†[סָקַל S TWOT GK] vb. stone, put to death by stoning, also (Pi.) free from stones (appears like denom., but noun unknown; NH סְקִילָא execution by stoning);—Qal Pf. 2 ms. sf. וּסְקַלְתּו consec. Dt 13:11; 3 mpl. sf. וּסְקָלֻנִי consec. Ex 17:4; 2 mpl. וּסְקַלְתֶּם consec. Dt 22:24, etc.; Impf. 3 mpl. יִסְקְלוּ Jos 7:25, sf. יִסְקְלֻהוּ 1 K 21:13, etc.; Imv. mpl. sf. סִקְלֻהוּ 1 K 21:10; Inf. abs. סָקוֹל Ex 19:13; 21:28; cstr. sf. סָקְלוֹ 1 S 30:6;—pelt with stones, stone to death, (as penalty) c. acc. pers. vel animal., Ex 8:22; 17:4 (both JE) 1 S 30:6 1 K 21:10, abs. Ex 19:13; 21:28 (JE); c. acc. pers. + בְּ instr. בָּאֲבָנִים Dt 13:11; 17:5; 22:21, 24 Jos 7:25 1 K 21:13. Niph. Impf. 3 ms. יִסָּקֵל be stoned to death Ex 19:13; 21:28, 29, 32 (JE). Pi. Impf. 3 ms. יְסַקֵּל 2 S 16:6, 13, sf. יְסַקְּלֵהוּ Is 5:2; Imv. mpl. סַקְּלוּ Is 62:10;— 1. stone, pelt with stones, c. acc. pers. + בָּאֲבָנִים 2 S 16:6, acc. om. v 13 (|| עִפַּר בֶּעָפָר). 2. free vineyard (acc.) from stones (Ges ^{52 h}) Is 5:2; so also 2 S 4:6, reading pt. f. מְסַקְּלָה חִטִּים lo, the portress was cleansing wheat from stones (for MT לֹקְחֵי ח׳), so We Dr Bu Kit Löhr HPS after G; (> reading however mostly סֹלְקָה, Qal Pt.); סַקְּלוּ מֵאֶבֶן Is 62:10 free (highway) from stones. Pu. Pf. סֻקַּל be stoned to death 1 K 21:14, 15.—Not in HP; these and other writings (except above) use syn. רגם, cf. Br ⁷³

סַר S TWOT GK v. סרר.

†[סָרָב S TWOT GK] n.m. rebel? according to Thes al. (prob. Aramaic loan-word, cf. Aramaic ܣܪܰܒ (srab) contradict, chatter, prattle, tell lies; Pa. סְרַב and NH Pi. סֵרֵב = BH; cf. סרב Ecclus 41:2d loving contradiction);—pl. abs. (i.e. אִתַּךְ) סָרָבִים וְסַלּוֹנִים אוֹתָ֑ךְ Ez 2:6 rebelles et quasi spinae sunt erga te Thes Vrss read ptcp., Co Berthol סֹרְבִים וְסֹלִים resisting and despising thee (cf. סַלּוֹן); AV RV briers and thorns, cf. Ew Hi-Sm Siegf Da Toy.

†מַרְגֿוֹן n.pr.m. Sargon (Assyrian Šargânu, and (prob. by pop. etymol.) Šarrukênu = firm, faithful, king, v. reff. infr.);—king of Assyria b.c. 722–705, conqueror of Samaria, father of Sennacherib, only Is 20:1 (G Αρνα, Aq Theod Σασαγω̄ Symm Σαργων [Q^mg]); Ptol^Canon Ἀρκεάνου (genit.); cf. Schr ^{ad loc.} Tiele ^{238 ff.}.

סרד (√ of foll.; Thes cp. Syriac ܣܪܰܕ (srad) be frightened).

†סֶ֫רֶד S GK n.pr.m. son of Zebulun;—Gn 46:14 (G Σερεδ, GL Σεδεκ), Nu 26:26 (G Σαρεδ).

†סַרְדִּי S GK adj.gent. of foregoing, only c. art. הַסּ׳ as n. coll., Nu 26:26.

סָרָה S TWOT^, GK^, v. סוּר.

