י

י, Yôdh, tenth letter; used as numeral 10 in postBHeb.; יא or י״א = 11; יב, י״ב = 12, etc.; 14 and 15, however, are not י״ה, י״ו, which might stand for abbrev. of יהוה, but ט״ו, ט״ז, v. ט, and Ges ^{5. 4. R. 3a}.

†[יָאַב S TWOT GK] vb. long, desire (Aramaic ܝܐܶܒ (y˒eb), and especially Ethpa. and deriv.)—Qal Pf. 1 s. לְמִצְוֹתֶיךָ יָאָ֑בְתִּי ψ 119:131, late Aramaism.

†[יָאָה S TWOT GK] vb. befit, be befitting (NH T יָאֵי, יָאֶה adj. worthy, fitting, fine; יָאוּת adv. right, well; Ph. יא fair; Syriac ܝܳܐܶܐ (yo˒e) adj. for נאוה ψ 33:1, πρέπει Mt 3:15)—Qal Pf. לְךָ יָאָ֑תָה Je 10:7, for thee it (i.e. fear) is befitting, late Aramaism.

יְאוֹר v. יְאֹר.

יַאֲזַנְיָ֫הוּ S GK, יַאֲזַנְיָה S GK v. sub אזן p. 24b supr.

יָאִיר S GK, יָאִירִי v. sub אור p. 22b supr.

†I.[יָאַל S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. be foolish (cf. i. אול)—Niph. Pf. 3 mpl. נוֹאֲלוּ Is 19:13 Je 5:4; וְנֹאָ֑לוּ Je 50:36; 1 pl. נוֹאַלְנוּ Nu 12:11;—do or act foolishly:— 1. shew wicked folly = sin חַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר נוֹאַלְנוּ וַאֲשֶׁר חָטָאנוּ Nu 12:11 (J); in Je 5:4 an exhibition of this folly is ascribed to ignorance. 2. become fools, lacking insight and judgment: נוֹאֲלוּ שָׂרֵי צֹעַן Is 19:13 the princes of Zoan have become fools (|| נִשְּׁאוּ שָׂרֵי נֹף, and, in v 11 אֱוִילִים שָׂרֵי צֹעַן, etc.); חֶרֶב אֶל־הַבַּדִּים וְנֹאָ֑לוּ Je 50:36 a sword is against the praters, and they shall become fools—be shewn up as such (|| חָֽתּוּ ׃).

†II.[יָאַל S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. only Hiph. shew willingness, be pleased, determine, undertake to do anything (and do it) (v. Ki Thes; Arabic وَأَلَ (wa˒ala) is take refuge with, escape, hasten to a place; cf. II. אול be in front of, Nö ^{1880, 775}; Sab. ואל in n.pr. מואלת DHM ⁵³; perhaps Assyrian âlû, accept, Lyon^{Sargontexte 72})—Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹאִיל Ho 5:11 + 2 times; 2 ms. הוֹאַלְתָּ 1 Ch 17:27; 1 s. הוֹאַלְתִּי Gn 18:27, 31; 1 pl. הוֹאַלְנוּ Jos 7:7; Impf. וְיֹאֵל Jb 6:9 (juss.); וַיּ֫וֹאֶל Ex 2:21 + 4 times; וַיֹּאֶל 1 S 17:39 (but v. infr.); Imv. הוֹאֵל 2 S 7:29 2 K 5:23; הוֹאֶל־נָא Ju 19:6; ה֫וֹאֶל נָא 2 K 6:3; הוֹאִ֫ילוּ Jb 6:28;— 3. shew willingness to do anything, accept an invitation, acquiesce, sq. inf. וַיּ֫וֹאֶל משֶׁה לָשֶׁבֶת אֶת־הָאִישׁ Ex 2:21 (JE) and Moses was willing to dwell with the man (and did so), = Ju 17:11 (of Levite); elsewhere foll. by vb. fin.; וְלוּ הוֹאַלְנוּ וַנֵּשֶׁב Jos 7:7 and would that we had been willing and had stayed; especially imv., sq. imv.: הוֹאֶל־נָא וְלִין Ju 19:6 be willing and spend the night (kindly accept my invitation) v. Ges ^{110. 2 a, R. 2; 120. 2 a}, 2 K 6:3 and (no וְ) 5:23; הוֹאִילוּ פְֿנוּ־בִי Jb 6:28 i.e. be good enough to look upon me. 4. more actively, voluntarily undertake to do anything (and do it), sq. inf.: Gn 18:27 I have undertaken to speak = v 31 (both J); so 1 S 17:39 MT, but read וַיֵּ֫לֶא, and he laboured vainly, for וַיֹּאֶל, so G, Gei^{, 377} We Dr (cf. also v b לֹא אוּכַל לָלֶכֶת בָּאֵלֶּה); sq. vb. fin. הוֹאִיל משֶׁה בֵּאֵר Dt 1:5 i.e. Moses took upon himself to expound the law. 5. more actively still, be pleased, determine on one’s own responsibility, resolve, sq. inf.: Jos 17:12 (JE) = Ju 1:27 but the Canaanites were determined (shewed a determination) to remain in this territory ( = persisted in dwelling there); Ju 1:35 the Amorites persisted in dwelling in Har-Ḥeres, etc.; sq. vb. fin., of irreligious action, הואיל הָלַךְ Ho 5:11 Ephraim persisted, he walked after vanity (read שׁוא for צו, v. Che); elsewhere only of the divine good pleasure: sq. inf. 1 S 12:22 י׳ hath been pleased to make you a people for himself; 1 Ch 17:27; sq. vb. fin. הוֹאֵל וּבָרֵךְ 2 S 7:29 be pleased and bless the house of thy servant; וְיֹאֵל אֱלוֹהַּ וִידַכְּאֵנִי Jb 6:9 and that Eloah would be pleased and crush me! (v. Ges ^{120, 2 a} Da ^{§ 83 b}).

