ), Pr 28:13 Dn 8:12 (of horn), v 24; 11:36; אִישׁ מַצְלִיחַ Gn 39:2 (J) a prosperous man; subj. דֶּרֶךְ Ju 18:5 (cf. ψ 1:3 supr.), י׳’s word Is 55:11.

III. צלח TWOT (√ of foll.; NH צְלֹחִית = BH; cf. Aramaic צְלוּחִיתָא, ܨܠܽܘܚܺܝܬܳܐ (ṣluḥito) (in Lexx) flat dish; Ethiopic ጻሕል (ṣāḥl) Amhar. ጽንሐ, ጽና (ṣənḥa, ṣənā) (v. Prä ^{§ 65c}); Arabic صَحْنٌ (ṣaḥnun), all bowl, dish; v. Frä^63.170).

†[צֵלָחָה S TWOT] n.[f.] pot for cooking;—pl. צֵלָחוֹת 2 Ch 35:13 ( + סִירוֹת, דְּוָדִים).

†צַלַּ֫חַת S^, TWOT^, GK n.f. dish;—2 K 21:13 (sim.), צַלָּ֑חַת Pr 19:24; 26:15 (v. טמן).

†צְלֹחִית S TWOT GK n.f. jar;—צ׳ חֲדָשָׁה 2 K 2:20.

צָלִי S TWOT GK v. צלה.

†I. [צָלַל S^{, ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} ] vb. tingle, quiver (NH צִלְצֵל whirr; Arabic صَلَّ, صَلْصَلَ (ṣalla, ṣalṣala); T צְלַל; Syriac ܨܰܠ (ṣal));—Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָֽלְלוּ Hb 3:16; Impf. 3 fpl. תְּצִלֶּינָה 1 S 3:11, תִּצַּלְנָה (Ges ^67g) 2 K 21:12 Je 19:3;—tingle, of ears, at horrid sound 1 S 3:11 2 K 21:12 Je 19:3 (all of dreadful news); of lips, quiver in terror Hb 3:16.

i. [צִלְצָל S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] n.[m.] whirring, buzzing;—cstr. אֶרֶץ צִלְצַל כְּנָפָ֑יִם Is 18:1 land of buzzing of (insects’) wings (so prob.; other views v. in Di).

†ii. [צִלְצָל S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ] n.[m.] spear (from whizzing);—cstr. צִלְצַל דָּגִים Jb 40:31 2.

†צְלָצַ֑ל S TWOT^, GK n.m. a whirring locust (cf. Assyrian ṣarṣaru, Arabic صَرْصَرٌ (ṣarṣarun), Syriac ܨܺܝܨܪܳܐ, ܨܰܪܨܽܘܪܳܐ (ṣiṣro, ṣarṣuro); Lag ^{Abh. 145, N. 9});—Dt 28:42 (devouring; not identif.; Tr^{NHB 313}).

†צֶלְצְלִים n.m.pl. musical instr. of percussion, cymbals (with clashing sound; NH צֶלְצַל, Aramaic צֶלְצְלִין, ܨܺܝܨܠܴܐ (ṣiṣlo));—צ׳ 2 S 6:5 ( + מְנַעַנְעִים, q.v.; || 1 Ch 13:8 מְצִלְתַּיִם); cstr. צִלְצְלֵי־שָׁ֑מַע ψ 150:5, צ׳ תְּרוּעָה v 5;—cf. Now ^{i. 272 f.} Benz^{Archaeology 277} We^{ψψ 232}.

†[מְצִלָּה S TWOT GK] n.f. bell (from tinkling);—pl. cstr. מְצִלּוֹת הַסּוּס Zc 14:20.

†מְצִלְתַּיִם S TWOT GK n.f.du. cymbals (appar. later equiv. of צֶלְצְלִים where v. reff.);—מ׳ 1 Ch 13:8 (|| 2 S 6:5 v. צֶלְצְלִים), 15:19; 16:5, 42; 25:6 2 Ch 5:12, 13; 29:25 Ezr 3:10 Ne 12:27; -תָּ֑יִם 1 Ch 15:16, 28; 25:1.