סִרָה S GK v. בּוֹר הַסִּרָה supr. p. 92 b.

†[סָרַח S TWOT GK^{, ,} ] vb. go free, be unrestrained overrum, exceed (NH סָרוּחַ overhanging, flapping; Arabic سَرَح (saraḥ) of camels, etc., pasture where they please; also send forth to pasture; ii. let a wife go free; let down the hair; سُرُح (suruḥ) easy.—NH סָרַח, Aramaic ܣܪܰܚ (sraḥ) usually = corrupt, sin);—Qal Impf. 3 fs. תִּסְרַח Ex 26:12; Pt. act. f. סֹרַ֫חַת Ez 17:6; pass. סַרוּחַ (cf. Kö ^{1, 137} Ges ^{50 f.} Ba ¹⁸⁰) Ex 26:13; pl. סְרוּחִים Am 6:7, סְרֻחִים v 4; cstr. סְרוּחֵי Ez 23:15;— 1. go free, be unrestrained: וּסְרֻהִים עַל־עַרְשׂוֹתָם Am 6:4 i.e. prob. = and are sprawling upon their couches (in contempt. hyperbole), מִרְזַח ס׳ v 7 the revelry of sprawlers; pt. act. of overrunning, spreading vine Ez 17:6. 2. of overhanging stuffs (proposes overrunning, exceeding, extended beyond limits) תִּסְרַח עַל אֲחֹרֵי הַמִּשְׁכָּן Ex 26:12 (P) it shall overrun (overhang), over the back of the tabern., so יִהְיֶה סָרוּחַ עַל־צִדֵּי הַמּ׳ v 13; סְרוּחֵי טְבוּלִים Ez 23:15 overhung of turbans, extended with respect to turbans, = with pendant turbans (cf. [טְבוּל]. Niph. Pf. 3 fs. נִסְרְחָה חָכְמָתָם Je 49:7 usually is their wisdom let loose (i.e. dismissed, gone)? (|| הַאֵין עוֹד חָכְמָה בְּתֵימָ֑ן אָֽבְדָה עֵצָה מִבָּנִים); but Nö^{Expos. May, 1897, 363} is corrupt (cf. NH, and especially Aramaic).

†סֶ֫רַח S TWOT GK n.m. excess;—ס׳ הָעֹדֵף Ex 26:12 (P) the excess (sc. of tent-covering). which remains over.

†[סִרְיֹן S TWOT GK] n.[m.] armour (|| form of שִׁרְיוֹן q.v.);—sf. יִתְעַל בְּסִרְיֹנוֹ Je 51:3 let him raise himself in his armour; pl. לִבְשׁוּ הַסִּרְיֹנוֹת 46:4.

סָרִיס S^, TWOT GK₄₅ n.m. eunuch (NH id., T סָרִיסָא, Syriac ܣܳܪܝܣܳܐ (sorso) (all c. vb. denom. = emasculate), Old Aramaic סרסא Lzb³³¹ Cook⁸⁶; Arabic سَرِسٌ, سَرِيسٌ (sarisun, sarīsun) (vb. سَرِسَ (sarisa) be impotent), Kam. Frey (not Lane); prob. foreign word; according to Jen ^{vii. 174} = Assyrian ša rêši (rîši), he who is the head, chief, cf. Brock^{Lex 239 b} Dl ⁶⁹⁴ (ša-riš?), Zim ^{liii. 1899, 116}; eunuch being specialized meaning; in any case Arabic is Aramaic loan-word);—abs. ס׳ 1 K 22:9 + 7 times; cstr. סְרִיס Gn 37:36 + 3 times; pl. סָרִיסִים 2 K 9:32 + 17 times; cstr. סְרִיסֵי Gn 40:7 סָֽרִיסֵי Est 2:21 +; sf. סָרִיסָיו Gn 40:2 + 4 times, סָרִיסֶ֫יהָ Est 4:4; eunuch, of Pharaoh Gn 37:36; 40:2, 7 (all E), married 39:1 (R^JE); of Isr. kings 1 S 8:15 (predict.), 1 K 22:9 = 2 Ch 18:8, 2 K 8:6; 9:32 (all of N. Isr.); 1 Ch 28:1 (in David’s time), 2 K 23:11; 24:12, 15 cf. Je 29:2, also 34:19; 38:7; 41:16 (all in Judah; so likewise) 2 K 25:19 (military officer) = Je 52:25; of Bab. kings 2 K 20:18 = Is 39:7 (predict.); ascribed to Nebuch. in Dn, רַב סָרִיסָיו Dn 1:3, שַׂר הַסָּרִיסִים v 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 18; to king of Persia in Est, 1:10, 12, 15 + 9 times Est; promises made to eunuchs Is 56:3, 4. (Term never used in law codes; on contrary cf. exclusion of פְּצוּעַ דַּכָּא, and כְּרוּת שָׁפְכָה Dt 23:2 [v. Dr^{ad loc.}], also מְרוֹחַ אָ֑שֶׁךְ Lv 21:20.)—רַב־סָרִיס is title of high military officer 2 K 18:17 (Assyrian), Je 39:3, 13 (Bab.).—Vid. further, Thes Smith Art. ‘Eunuch,’ Di Gn 39:1 Dr Dt 23:1.