†יְאֹר S TWOT GK, יְאוֹר n.m. Ex 7:21 stream of the Nile, stream, canal (Egyptian loan-word = Egyptian ’iotr, ’io˒r, watercourse, Copt. eioor, ior; also ’iotr˓o, ’io’r˓o, Copt. eiero, iaro, Nile, Steindorff^{BAs i. 612}; in Assyrian i̯a’uru, stream, ’Iaru˒û, river Nile, Id.^ib., Hpt^{ib. 171} Jäger^{ib 466})—abs. הַיְאֹר Gn 41:1 + 37 times; הַיְאוֹר Is 19:8; הַיְאֹ֫רָה Ex 1:22; יְאוֹר Is 19:7⁽⁾ + 2 times; כָּאֹר (error for כַּיְאֹר) Am 8:8; cstr. כִּיאֹר Am 9:5; כִּיאוֹר Am 8:8; sf. יְאֹרִי Ez 29:3 b (Co יאר, cf. v 9 and S T); pl. יְאֹרִים Ex 8:1 + 4 times; cstr. יְאֹרֵי Is 7:18 + 2 times; יְאוֹרֵי 2 K 19:24; sf. יְאֹרֶיךָ Ez 29:4⁽⁾, 5 + v 4 (del. G Co) + 29:10 (Co יְאֹרְךָ); יֶאֹרָיו Ez 29:3; יְאֹרֵיהֶם Ex 7:19 ψ 78:44;— 1. stream of the Nile, river Nile, usually c. art. Gn 41:1, 2, 3⁽⁾, 17, 18 Ex 1:22; 2:3, 5⁽⁾; 4:9⁽⁾; 7:15, 17, 18⁽⁾, 20⁽⁾, 21⁽⁾, 24⁽⁾, 28; 8:5, 7; 17:5 (all JE), Am 8:8; 9:5 Is 19:7⁽⁾, 8; 23:3 (|| שִׁחֹר), v 10 Je 46:7, 8 (sim. of Egyptian invasion), Ez 29:3b (read יאר, v. supr.), v 9 Zc 10:11; more fully יְאֹר מִצְרַיִם Am 8:8; 9:5. 2. pl.: a. 3, יְאֹרֵי מִצְרַים Is 7:18; יְאֹרֵי מָצוֹר 19:6 (|| נְהָרוֹת), 37:25 = 2 K 19:24; v. also Na 3:8 Ex 7:19; 8:1 (both P; || נְהָרֹת, אֲגַמִּים etc.), ψ 78:44 (|| נֹזְלִים), Ez 29:3, 4⁽⁾, 5, 10 + v 4 MT (but del. G Co), 30:12. b. watercourses in gen., יְאֹרִים רַחֲבֵי יָדָ֑יִם Is 33:21 (|| נְהָרִים; cf. NH יְאוֹר, late Aramaic יְאוֹרָא). 3. shafts, made in mining Jb 28:10 (בַּצּוּרוֹת). 4. יְאֹר, sg., of Tigris, Dn 12:5⁽⁾, 6, 7 (cf. 10:4).

†[יָאַשׁ S TWOT GK] vb. despair (not in Qal) (NH Hithp. despair of, יֵאוּשׁ desperation; Aramaic Pa. יָאֵשׁ, etc., make despair (so T Ec 2:20); Arabic يَىِٔسَ (ya˒isa) despair)—Niph. Pf. וְנוֹאַש consec. 1 S 27:1; Pt. נוֹאָשׁ Je 2:25 + 3 times;—despair, לְבַקְּשֵׁנִי וְנ׳ מִמֶּנִּי שָׁאוּל 1 S 27:1 and Saul shall despair of me, to seek me; pt. desperate, despairing, of Job, Jb 6:26; elsewhere נוֹאָ֑שׁ (foll. אמר) desperate! = there is no hope! Je 2:25; 18:12 Is 57:10. Pi. Inf. לְיַאֵשׁ אֶת־לִבִּי עַל כָּל־הֶעָמָל Ec 2:20 to make my heart despair, concerning all the toil.

יֹאשִׁיָּ֫הוּ S GK, יֹאשִׁיָּה S GK v. sub אשׁה p. 78b supr.

†יְאָֽתְרַי S GK n.pr.m. an ancestor of Asaph 1 Ch 6:6 appar. = אֶתְנִי v 26.

†[יָבַב S TWOT GK] vb. only Pi. cry shrilly (NH Pi. lament; Aramaic ܝܰܒܶܒ (yabeb), יַבֵּב sound clarions, exult; Ethiopic የበበ (yabbaba) especially I. 2)—Pi. Impf. 3 fs. וַתְּיַבֵּב Ju 5:28 through the windows she looked and shrilly cried.

†יוֹבָב S GK^, n.pr.m. (Sab. n.pr. יהיבב Glaser ^{ii. 303 ff.})— 1. ‘son’ of Yoḳtân Gn 10:29 = 1 Ch 1:23, G Ιωβαβ. 2. a king in Edom Gn 36:33, 34 = 1 Ch 1:44, 45, G Ιω(α)βαβ. 3. king of Madon (Northern Canaan) Jos 11:1, G Ιω(β)αβ. 4. Benjamites: a. 1 Ch 8:9, G Ιωβαβ. b. 1 Ch 8:18, G Ιω(β)αβ.

יְבוּס S GK, יְבוּסִי S TWOT GK, יְבֻסִי v. sub בוס p. 101a supr.

יִבְחָר S GK v. sub בחר p. 104b supr.

יָבִין S GK v. sub בין p. 108a supr.