†II. [צָלַל S^{, ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} ] vb. sink, be submerged (NH id.; Assyrian ṣalâlu, sink down, sink to rest, ii. launch (Hpt ^{liii; i. 127; Ball, Gen. 53}); Ethiopic ጸለለ (ṣallala) float, cf. Nes ^x: Aramaic צְלַל, ܨܰܠ (ṣal), are filter, clarify);—Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָֽלְלוּ כַּעוֹפֶרֶת בְּמַיִם Ex 15:10.

†III. [צָלַל S^{, ,} TWOT^{, ,} GK^{, ,} ] vb. be or grow dark (cf. Arabic ظَلَّ (ẓalla) be black, ظِلٌّ (ẓillun) shade; Ethiopic ጸlለለ (ṣallala) be dark; Assyrian ṣillu, shade, ṣalâlu, Pi. roof over, so Sab. טֿלל [ii.], טלת ceiling, roof, Hom ¹²⁵, cf. Palm. תטלילא; Old Aramaic טלל overshadow, Aramaic טְלָלָא, ܛܶܠܳܠܴܐ (ṭelolo) shadow);—Qal Pf. 3 pl. צָֽלְלוּ שַׁעֲרֵי יְר׳ Ne 13:19 the gates of Jerusalem grew dark, i.e. evening came on. Hiph. Pt. חֹרֶשׁ מֵצַל Ez 31:3 a shadowing wood (but del. G Co Toy Krae).

†צֵל S^, TWOT GK n.m. ψ 144:4 shadow;—צ׳ abs. 2 K 20:9 +, cstr. Gn 19:8 +; sf. צִלְּךָ ψ 121:5, צִלּוֹ Ez 31:6 +, also צִלְלוֹ Jb 40:22, etc.; pl. צְלָלִים Ct 2:17; 4:6; cstr. צִלְלֵי Je 6:4;— 1. shadow on dial 2 K 20:9, 10⁽⁾, 11 || Is 38:8; צִלְלֵי־עָ֑רֶב Je 6:4, cf. Ct 2:17; 4:6; of mt. Ju 9:36. 2. shadow, shade, as protection (from sun): of branches, Ju 9:15 (in allegory), Ho 4:13 Jb 40:22 Jon 4:5, 6 and (in fig.) Ho 14:8 Ez 17:23; 31:6, 12, 17 ψ 80:11 Ct 2:3 (of refreshment, delight); of rock Is 32:2 (sim.); צ׳ קֹרָתִי Gn 19:8 shadow of my roof; of colud Is 25:4 and (fig. of י׳’s protection 4:6; 25:4, so prob. 16:3; צ׳ כְּנָפֶיךָ shadow of thy wings, fig. of י׳’s protection ψ 17:8; 36:8; 57:2; 63:8; shade, in gen., Jb 7:2, fig. of י׳ ψ 121:5; hence = protection, defence, of city (wall) Je 48:45; of י׳ Nu 14:9 (JE), ψ 91:1 (v. also n.pr. בְּצַלְאֵל), cf. צֵל יָדוֹ Is 49:2 (covering prophet, under fig. of sword), 51:16 (covering people); of human ally Is 30:2, 3, of king La 4:20; also of wisdom Ec 7:12, money v 12.—בְּצִלָּהּ Is 34:15 appar. ref. to קִפּוֹז, but improb.; read perhaps בֵּצֶיהָ her eggs Du Che (Che transp. וּבָֽקְעָה וְדָֽגְרָה). 3. shadow as symb. of transitoriness of life Jb 8:9; 14:2 ψ 144:4 (כְּצֵל עוֹבֵר), Ec 6:12; 8:13; כְּצֵל נָטוּי of an individ. life near its end ψ 102:12, so כְּצֵל כִּנְטוֹתוֹ 109:23; in sim. of emaciated members, וִיצֻרַי כַּצֵּל Jb 17:7.

†צִלָּה S GK n.pr.f. wife of Lam. Gn 4:19, 22, 23, Σελλα.