i. [סֶ֫רֶן S TWOT^, GK^, ]₂₁ n.m. tyrant, lord (Philist. loan-word);—pl. abs. הַסְּרָנִים Ju 16:30 + 2 times; cstr. סַרְנֵי Ju 3:3 + 16 times; sf. סַרְנֵיכֶם 1 S 6:4;—only of tyrants, lords of the Philistines, five in no. Ju 3:3 Jos 13:3 (D), 1 S 6:16, 18 cf. v 4, i.e. appar., one ruling each of the five cities (named 1 S 6:17); without the numeral Ju 16:5 + 6 times Ju 16, 1 S 5:8 + 7 times 1 S, + 1 Ch 12:20 (Baer Ginsb; v 19 van d. H.).

ii. [סֶ֫רֶן S TWOT^, GK^, ] n.[m.] axle (Aramaic ܣܰܪܢܳܐ (sarno) √ unknown);—סַרְנֵי נְחשֶׁת 1 K 7:30 axles of brass (G τὰ προσέχοντα, B axes).

[סַרְעַפָּה S TWOT GK] v. סעף.

סרף v. שׂרף.

†סִרְפַּד S TWOT GK n.[m.] a desert-plant, contrasted with הֲדַס, myrtle: תַּחַת הַסּ׳ יַעֲלֶה הֲדַס Is 55:13; not clearly identif.; G κὸ́νυζα, S ܨܳܬܪܳܐ (ṣotro) B urtica.

†סָרַר S^, TWOT^, GK^, vb. be stubborn, rebellious (usually towards י׳) (NH id., (rare); Assyrian sarâru);—Qal Pf. 3 ms. ס׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל Ho 4:16 Isr. is stubborn; Pt. act. בֵּוֹ סוֹרֵר וּמוֹרֶה Dt 21:18, cf. v 20; בָּנִים סוֹרְרִים Is 30:1, עַם סוֹרֵר 65:2, דּוֹר ס׳ וּמֹרֶה ψ 78:8 (all of Isr.); לֵב ס׳ וּמוֹרֶה Je 5:23; פָּרָה סֹרֵרָ֔ה Ho 4:16 (sim. of Isr., v. supr.); as pred. שָׂרֵיהֶם סוֹרְרִים Ho 9:15 cf. Is 1:23; סָרֵי סוֹרְרִים Je 6:28 revolters among the rebellious (? cf. סור Qal ad fin., and סַר infr.); of loose woman הֹמִיָּה הִיא וְסוֹרָ֑רֶת Pr 7:11; as subst. = the stubborn, ψ 66:7; 68:7, 19; fs. וַיִּתְּנוּ כָתֵף סֹרֶ֫רֶת Ne 9:29 and they presented a stubborn shoulder (of Isr.) = Zc 7:11 (סֹרָ֑רֶת).

†סַר S TWOT GK adj. stubborn, resentful, sullen, implacable;—סַר וְזָעֵף 1 K 20:43; 21:4; f. מַה־זֶּה רוּהֲךָ סָרָ֫ה v 5 why then is thy spirit sullen? poss. also pl. cstr. סָרֵי סוֹרְרִים Je 6:28 revolters (stubborn ones) among, etc. (v. supr. and סור Qal ad fin.).