†[יָבַל S TWOT GK] vb. Hiph. conduct, bear along, especially in procession (Aramaic יַבֵּל, אוֹבִיל id., ܝܰܒܶܠ (yabel) Pa. lead along, also Ethpa.; Aph. lead, conduct; Zinj. יבל id., DHM.; Assyrian abâlu (ובל), bring, conduct, COT . Dl ^{122 ff.}; Arabic وَبَلَ (wabala) is run vehemently (of horse), pursue sharply, pour down rain, وَبْلٌ (wablun) violent rain)—Hiph. Impf. 3 ms. sf. יוֹבִילֵנִי ψ 60:11; 108:11; 1 s. sf. אוֹבִילֵם Je 31:9; 3 mpl. יוֹבִילוּ ψ 68:30; יֹבִילוּ 76:12 (juss.); יוֹבִלוּן Zp 3:10; sf. יֹבִלוּהָ Is 23:7;— 1. bear along offerings, c. acc. rei, Zp 3:10; c. ל pers. ψ 68:30; 76:12. 2. carry away, only י׳ רַגְלֶיהָ מֵרָחוֹק לָגוּר Is 23:7 her feet used to carry her far away to sojourn (of Tyre as colonizing and trading city). 3. lead, conduct, c. obj. as sf., of returning exiles Je 31:9; triumphant army, sq. acc. loc., ψ 60:11 = 108:11. Hoph. Impf. 3 ms. יוּבַל(־) Is 18:7 Je 11:19; יוּבָ֑ל Ho 12:2 + 3 times; 3 fs. תּוּבַל ψ 45:15; 1 s. אוּבָ֑ל Jb 10:19; 3 mpl. יוּבָ֑לוּ Jb 21:30; 3 fpl. תּוּבַלְנָה ψ 45:16; 2 mpl. תּוּבָל֑וּן Is 55:12;— 1. be borne along: of things, sq. לְ, a gift Is 18:7; idol Ho 10:6; oil 12:2. 2. be borne to the grave: מִבֶּטֶן לַקֶּבֶר אוּבָ֑ל Jb 10:19; לִקְבָרוֹת יוּבָ֑ל 21:32. 3. be led, conducted, sq. לְ, ψ 45:15 Je 11:19 Is 53:7; abs. ψ 45:16; be led forth (from captivity in Babylon) Is 55:12, abs. (|| יצא); the wicked (in triumph) abs. Jb 21:30.

†i. [יָבָל S^, TWOT GK^, ] n.[m.] watercourse, stream (proposes conduit), as irrigating;—only pl. cstr. יִבְלֵי(־)מָ֑יִם Is 30:25 (|| פְּלָגִים), 44:4.

†ii. יָבָל S^, TWOT GK^, n.pr.m. son of Lamech by Adah, and founder of pastoral life according to Gn 4:20 (J); G Ιωβελ, GL Ιωβηλ.

†i. יוּבַל S^, TWOT GK^, n.[m.] stream, Je 17:8 (|| מַיִם).

†ii. יוּבָ֑ל n.pr.m. son of Lamech by Adah, and inventor of musical instr. Gn 4:21 (J); G Ιωβαλ.

†יְבוּל S TWOT GK n.m. Jb 20:28 produce of soil;—abs. י׳ Hb 3:17; cstr. id. Ju 6:4 Jb 20:28; sf. יְבוּלָהּ Dt 11:17 + 7 times; יְבֻלָהּ Dt 32:22; יְבוּלָם ψ 78:46;—produce: י׳ הָאָרֶץ Ju 6:4; אֶרֶץ וִיבֻלָהּ Dt 32:22; וְהָאָרֶץ כָּֽלְאָה יְבוּלָהּ Hg 1:10; sf. ψ 78:46 (|| יְגִיעַ); especially וְנָֽתְנָה הָאָרֶץ יְבוּלָהּ Lv 26:4 the land shall yield its produce, so v 20 Ez 34:27 Zc 8:12 (all || פְּרִי), ψ 67:7; 85:13; also, subj. הָאֲדָמָה Dt 11:17; of grapes only וְאֵין יְבוּל בַּגְּפָנִים Hb 3:17 (|| תְּאֵנָה לֹא־תִפְרָח and כִּחֵשׁ מַעֲשֵׂה־וַיִת); more generally יְבוּל בֵּיתוֹ Jb 20:28 the produce (acquired possessions) of his house.

ii. †בּוּל S^, TWOT^, GK^{, ,} n.[m.] produce, outgrowth (abbrev. or soribal error for foregoing)—only sg. cstr. ב׳ הָרִים Jb 40:20; also ב׳ עֵץ Is 44:19 the produce of a tree, i.e. a block of wood.

†יוֹבֵל S TWOT GK, יֹבֵל n.m. Nu 36:4 ram, ram’s horn, cornet (Ph. יבל ram; cf. Di Lv 25:10 Dl ¹²⁴)—abs. יוֹבֵל Jos 6:5 + 7 times; יֹבֵל Ex 19:13 + 13 times; pl. יוֹבְלִים Jos 6:4 + 2 times; יֹבְלִים Jos 6:13;— 1. ram, only in combin.: בִּמְשֹׁךְ בְּקֶרֶן הַיּ׳ Jos 6:5 the ram’s horn, as wind-instrument; so שׁוֹפְרוֹת (ה)י(ו)בלים Jos 6:4, 6, 8, 13 rams’ horns (v. Benz^{. 276}); יֹבֵל alone, בִּמְשֹׁךְ הַיֹּבֵל Ex 19:13 at the sounding of the ram(’s horn). 2. designation of 50th year, marked by blowing of cornets, AV ‘jubile’ (so NH יוֹבֵל, T יובֵילָא, as loan-word); orig. no doubt שְׁנַת הַיּוֹבֵל year of the ram(’s horn), as Lv 25:13, 28, 40, 50, 52, 54 (all H), 27:17, 18, 23, 24 (all P), but then, without שׁנת, as יוֹבֵל הִוא תִּהְיֶה לָכֶם 25:10 a ram(’s horn blowing) shall it be to you; so v 11, 12, 15, 28, 30, 31, 33 (all H), 27:18, 21 Nu 36:4 (both P).