†צִלְּתַי S GK n.pr.m. (Thes expl. as צִלַּת יָהּ);— 1. Benj., 1 Ch 8:20, Σελαθ(ε)ι. 2. צִלְתָּ֑י, Manassite, 1 Ch 12:21 (van d. H. v 20), Σεμαθει, Σιλαθα, etc.

†צַלְמָ֫וֶת S TWOT GK n.[m.] death-shadow, deep shadow, poet. (prob. = צֵל + מָוֶת, G (usually) σκιὰ θανάτου, cf. S B, so Thes Schwally^{Leben n. d. Tode, 194}, v. especially Nö ^{xvii (1897), 183 ff.}; Ew Br and most mod. (afterolder comm.) read צַלְמוּת darkness, deep darkness, cp. Arabic ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) iv, Assyrian [ṣalâmu], Ethiopic ጸልመ (ṣalma) be black, dark); cf. ظُلْمَةٌ (ẓulmatun) 6, often || חֹשֶׁךְ, לַיְלָה, etc., and opp. בֹּקֶר, אוֹר. 1. = deep shadow, darkness (cf. הַרְרֵי אֵל, אַרְזֵי אֵל): Am 5:8 Jb 3:5; 12:22; 24:17a; 28:3; 34:22; of eyes heavy with weeping 16:16; בַּלְהוֹת צ׳ 24:17b terrors of the darkness. 2. fig. a. of distress Je 13:16 ψ 107:10, 14; אֶרֶץ צ׳ Is 9:1. b. of extreme danger Je 2:6 ψ 23:4; 44:20. 3. characterizing world of the dead, אֶרֶץ חֹשֶׁךְ וצ׳ Jb 10:21, כְּמוֹ אֹפֶל צ׳ v 22 (text dub., v. Bu Du); וְשַׁעֲרֵי צ׳ 38:17 (G πυλωροὶ δὲ ᾅδου; || שַׁעֲרֵי־מָ֑וֶת).

צִלְלוֹ, צְלָלִים, צִלְלֵי v. צֵל.

†הַצְּלֶלְפּוֹנִי S GK n.pr.f. in Judah (give shade, thou that turnest to me!) 1 Ch 4:3, Εσηλεββων, etc.

IV. צלל TWOT (√ of foll.; meaning dub.; Ethiopic መጸለት (maṣallat) is unleavened bread (Di ¹²⁵⁷ as pure, unfermented, cf. ܨܰܠ (ṣal) sub II. צלל), more prob. would be designation of shape).

†צלול S TWOT GK Kt, צְלִיל S TWOT GK Qr n.m. cake, round loaf;—צ׳ לֶחֶם שְׂעֹרִים Ju 7:13 (cf. GFM).

צלם TWOT (√ of foll.; Nö ^{xl (1886), 733 f.} cp. Arabic صَلَمَ (ṣalama) cut off (e.g. an ear, a nose);—NH צֶלֶם = BH, so Assyrian ṣalmu, Sab. צלם Gildemeister ^{xxiv (1870), 180} CIS ^{iv, no. 2, 1. 4}, Aramaic צַלְמָא, ܨܰܠܡܳܐ (ṣalmo), Old Aramaic צלמא, so Nab. Palm. (also צלמתא of woman’s statue)).

†צֶ֫לֶם S TWOT GK^, n.m. Ez 16:17 image (something cut out, cf. פֶּסֶל; Nö ‘Schnitzbild’);—צ׳ abs. ψ 39:7, cstr. Gn 1:27 +; sf. צַלְמוֹ v 27; 5:3, צַלְמֵנוּ 1:26, צַלְמָם ψ 73:20; pl. cstr. צַלְמֵי 1 S 6:5⁽⁾ +, sf. צְלָמָיו 2 K 11:18 2 Ch 23:17, צַלְמֵיכֶם Am 5:26;— 1. images of tumours and mice (of gold) 1 S 6:5⁽⁾, 11; especially of heathen gods Am 5:26 (text dub.; del. We as gloss, cf. GASm Dr), 2 K 11:18 = 2 Ch 23:17 (both c. vb. שִׁבְּרוּ), Ez 7:20, so צ׳ זָכָר 16:17 (i.e. in male form, according to fig. of harlotry for idolatry); צַלְמֵי מַסֵּכֹתָם Nu 33:52 their molten images; of painted pictures of men Ez 23:14. 2. image, likeness, of resemblance, בְּצ׳ (בָּרָא) עָשָׂה, of God’s making man in his own image, Gn 1:26 (|| כִּדְמוּתֵנוּ), v 27:27; 9:6, כְּצ׳ 5:3 (|| בִּדְמוּתוֹ; all P). 3. fig. = mere, empty, image, semblance, בְּצ׳ ψ 39:7 as (ב essentiae) a (mere) semblance man walks about; צַלְמָם תִּבְזֶה 73:20 thou wilt despise their semblance.