†סתו Kt, סְתָיו Qr n.m. winter (loan-wd. from Aramaic; cf. Syriac ܣܰܬܘܳܐ (satwo) T סִיתְוָא; Arabic شِتَآءٌ (šitā˒ā˒un) Lane¹⁵⁰⁴; prob. orig. שׂ׳, cf. Schwally ⁶⁴; on ו as old nominat. ending (ס׳ for šutayu) cf. Lag ^{190 Anm.});—הַסְּתָ֯ו עְבָ֑ר Ct 2:11.

†סָתַם S TWOT GK vb. stop up, shut up, keep close (NH id.; T סְתַם id.; Syriac ܣܛܰܡ (sṭam) (ܣܬܡ (stm) very rare); Arabic سَدَمَ (sadama) close door Lane¹³³⁴, and سَطَمَ (saṭama) Ḳam Frey, are perhaps loan-words; cf. Assyrian (bît) šutummu, storehouse, treasury, Zehnpf ^{i. 531}); —Qal Pf. 3 ms. ס׳ 2 Ch 32:30; Impf. 2 mpl. תִּסְתֹּ֑מ֗וּ 2 K 3:19; 3 mpl. יִסְתֹּ֑מוּ v 25, וַיִּסְתְּמוּ 2 Ch 32:4; Imv. ms. סְתֹם Dn 8:26; 12:4; Inf. cstr. לִסְתּוֹם 2 Ch 32:3; Pt. pass. סָתוּם Ez 28:3, סָתֻם ψ 51:8, pl. סְתֻמִים Dn 12:9;— 1. stop up springs of water 2 K 3:19, 25 2 Ch 32:3, 4, cf. v 30. 2. shut up, keep close, prophetic words Dn 8:26; 12:4, 9; בְּסָתֻם ψ 51:8 in (the) closed (chamber of the breast; || טֻחוֹת.—בָּל־סָתוּם Ez 28:3 usually no secret is too dark for thee, but doubtful (v. II. עמם); G σοφοί, Co חַרְטֻמִּים < Toy חֲכָמִים, or Berthol. קֹסְמִים. Niph. Inf. cstr. לְהִסָּתֵם Ne 4:1 the breaches [in the walls] had begun to be stopped up. Pi. Pf. 3 pl. sf. סִתְּמוּם Gn 26:15; Impf. 3 mpl. sf. וַיְסַתְּמוּם v 18, both of stopping wells quite up (R^JE).

†סָתַר S TWOT GK vb. hide, conceal (NH id., der. species; T סְתַר Pa. Ithpa., Syriac ܣܬܰܪ (star) Pe Pt. pass., chiefly Pa. Ithpa., id.; Arabic سَتَرَ (satara) veil, conceal, hide, Lane¹³⁰⁴; Ethiopic ሰተረ (satara) (rare) Di³⁶⁴);—Niph. Pf. 3 ms. נִסְתָּ֑ר Pr 27:12 + 22:3 Qr (Kt וַיִּסָּתֵר); 2 ms. נִסְתֶּ֫רְתָּ 1 S 20:19; 1 pl. נִסְתָּ֑רְנוּ Is 28:15, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יִסָּתֵר Ho 13:14 +; 1 s. אֶסָּתֵר Gn 4:14 +; 3 mpl. יִסָּֽתְרוּ Am 9:3; 1 pl. נִסָּתֵר Gn 31:49, etc.; Imv. ms. הִסָּתֵר Je 36:19; inf. cstr. לְהִסָּ֫תֶר שָׁם Jb 34:22; Pt. נִסְתָּר ψ 19:7; pl. נִסְתָּרִים Dt 7:20; fpl. נִסְתָּרֹת Dt 29:28, -וֹת ψ 19:13;— 1. hide oneself, c. בְּ loc., 1 S 20:5, 24 1 K 17:3 Je 23:24, so (fig.) Is 28:15; c. שָׁם 1 S 20:19 Jb 34:22; abs. Je 36:19 Pr 22:3; 27:12; 28:28 ψ 89:47; c. מִפְּנֵי pers. Dt 7:20 Jb 13:20, c. מִן pers. ψ 55:13. 2. be hid, concealed, especially fig. of escaping God’s notice, c. מִפְּנֵי pers. Gn 4:14 (J), מִלִּפְנֵי Je 16:17, מִנֶּגֶד עֵינַי Am 9:3 מֵעֵינַי Is 65:16 Ho 13:14 (subj. נֹחַם, i.e. I will not repent, change my purpose of judgment), מִן ψ 38:10 Is 40:27; from heat of sun ψ 19:7 (i.e. it penetrates everywhere); from birds Jb 28:21 (of place of wisdom); recipr. נִסּ׳ אִישׁ מֵרֵעֵהוּ Gn 31:49 (J) when we are hidden each from the other (i.e. separated); abs. Nu 5:13 Jb 3:23 (whose way is hid sc. from himself), Zp 2:3 (i.e. escape י׳’s judgment); pt. hidden, secret things, in gen. Dt 29:28; of sins ψ 19:13.