†[יַבָּל] adj. running, suppurating—only fs. as subst., יַבֶּלֶת a running sore or ulcer Lv 22:22 ( + עַוֶּרֶת, שָׁבוּר, חָרוּץ, גָּרָב, יַלֶּפֶת).

†אוּבָל n.[m.] stream, river (= יוּבַל)—only הָאֻבָל Dn 8:3, 6 אוּבַל אוּלָ֑י 8:2 the river Ulai.

†תֵּבֵל S TWOT GK n.f. Na 1:5 (appar. m. Is 14:17) world, poet. synon. of אֶרֶץ (perhaps orig. as productive, cf. יְבוּל, בּוּל, but this sense not clearly maintained; cf. also Assyrian tabalu in êlî tabali, by land, || êlî nâru, by water (river) Meissner ^{1889, iv. 3, 261, 263, 265 f.} SASm ^{Assyrian Letters iv. viii. ix, 1. 33})—usually abs. ת׳ (no art.), cstr. Jb 37:12 Pr 8:31; world, usually || אֶרֶץ: 1 S 2:8 (י׳ set ת׳ on מְצֻקֵי אֶרֶץ), Is 14:21; 24:4; 34:1 Je 10:12 = 51:15, 1 Ch 16:30 (|| ψ 96:10 infr.) Jb 34:13 ψ 19:5; 77:19 = 97:4, 90:2; 96:13 ( + עַמִּים), 98:9 ( + id.); ת׳ וְישְׁבֵי בָהּ Na 1:5 ψ 24:1; ישְׁבֵי ת׳ 33:8 Is 18:3 (|| שֹׁכְנֵי ארץ), 26:9, 18 La 4:12; ת׳ וּמְלֹאָהּ ψ 89:12 ( + שָׁמַיִם, cf. ארץ ומלאה 24:1); עַל־פְּנֵי ת׳ אָ֑רְצָה Jb 37:12 upon the face of the world of earth (earthly world, the whole expanse of earth); בְּת׳ אַרְצוֹ Pr 8:31; on the other hand עַפְרוֹת ת׳ v 26; ת׳ alone Jb 18:18; other combin. ת׳ וּמְלֹאָהּ ψ 50:12 (cf. 89:12 supr.); פְּנֵי־ת׳ Is 27:6 (cf. Jb 37:12 supr.); מֹסְדוֹת ת׳ 2 S 22:16 foundations of the world = ψ 18:16, cf. תִּכּוֹן ת׳ ψ 93:1; 96:10 ( = 1 Ch 16:30); world as object of י׳’s judgment 9:9 (|| לְאֻמִּים; v. also 96:13 supr.), cf. ת׳ וישׁבי בה 98:7 (|| יַם), Is 13:11 (|| רשׁעים); as devastated by Babylonian conqueror Is 14:17 (|| עָרָיו).

†יִבְלְעָם S GK n.pr.loc. a city of Manasseh in West-Jordan land Jos 17:11 (JE; but יִב׳ here dub., v. Bu ^{13 f.}), Ju 1:27 2 K 9:27; so read also 2 K 15:10 for MT קָבָל־עָם (GL ἐν Ιεβλααμ; v. Klo); = בִּלְעָם 1 Ch 6:55, q.v.; read יִבְלְעָם also in Jos 21:25 (|| 1 Ch 6:55), for MT גַּת רִמּוֹן, G Ιεβαθα (GL after MT Γεθρεμμων), v. Di; it lay about 13 m. E. of N. from Samaria, three-fifths of the way to Jezreel; mod. ruin Bel˓ame Bd ²²⁸, cf. Schultz ^{iii. 49}; (Old Egyptian Y-b-ra-˓a-mu̥ WMM ¹⁹⁵).

יַבֶּלֶת S TWOT GK v. יַבָּל.

יבם (appar. √ of foll.; meaning dubious).

†[יָבָם S TWOT GK] n.m. husband’s brother (NH id.; T יַבְמָא; v. Lag ^{ii. 78})—only sf. יְבָמִי Dt 25:7, יְבָמָהּ 25:5, in law of levirate marriage (cf. Gn 38:8; v. also Dr Dt 25:5–10).

†[יְבֵ֫מֶת] n.f. sister-in-law (NH יְבָמָה, T יְבַמְתָּא, יְבִימְתָּא; Syriac ܝܺܒܰܡܬܳܐ (yibamto))—only sf. יְבִמְתּוֹ Dt 25;7⁽⁾, 9 his brother’s wife (widow), (cf. Gn 38:8) in levirate law; יְבִמְתֵּךְ Ru 1:15⁽⁾ thy husband’s brother’s wife.

†[יָבַם S TWOT GK] vb.denom., only Pi. do the duty of יָבָם to a brother’s widow; Pf. וְיִבְּמָהּ consec. Dt 25:5 and shall do a brother-in-law’s office to her; Imv. יַבֵּם אֹתָהּ Gn 38:8 (i.e. אֵשֶׁת אָחִיךָ v a); Inf. sf. לֹא אָבָה יַבְּמִי Dt 25:7 (on nominal sf. as obj. of inf., v. Ges ^{115 R. 2 ad} ).

יַבְנְאֵל S GK, יַבְנֶה, יִבְנְיָה S GK, יִבְנִיָּה S GK v. sub בנה.

יַבֹּק S GK v. sub בקק p. 132b supr.

יְבֶרֶכְיָ֫הוּ S GK v. sub ברך p. 140a supr.

יִבְשָׂם S GK v. sub בשׂם p. 142a supr.