†i. צַלְמוֹן S GK^, n.pr.mont. 1. הַר־צ׳ Ju 9:48 near Shechem, not identif., cf. GFM, Buhl ¹⁰⁰; Ερμων (erron.). 2. snow-capped mt. ψ 68:14, prob. E. of Jordan (in Ḥauran according to Wetzst, cf. Buhl ¹¹⁸), Σελμων.

†ii. צַלְמוֹן S GK^, n.pr.m. a hero of David 2 S 23:28 ( = עִילַי 1 Ch 11:29), (Σ)ελλω, GL Ελιμαν.

צַלְמָוֶת S TWOT GK v. III. צלל.

†צַלְמֹנָה S GK n.pr.loc. station of Isr. in wilderness Nu 33:41, 42, Σελμωνα.

צַלְמֻנָּע S GK₁₂ n.pr.m. a king of Midian, + זֶבַח, Ju 8:5 + 10 times Ju 8, ψ 83:12, Σελμανα, Σαλμ.

I צלע TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic ضَلَعَ (ḍala˓a), decline, deviate, ضَلِعٌ (ḍali˓un) curved; NH צֵלָע = BH, So Arabic ضِلَعٌ (ḍila˓un) Assyrian ṣêlu, Biblical Aramaic עֲלַע, עִילְעָא, Syriac ܐܶܠܥܳܐ (˒el˓o)).

צֵלָע S^, TWOT GK^, ₄₁ n.f.(m. 1 K 6:34, and appar. Ex 26:26) rib, side;—abs. צ׳ Gn 2:22 +, cstr. צֶ֫לַע Ex 26:26 +, also צֵ֫לַע 2 S 16:13; sf. צַלְעוֹ Ex 25:12 +; pl. צְלָעִים 1 K 6:34, צְלָעוֹת v 3 +; cstr. צַלְעֹת Ez 41:26 +; sf. צַלְעֹתָיו Gn 2:21 +;— 1. rib of man Gn 2:21, 22 (J). 2. rib of hill, i.e. ridge, or terrace 2 S 16:13. 3. 2 or cells (enclosing temple like ribs) 1 K 6:5, 6 (read הַצּ׳ for היצוע, v. [יָצִיעַ]), 7:3, so of Ezek.’s temple Ez 41:5 + 10 times 41 (on text v. Co Toy Krae). 4. ribs of cedar and fir, i.e. planks, boards (pl.), of temple wall 1 K 6:15, 16, floor v 15. 5. leaves of door v 34. 6. (in P) side, of ark (אֲרוֹן) Ex 25:12⁽⁾, 14 = 37:3⁽⁾, 5; of tabern. (מִשְׁכָּן) 26:20 (|| פֵּאָה v 18), v 26, 27⁽⁾ = 36:25 (|| פ׳ v 23), v 31, 32, 26:35⁽⁾; of altar 27:7 = 38:7, 30:4 = 37:27.—Je 20:10 Jb 18:12 v. צֶלַע sub II. צלע.

†צֵלַע n.pr.loc. in Benj. Jos 18:28, A GL Σελα[(ε)λαφ]; burial-place of Saul 2 S 21:14 (צֵלָׄע), ἐν τῇ πλευρᾷ; poss. = TelAm. Zilu, so Zim ^{vi. 258} Jastr ^{xi (1892), 105} (Wkl, however, thinks of סלע).