Pi. Imv. fs. סַתְּרִי Is 16:3 carefully hide (i.e. shelter) the outcasts (Moab speaks to Zion).

Pu. Pt. fs. אַהֲבָה מְסֻתָּ֑רֶת Pr 27:5 love carefully concealed.

Hithp. Impf. 3 fs. תִּסְתַּתָּ֑ר Is 29:14; Pt. מִסְתַּתֵּר 1 S 23:19 + 3 times;—hide oneself carefully, of David’s taking refuge with (עִם) Ziphites 1 S 23:19 = ψ 54:2 (title), in (בְּ) a hill 1 S 26:1; אֵל מ׳ Is 45:15 a God that completely hides himself.

Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הִסְתִּיר ψ 10:11; 22:25; 2 ms. הִסְתַּ֫רְתָּ ψ 30:8 Is 64:6, etc.; Impf. 3 ms. יַסְתִּיר 1 S 20:2, וַיַּסְתֵּר Ex 3:6 Jb 3:10, sf. יַסְתִּרֵ֫נִי ψ 27:5, וַיַּסְתִּרֵם Je 36:26; 3 fs. sf. וַתַּסְתִּירֵ֫הוּ 2 Ch 22:11; 1 s. וָאַסְתִּר Ez 39:23, 24, etc.; Imv. ms. הַסְתֵּר ψ 51:11; Inf. abs. הַסְתֵּר Dt 31:18 Is 57:17; cstr. הַסְתֵּר Pr 25:2 (v. Kö ²¹³ and reff.; yet cf. inf. abs. אָכֹל v 27), לַסְתִּר Is 29:15 (Ges ^{53 q}); Pt. מַסְתִּיר Is 8:17;—conceal, hide: 1. a person from (מִפְּנֵי) enemy 2 K 11:2 = 2 Ch 22:11; subj. י׳, c. מִן ψ 64:3, abs. Je 36:26; hide anything from (מִן) one 1 S 20:2, a thing, in gen., Pr 25:2; anything (from י׳; מִן in || cl.) Is 29:15; in gen. = shelter a person Jb 14:13, c. בְּ loc. (subj. י׳ ψ 17:8; 27:5; 31:21 (all metaph.); toil (עָמָל), מֵעֵינָ֑י Jb 3:10; commands from, מִן pers. (subj. י׳ ψ 119:19; hide one as arrow in quiver Is 49:2. 2. especially hide the face: a. lit., of Moses Ex 3:6 (E), usually fig.: b. subj. י׳, c. מִן, i.e. be not observant of sin ψ 51:11, abs. ψ 10:11; more often c. י׳ hides his face from (מִן pers.), i.e. withdraws his favour, Mi 3:4 Is 8:17; 54:8; 64:6 Dt 31:17; 32:20 Je 33:5 Ez 39:23, 24, 29 ψ 13:2; 22:25; 27:9; 69:18; 88:15; 102:3; 143:7; abs. Dt 31:18 Jb 13:24; 34:29 ψ 30:8 cf. 104:29, 44:25; פָּנִים om. Is 57:17; cf. Is 59:2 yours sins have hidden (his) face from (מִן) you; of hiding one’s face from (מִן) shame, i.e. avoiding it Is 50:6 (of servant of י׳).