†i. יָבֵשׁ S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, , ,} vb. be dry, dried up, withered (NH id. (rare), T יְבֵישׁ, chiefly Pa. Ithp., Syriac ܢܺܒܶܫ (nibeš); Sab. Palm. deriv.; Arabic يَبِسَ (yabisa); Ethiopic የብሰ (yabsa))—Qal Pf. 2 ms. יָבֵשׁ Jos 9:5 + 8 times; וְיָבֵשׁ consec. Is 19:5 + 4 times; 3 fs. יָֽבְשָׁה Gn 8:14; 3 pl. יָֽבְשׁוּ Je 23:10 + 2 times; יָבֵ֑שׁוּ 50:38 + 2 times; Impf. 3 ms. יִבַשׁ Is 19:7; יִיבָ֑שׁ Je 12:4 Jb 8:12; וַיִּיבַשׁ 1 K 17:7; וַיִּיבָ֑שׁ Jon 4:7; 3 fs. תִּיבַשׁ Ez 17:10; תִּיבָ֑שׁ v 10 + 3 times, etc.; Inf. cstr. (בִּ)יבשׁ Is 27:11; יְבשֶׁת Gn 8:7; abs. יָבוֹשׁ Zc 11:17; יָבשׁ Ez 17:10;— 1. be dry, dried up without moisture: a. of bread Jos 9:5, 12 (JE). b. of ground lacking rain Am 4:7, cf. Am 1:2 (of Carmel at utterance of י׳’s voice), Je 23:10. c. of earth after the flood Gn 8:14 (P), cf. חָרֵב. d. of grass, herbage, trees and crops (already implied in b) = wither Is 15:6; 19:7; 27:11 Je 12:4 Jb 8:12 Jo 1:12 Jon 4:7; in sim. of shortness of life ψ 90:6; 102:12; 129:6, v. also Is 40:7, 8 (in these two || נָבֵל); of heart under fig. of grass ψ 102:5; of Judah under fig. of vine Ez 17:9⁽⁾, 10⁽⁾, cf. 19:12; of princes under fig. of tree Is 40:24; of roots of Ephr. under fig. of tree Ho 9:16, so of roots of wicked Jb 18:16. e. of hand, arm, dry up, wither, as judgment from י׳, 1 K 13:4 Zc 11:17⁽⁾; in distress יָבֵשׁ כַּחֶרֶשׁ כֹּחִי ψ 22:16 my strength is dried up like the potsherd; of skin La 4:8, and (fig.) of bones Ez 37:11. 2. be dried up: of water Gn 8:7 (J), Is 19:5 1 K 17:7 Je 50:38 Jo 1:20 Jb 12:15; 14:11. Pi. make dry, dry up, only Impf. 3 ms. sf. וַיַּבְּשֵׁהוּ Na 1:4 and hath made it dry (י׳, the sea); 3 fs. תְּיַבֵּשׁ Jb 15:30 the flame shall dry up his branches (fig. of wicked); fig. תְּיַבֶּשׁ־גָּ֑רֶם Pr 17:22 a broken spirit maketh dry (the) bones. Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹבִישׁ Jos 2:10 + 3 times + Jo 1:10 (v. infr.); חֹבִישׁ Ez 19:12 + 2 times Jo (v. infr.); 3 fs. הוֹבִישָׁה Jo 1:12 (v. infr.); 2 ms. הוֹבַשְׁתָּ ψ 74:15; 1 s. הוֹבַשְׁתִּי Ez 17:24; וְהוֹבַשְׁתִּ֫י Je 51:36; 3 pl. וְהֹבִישׁוּ consec. Zc 10:11; Impf. 1 s. אוֹבִישׁ Is 42:15⁽⁾; 44:27;—dry up, make dry: 1. dry up water, י׳ subj., Jos 2:10; 4:23⁽⁾; 5:1 (all D), Je 51:36 (|| הֶחֱרִיב), Is 42:15; 44:27 (חֳרָבִי in || cl.), ψ 74:15. 2. make dry, wither: herbage, trees, crops, etc., of י׳, Is 42:15 (|| החריב); obj. Babylon under fig. of tree Ez 17:24; of east wind’s drying up Judah’s fruit Ez 19:12. 3. exhibit dryness: of river-deeps laid bare Zc 10:11.—In like manner might be taken Jo 1:10, 12⁽⁾, 17, if from יבשׁ; but the sense would be difficult, especially in v 10, 12, and הֹבִישׁוּ v 11 must be from בּוֹשׁ, to which all these cases in Jo may be consistently assigned; v. בּוֹשׁ.

†ii. יָבֵשׁ S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, , ,} adj.verb. or pt. dry, dried, so, ms. abs. Na 1:10 + 4 times; fs. יְבֵשָׁה Nu 11:6; mpl. (וִ)יבֵשִׁים Nu 6:3; fpl. יְבֵשׁוֹת Ez 37:2, 4;— 1. dried, lit. only עֲנָבִים יְבֵשִׁים Nu 6:3 dried grapes (P; opp. ע׳ לַחִים); fig. נַפְשֵׁנוּ יְבֵשָׁה 11:6 (JE) our soul (i.e. our appetite) is dried up, viz. for want of fresh, juicy meat. 2. dry, of chaff, קַשׁ Na 1:10 in sim. of Ninevites under impending judgment; cf. in fig. of Job, Jb 13:25; of tree Ez 17:24 (fig. of Davidic house; opp. עֵץ לָ֑ה), 21:3 (in prediction of Judah’s devastation by Babylon, opp. id.); Is 56:3 fig. of eunuch; of the bones in Ezek.’s vision Ez 37:2, 4.