†II. [צָלַע S TWOT GK] vb. limp (Arabic ظَلَعَ (ẓala˓a), Aramaic טלע Aph.);—Qal Pt. צֹלֵעַ עַל־יְרֵכוֹ Gn 32:32 (J; of Jacob); f. הַצֹּלֵעָה as subst., of personif. Judah as flock [צֹאן] Mi 4:6, 7 Zp 3:19.

†צֶ֫לַע S TWOT GK n.[m.] limping, stumbling;—fig. of calamity, abs. לְצ׳ ψ 38:18 I am ready (נָכוֹן) for stumbling (and falling); sf. בְּצַלְעִי ψ 35:15 at my stumbling; שֹׁמְרֵי צ׳ Je 20:10 watchers of my stumbling; אֵיד נָכוֹן לְצַלְעוֹ Jb 18;12 ruin is ready for his stumbling.—Vid. also צֵלָׄע cstr.

†צָלָף S GK n.pr.m. (NH 3);—father of a wall-builder Ne 3:30, Σελε(φ), etc.

†צְלָפְחָד S GK n.pr.m. of Manasseh, Nu 26:33⁽⁾; 27:1, 7; 36:2, 6, 10, 11 Jos 17:3 1 Ch 7:15⁽⁾, Σαλπααδ, etc.

†צֶלְצַח S GK n.pr.loc. in Benj. 1 S 10:2 (si vera l.; prob. crpt. (Dr); HPS conj. מִצֵּלַע, cf. 2 S 21:14).

i, ii. [צִלְצָל S TWOT^, GK^{, ,} ], צְלָצַ֑ל S TWOT^, GK, צֶלְצְלִים v. I. צלל.

†צֶ֫לֶק S GK n.pr.m. Ammonite hero of David 2 S 23:37 = 1 Ch 11:39, Ελειε, Σελ(λ)η(κ), Σαλααδ, etc.

צִלְּתַי S GK v. III. צלל.

†[צָמֵא S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. be thirsty (NH = BH (rare); so Arabic ظَمِىَٔ (ẓami˒a), Ethiopic ጸምአ (ṣam˒a) Assyrian ṣûmu, thirst, etc.);—Qal Pf. 3 fs. צָֽמְאָה ψ 42:3; 63:2; 2 fs. וְצָמִת consec. Ru 2:9 (Ges ^{75 qq}); 1 s. צָמֵתִי Ju 4:19 (Ges ^74k); 3 pl. צָֽמְאוּ Is 28:21; Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּצְמָא Ex 17:3 Ju 15:18; 3 mpl. יִצְמָ֑אוּ Is 49:10, וַיִּצ׳ Jb 24:11; 2 mpl. תִּצְמָ֑אוּ Is 65:13;—be thirsty Ju 4:19; 15:18 Ru 2:9 Is 48:21; 49:10 (|| יִרְעָ֑בוּ), 65:13 (|| תִּרְעָ֑בוּ) Jb 24:11; c. ל rei, Ex 17:3 (E); fig. צָֽמְאָה נַפְשִׁי לֵאלֹהִים ψ 42:3 my soul thirsteth for God, cf. 63:2.

†צָמָא S TWOT GK n.[m.] thirst;—abs. צ׳ Ex 17:3 +, sf. צְמָאִי ψ 69:22, etc.;—Ex 17:3 (E), Ju 15:18 Ho 2:5 Am 8:13 La 4:4 Ne 9:20 ψ 69:22; || רָעָב Is 5:13 (van d. H. צָמָה), Dt 28:48 Ne 9:15 2 Ch 32:11; of wild asses ψ 104:11, of fish וְתָמֹת בַּצּ׳ Is 50:2, but read perhaps (or בַּצְּמֵאָה) וּבְהֶמְתָּם בַּצָּמֵא Gunk ⁹⁸ Che Marti (cf. Is 44:3 sub foll.); fig. of grief of exile Is 41:17, cf. אֶרֶץ צִיָּה וְצָמָא Ez 19;13; c. ל, thirst for water Am 8:11.—בַּצּ׳ Je 48:18 is prob. corrupt; read perhaps לַאַרֶץ (Gie), or בֶּעָפָר.