†סֵ֫תֶר S TWOT GK n.[m.] covering, hiding-place, secrecy;—abs. ס׳ Ju 3:19 +, סָ֑תֶר 2 S 12:12 Pr 25:23, סֶ֑תֶר ψ 139:15; cstr. סֵ֫תֶר 1 S 25:20 +; sf. סִתְרוֹ ψ 18:12 (ins. also || 2 S 22:12 G S Th Bu HPS), סִתְרִי ψ 119:114; pl. סְתָרִים Pr 9:17;— 1. covering, cover, בְּס׳ הָהָר 1 S 25:20 under cover of the mt., concealed by it; of clouds as covering for י׳ (shutting out his view) Jb 22:14, of darkness (i.e. dark clouds) as י׳’s 3 (in theoph.) ψ 18:12 ( = 2 S 22:12 v. supr.), so ס׳ רַ֑עַם 81:8 3 of adulterer ס׳ פָּנִים יָשִׂים Jb 24:15 i.e. disguiseth himself. 2. a. 2, 1 S 19:2 Is 28:17 ס׳ הַמַּדְרֵגָה Ct 2:14 (in fig.; || חַגְוֵי הַסֶּלַע), of hippopot. Jb 40:21; fig. of Isr. as shelter to Moab c. מִפְּנֵי Is 16:6, of ideal Israelite, as ס׳ זֶרֶם 32:2, especially of י׳ as shelter:ס׳ אָהֳלוֹ ψ 27:5, ס׳ פָּנֶיךָ 31:21, ס׳ בְּנָפֶיךָ 61:5; ס׳ עֶלְיוֹן 91:1, אַתָּה ס׳ לִי 32:7 cf. 119:114. b. secret place, of womb ψ 139:15 (|| תַּחְתִּיּוֹת אָ֑רֶץ). 3. secrecy: דְּבַר־ס׳ Ju 3:19 a matter of secrecy, secret matter; pl. abstr. intens. לֶחֶם סְתָרִים Pr 9:17 bread of utter secrecy i.e. gained stealthily, || מַיִם גְּנוּבִים); לְשֹׁן סָ֑תֶר 25:23 tongue of secrecy, i.e. slanderous; elsewhere בַּסּ׳ in secrecy, secretly Dt 13:7; 27:15, 24; 28:57 2 S 12:12 Je 37:17; 38:16; 40:15 Is 45:19; 48:16 Jb 13:10; 31:27 Pr 21:14 ψ 101:5.

†סִתְרָה S TWOT^, GK^, n.f. shelter, protection, יְהִי עֲלֵיכֶם ס׳ Dt 32:38 (read perhaps יהיו, cf. Dr) let them (the strange gods) be over you as a shelter.

†סְתוּר S GK n.pr.m. a spy, from Asher;—Nu 13:13, G Σαθουρ, GL Θασουρ.

†סִתְרִי S GK n.pr.m. a Levite;—Ex 6:22, G Σωγρει, A Σεθρει, GL Σετρι.

†מִסְתּוֹר S TWOT GK n.[m.] place of shelter; abs. מִסְתּוֹר מִזֶּרֶם Is 4:6 (fig. of י׳’s protection; cf. סֵתֶר Is 32:2).

†מִסְתָּר S TWOT GK n.[m.] secret place, hiding-place;—abs. מ׳ ψ 10:9 Hb 3:14; usually pl. מִסְתָּרִים Je 13:17 + 6 times; sf. מִסְתָּרָיו Je 49:10;— 1. secret place(s), concealed from view, Je 13:17; where treasures are stored Is 45:3. 2. 2(s): a. for protection Je 23:24; 49:10. b. for perpetration of crime, especially murder: ψ 10:8 (|| מַאֲרָב), sim. of lion v 9 17:12, cf. Hb 3:14; ψ 64:5; of י׳ lying in wait La 3:10 (as a lion).

†מַסְתֵּר S TWOT GK n.[m.] hiding, act of hiding;—cstr. וּכְמַסְתֵּר פָּנִים מִמֶּנּוּ Is 53:3 and like a hiding of face from him i.e. like one before whom the face is hidden (e.g. a leper, cf. Che).