†iii. יָבֵשׁ S^{, ,} TWOT^, GK^{, , ,} , יָבֵישׁ n.pr.loc. et pers. 1. n.pr.loc. יָבֵשׁ גִּלְעָד Jabesh of Gilead, G Ιαβ(ε)ις Γαλααδ, exact site uknown, Ju 21:8, 9, 10, 12, 14 2 S 21:12; 1 Ch 10:11 (GL Ιαβις τῆς Γαλααδ); יָבֵישׁ גִּלְעָד 1 S 11:1, 9; 31:11 2 S 2:4, 5 (in these three GL Ιαβις τῆς Γαλαατίδιτος); יָבֵישׁ 1 S 11:1, 3, 5, 9, 10; יָבֵשׁ 1 Ch 10:12; יָבֵ֑ישָׁה v 12; || יָבֵ֫שָׁה 1 S 31:12, 13. 2. n.pr.m. יָבֵשׁ father of Shallum 2 K 15:10, 13, 14.

†יַבָּשָׁה S TWOT GK n.f. dry land, dry ground (Sab. יבסם, opp. בחרם sea, DHM in MV; Palm. יבשא (dry) land Vog ⁷⁹)—always abs. sg. יַבָּשָׁה; Ex 4:9 (J); of dry ground as path of Isr. through Red Sea Ex 14:16, 22, 29; 15:19 (all P), Ne 9:11 ψ 66:6; through Jordan Jos 4:22 (D); of dry land, opp. sea, at creation Gn 1:9, 10 (P); cf. Jon 1:9; specif. of shore of sea Jon 1:13; 2:11; fig. of needy Israel, to be refreshed by י׳’s spirit Is 44:3 (|| צָמֵא).

†יַבֶּ֫שֶׁת S TWOT GK n.f. id., made by God’s hands ψ 95:5; water shall become blood בַּיַּבָּ֑שֶׁת Ex 4:9 (J).

יִגְאָל S GK v. sub I. גאל p. 145b supr.

†[יָגַב S TWOT GK] vb. till, be husbandman, only Qal Pt. pl. לְכֹרְמִים וּלְיֹגְבִים Je 52:16 2 K 25:12 Qr (Kt גבים); v. גוב p. 155b supr.

†[יָגֵב S TWOT GK] n.m. field, כְּרָמִים וִיגֵבִים Je 39:10, but text dub., v. 52:16 = 2 K 25:12; also גּוּב, ii. גֵּב p. 155b supr.

יָגְבְּהָה S GK v. sub גבהּ p. 147a supr.

יִגְדַּלְיָ֫הוּ S GK v. sub גדל p. 153b supr.

†I. [יָגָה S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. suffer, not in Qal (cf. Arabic وَجَى (wajā) castravit, وَجِىَ (wajiya) be abraded (of the foot); of horse, have pain in the hoof)—Niph. Pt. fpl. נוּגוֹת (on form v. Kö^{. 582}) La 1:4 (|| נֶאֱנָחִים, מַר) grieved, mpl. cstr. נוּגֵי (v. Kö) Zp 3:18 (sq. prep., cf. Ges ^{130. 1}); of virgins of Zion La 1:4; of exiles Zp 3:18. Pi. Impf. וַיַּגֶּה (for וַיְיַגֶּה, v. Kö^{. 582. 412}) grieve, sq. acc. La 3:33 (|| עִנָּה). Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הוֹנָה La 1:12; 3:32; sf. הוֹגָהּ La 1:5; Impf. 2 mpl. תֹּגְיוּן Jb 19:2; Pt. pl. sf. מוֹגַיִךְ Is 51:23;—cause grief or sorrow, abs. La 3:32 (opp. רִחַם); sq. acc. (Zion) La 1:5, cf. Is 51:23, also La 1:12 (obj. om., but אשׁר of grief = wherewith); sq. נַפְשִׁי Jb 19:2.—On 2 S 20:13 v. II. יגה.

†יָגוֹן S TWOT GK n.[m.] grief, sorrow;—abs. יָגוֹן Gn 42:38 + 12 times; sf. (םִ)יגוֹנָם Je 31:13;—sorrow, Gn 42:38; 44:31 (J), ψ 13:3 Je 8:18; || אֲנָחָה ψ 31:11 Is 35:10; 51:11; cf. ψ 107:39 (|| עֹצֶר, רָעָה), 116:3 (|| צָרָה), Je 20:18 (|| עָמָל), 31:13 (|| אֵבֶל, opp. שִׂמַּחְתִּים), 45:3 (|| מַכְאֹבִי), Ez 23:33 (|| שִׁכָּרוֹן, but Co.; שׁברון with Codd.; cf. 21:11); Est 9:22 (opp. שִׂמְחָה).

†תּוּגָה S TWOT GK n.f. grief (poet.)—abs. ת׳ ψ 119:28 Pr 14:13; 17:21; cstr. תּוּגַת 10:1;—grief ψ 119:28; Pr 10:1 (opp. יְשַׂמַּח), 14:13 (opp. שִׂמְחָה), 17:21 (|| לֹא יִשְׂמַח).

†II. [יָגָה S^, TWOT^, GK^, ] vb. only Hiph. Pf. 3 ms. הֹגָה (Kö^{. 584}) thrust away (Syriac ܐܰܘܓܺܝ (˒awgi) remove, expel; Arabic وَجَا (wajā) iv. repel)—כַּאֲשֶׁר הֹגָה מִן־הַמְֿסִלָּה 2 S 20:13 when he had thrust (him, the murdered Amasa) out of the highway (|| וַיַּסֵּב אֶת־עֲמָשָׂא מִן־הַמְֿסִלָּה הַשָּׂדֶה v 12).

יָגוּר S GK v. sub I. גור p. 158b supr.

יָגְלִי S GK v. sub גלה p. 163b supr.

יגן TWOT (√ of foll.; cf. Arabic وَجَنَ (wajana) beat cloth (said of a fuller); in Heb. only in deriv. 2).