†צָמֵא S^, TWOT^, GK^, adj. thirsty;—abs. צ׳ Is 21:14 +; fs. צְמֵאָה Dt 29:18; pl. צְמֵאִים ψ 107:5;—thirsty, usually + (or ||) רָעֵב: 2 S 17:29 Pr 25:21 ψ 107:5, as subst. thirsty one Is 29:8; 32:6; so also 21:14, and (fig. of thirst for י׳’s favour) 55:1; צָמֵא 44:3 = thirsty place (Gunk proposes צְמֵאָה); הָרָוָה אֶת־הַצְּמֵאָה Dt 29:18 the watered (plant, herbage) with the thirsty, fig. of entire people.

†צִמְאָה S TWOT GK n.f. parched condition;—Je 2:25 spare thy throat מִצ׳, from being parched (in fig.).

†צִמָּאוֹן S TWOT GK n.[m.] thirsty ground;—abs. צ׳ Dt 8:15 Is 35:7 ψ 107:33.

†[צָמַד S TWOT GK] vb. bind, join (Arabic ضَمَدَ (ḍamada) bind, wind, specif. of girl with two lovers We ^{1893, 470}; fasten (cattle) to yoke Dozy, مِضْمَد (miḍmad) yoke, Id.; Assyrian ṣamâdu, bind, harness, so Ethiopic ፀመደ (ḍamada) iii. i be attached, attach oneself, specif. be (religiously) devoted; Aramaic צְמַד, ܨܡܰܕ (ṣmad), bind);—Niph. Impf. 3 ms. וַיִּצָּ֫מֶד Nu 25:3; 3 mpl. וַיִּצָּֽמְדוּ ψ 106:28; Pt. pl. נִצְמָדִים Nu 25:5; join, attach, oneself to (ל) Baal Peor, i.e. adopt his worship Nu 25:3, 5 (JE), whence ψ 106:28. Pu. Pt. f. מְצֻמֶּ֫דֶת 2 S 20:8 a sword bound upon (עַל) his lions. Hiph. Impf. 3 fs. תַּצְמִיד מִרְמָה ψ 50:19 thy tongue combineth (fitteth together, frameth) deceit (> denom. from צֶמֶד Gerber¹⁷⁰).

†צֶ֫מֶד S TWOT GK n.m. 1 K 19:19 couple, pair;—צ׳ cstr. Ju 19:3 +; sf. צִמְדּוֹ Je 51:23; pl. צְמָדִים 1 K 19:19 2 K 9:25 (but v. infr.); cstr. צִמְדֵּי Is 5:10 (Ges ^{93 m});— 1. couple, pair, usually of animals, צ׳ חֲמֹרִים Ju 19:3, 10 2 S 16:1; צ׳ (הַ)בָּקָר span of oxen 1 S 11:7 1 K 19:21, pl. of more than one span v 19 (ploughing), Jb 1:3; 42:12; צֶמֶד פְּרָדִים 2 K 5:17; צ׳ פָּרָשִׁים Is 21:7, 9 a pair of horsemen; pl. also of one pair of riders 2 K 9:25 (but read prob. צֶמֶד, so Kit); צ׳ alone = span (of oxen) Je 51:23. 2. a measure of land (only square measure in OT) like acre; orig. appar. what a span can plough (in a day; v. Now ^{i. 202} Benz ²⁰⁸; cf. mod. faddân, = what can be ploughed in a season Schumacher ^{xii (1889), 163 f., Across Jordan 22}, or in a day Bergheim^{PEQ, 1894, 192}, Ency. Bib.^ACRE), צ׳ שָׂדֶה 1 S 14:14 (on text v. Dr HPS); צִמְדֵּי־כֶרֶם Is 5:10.

†i. צָמִיד S TWOT^, GK^, n.m. Gn 24:22 bracelet (bound on wrist);—abs. צ׳ Nu 31:50; pl. צְמִידִים Gn 24:22 +,—bracelet Gn 24:22, 30, 47 (J), Nu 31:50 (P); in fig. Ez 16:11; 23:42.

†ii. צָמִיד S TWOT^, GK^, n.[m.] cover, of vessel, Nu 19:15.

צַמָּה S TWOT GK v. צמם.