†i. גַּת S^{, , ,} TWOT GK^{, ,} n.f. wine-press (contracted from גַּנְתְּ = יְגַנְתְּ)—abs. גַּת Ju 6:11 + 3 times; גִּתּוֹת Ne 13:15;—7, lit. חֹבֵט חִטִּים בַּגַּת Ju 6:11 7, to hide it from Midian; the juice of the grapes was pressed out by treading, דֹּרֵךְ בְּג֑ת Is 63:2 (in sim.), but also as acc. דֹּרְכִים גִּתּוֹת Ne 13:15; in fig. of judgment, גַּת דָּרַךְ אֲדֹנָי לִבְתוּלַת וגו׳ La 1:15 7 also רְדוּ כִּי מָֽלְאָה גַּת Jo 4:13 (רדה only here with גַּת).—On the form and use of wine-press, and Heb. synonyms, v. Smith (art. 7) Benz^{. 212 f.} Rob ^{iii, 137} Schick ^{x, 1887, 146, 150, and Pl. v. vii.} Anderlind ^{xi, 1888, 166 f.}

†ii. גַּת S^{, , ,} TWOT GK^{, ,} n.pr.loc. (3)—Philistine city G Γεθ, B Geth, Jos vi. 12, 2 etc., Γιττα (ed. Niese), exact site unknown (v. GASm ^{194 ff.}), named with Gaza and Ashdod Jos 11:22 as home of remaining ˓Anaḳim; named with Ashdod, Gaza, Ashḳelon and ˓Eḳron 1 S 6:17; with Ashḳelon 1 S 1:20; with Ashḳelon, Yabne and Ashdod 2 Ch 26:6; מֵעֶקְרוֹן וְעַד־גַּת 1 S 7:14, cf. 17:52b and also v 52a (read גַּת for גַּיְא G We Dr); called גַּת פְּלִשְׁתִּים Am 6:2; built up by Rehoboam, according to 2 Ch 11:8; taken by Hazael 2 K 12:18; also 1 S 5:8; 17:4, 23 (of Goliath), cf. 2 S 21:20, 22 = 1 Ch 20:6, 8; 1 S 21:11, 13; 27:2, 3, 4, 11 2 S 15:18 1 K 2:39⁽⁾, 40, 41 ψ 56:1 Mi 1:10, 14 1 Ch 7:21; 8:13, also 18:1 (but || מֶתֶג אַמָּה 2 S 8:1; on change of this into reading in Ch v. We); c. ה loc., גַּ֫תָּה 1 K 2:40.

†גַּת הַחֵ֫פֶר S GK 2 K 14:25 (3) n.pr.loc. home of Jonah; גִּתָּ֥הֿ חֵ֫פֶר Jos 19:13, perhaps mod. El-Meshhed, c. 3 m. E. of N. from Nazareth, Rob ^{ii. 350} Bd ²⁵².

†גַּת־רִמּוֹן S GK n.pr.loc. in Dan Jos 19:45; Levitical city 21:24 = 1 Ch 6:54; site unknown.—גַּת רִמּוֹן in Manasseh Jos 21:25 is scribal error; read יִבְלְעָם, q.v.

†גִּתִּי S GK adj.gent. of ii. גַּת 1; of Obed-edom 2 S 6:10, 11 = 1 Ch 13:13; Ittai 2 S 15:19, 22; 18:2; Goliath 21:19 1 Ch 20:5; pl. c. art. as subst., הַגִּתִּים 1 S 15:18 the Gittites (but read אִתַּי הַגִּתִּי We Klo Kit Bu Now^{i.308 n.}); sg. c. art. as n.pr.coll. הַגִּתִּי Jos 13:3 (with men of Gaza, Ashdod, Ashḳelon, Eḳron, and the Awwim).

†גִּתִּית S TWOT GK f. of foregoing (si vera l.) only in phr. עַל־הַגִּתִּית in three ψ-titles: ψ 8:1; 81:1; 84:1; upon the Gittite (lyre) so T, to the Gittite (melody) Ew Ol De, or either of these Hup Pe; G B הַגִּתֹּת 4, whence Bae al. 4, i.e. (Bae) a song for the feast of booths.

†גִּתָּ֑יִם n.pr.loc. in Judah;—ג׳ Ne 11:33; גִּתָּ֑יְמָה 2 S 4:3; site unknown.

†[יָגֵעַ S TWOT GK, יָגַע S TWOT GK] vb. toil, grow or be weary (NH id.; Assyrian êgû, grow weary Dl ¹⁴⁰; Arabic وَجِعَ (waji˓a) have pain, suffer)—Qal Pf. יָֽגְעָה 2 S 23:10; יָגַ֫עְתָּ Jos 24:13 Is 43:22; יָגַ֫עַתְּ 47:12 + 2 times; יָגָ֑עַתְּ Is 47:15; יָגַ֫עְתִּי ψ 6:7 + 3 times; יָגַ֫עְנוּ La 5:5; Impf. יִיגָ֑ע Is 40:28; 2 ms. תִּיגַע Pr 23:4; אִיגָ֑ע Jb 9:29; יִיגְעוּ Hb 2:13; יִֽגְעוּ Je 51:58 Is 65:23; יִיגָ֑עוּ Is 40:31; יִגָ֑עוּ v 30;— 1. toil, labour for (בְּ), Jos 24:13 (D), Is 62:8; sq. acc. (אשׁר) 47:15; sq. בְּ instr. v 12; abs. 49:4 (לְרִיק, || וְהֶבֶל כֹּחִי כִלֵּיתִי), cf. 65:23 Je 51:58 (|| יעף), Hb 2:13 (|| id.), La 5:5 (|| לֹא־הוּנַּח־לָ֑נוּ), Jb 9:29, sq. inf. Pr 23:4. 2. grow or be weary, from toil, exertion, endurance, 2 S 23:10 (om. by accident || 1 Ch 11:13); weary because of, sq. בְּ, ψ 6:7; 69:4 Is 43:22; 57:10 Je 45:3; abs. Is 40:28, 30, 31 (in all || יעף). Pi. Impf. 3 fs. sf. 3 ms. תְּיַגְּעֶנּוּ Ec 10:15 weary, make weary, subj. עֲמַל הכסילים; 2 ms. תְּיַגַּע cause to go toilsomely Jos 7:3, sq. acc. Hiph. Pf. 2 ms. sf. הוֹגַעְתַּנִי Is 43:24; הוֹגַעְתִּיךָ v 23; pl. הוֹגַעְתֶּם Mal 2:17; הוֹגָ֑עְנוֹ v 17;—make to toil (always c. בְּ instr.), c. acc. pers. make to toil, weary Is 43:23 (|| העביד), obj. י׳ v 24 (weary, fig.), and so Mal 2:17⁽⁾.

†יָגָע S TWOT GK n.[m.] gain (= product of labour)—יָגָע Jb 20:18 (|| תְּמוּרָה).

†יָגֵעָ adj. weary, wearisome;—יָגֵעַ Dt 25:18 weary (|| עָיֵף); 2 S 17:2 (|| רְפֵה יָדַיִם); כָּל־הַדְּבָרִים יְגֵעִים Ec 1:8 all things are wearisome (‘full of labour’).

†[יְגִעָה S TWOT GK] n.f. wearying (late format., Dr ⁴⁵⁵ Siegf ^{Gram. § 47 b}) וְלַהַג הַרְבֵּה יְגִעַת בָּשָׂר Ec 12:12 and studying much is a wearying of flesh.

†[יָגִיעַ S TWOT GK] adj. weary;—pl. cstr. וְשָׁם יָנוּחוּ יְגִיעֵי כֹחַ Jb 3:17 and there are resting the weary in strength, the toil-worn.

†[יְגִיּעַ] n.m. toil, product;—cstr. יְגִיעַ Gn 31:42 + 5 times; sf. יְגִיעֲךָ Dt 28:33; יְגִיעֶ֑ךָ Jb 39:11; יְגִיעֵךְ Ez 23:29; יְגִיעוֹ ψ 109:11 Ne 5:13; יְגִיעָהּ Jb 39:16 Je 20:5; וִיגִיעֲכֶם Is 55:2; וִיגִיעָם ψ 78:46; pl. sf. יְגִיעַי Ho 12:9 (but יְגִיעָיו G Che);— 1. toil, יג׳ כַּפַּיִם Gn 31:42 (E; || עֳנִי), Jb 39:11 ( = husbandry), laying of eggs 39:16. 2. result of toil, product, produce, acquired property: יְגִיעַי Ho 12:9 (|| אוֹן, on text v. supr.), Dt 28:33 (|| פְּרִי אדמתך), ψ 78:46 (|| יְבוּל); יְגִיעַ כַּפַּיִם 128:2, Hg 1:11 (|| דָּגָן, תִּירוֹשׁ, יִצְהָר, אֲשֶׁר תּוֹצִיא הָאֲדָמָה, אָדָם, בְּהֵמָה); Ne 5:13 (|| בית), ψ 109:11 (|| כל־אשׁר־לוֹ), Is 45:14 (יגיע מצרים, || סַחַר־כּוּשׁ), 55:2 (|| כֶּסֶף), Je 3:24 (|| צֹאן, בָּקָר, בָּנִים, בָּנוֹת), 20:5 (|| חֹסֶן, יָקָר, of city), Ez 23:29; of Job as product of God’s hands (יְג׳ כַּפֶּיךָ) Jb 10:3.

†[יָגֹר S TWOT GK] vb. be afraid, fear (Ph. in n.pr. יגר אשמן = he feareth Eshmun; Arabic وَجِرَ (wajira) metuens cavit, Frey; Lag ^{26. 30}; cf. III. גּוּר)—Qal Pf. 2 ms. יָגֹרְתָּ Dt 28:60; יָגֹרְתִּי 9:19 + 3 times;—be afraid, sq. מִפְּנֵי before, of; of wrath of י׳ Dt 9:19; of diseases of Egypt 28:60; fear, sq. acc. Jb 3:25; 9:28 ψ 119:39.

†יָגוֹר S TWOT GK adj.vb. fearing, men אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה יָגוֹר מִפְּנֵיהֶם Je 22:25; 39:17.

יָד S^, TWOT GK^, ₁₆₀₄ n.f. Gn 25:26 + often (m. †Ex 17:12 †v. Di; on יִרְפּוּ יָדַיִם 2 S 4:1 Zp 3:16 2 Ch 15:7 Ne 6:9, v. Ges ^{145. 7 a, R. 1}) hand (NH id.; Aramaic יְדָא, ܐܻܝܕܳܐ (˒ido); Zinj. יד DHM ; Arabic يَدٌّ (yaddun); Sab. יד DHM ^{1883, 343} Mordt ^{ib. 1879, 492}; Ethiopic እድ (˒əd) (v. Lag ²²); Sam. אד (˒d); Assyrian idu, hand, strength COT; der. by most from √ ל״י, on ground of pl. and sf. forms in cogn. lang., v. especially Philippi ^{1878, 74} Ba ^{1887, 637}, but no trace of final י or ו in Heb., and meaning of such √ ל״י not clear; Thes al. from ידה extend, throw, but this in Arabic Ethiopic פ״ו, not פ״י, cf. Heb. Hiph.; Philippi comp. Arabic يَدَى (yadā) iv. strengthen;—Sta ^{182, 183} regards יד as bilit.)—abs. יָד Gn 38:28 +; cstr. יַד 41:35 +; sf. יָדִי 14:22 +; יָֽדְךָ 22:12 +; יָֽדְכָה Ex 13:16; יֶדְכֶם Gn 9:2 +; יֶדְכֶן Ez 13:21⁽⁾, 23, etc.; du. יָדַיִם Gn 34:21 +; cstr. יְדֵי 24:30 +; וִידֵי Ex 15:17 +, etc.; fpl. (in fig. senses) abs. יָדוֹת Gn 43:34 + 8 times; יָדֹת 47:24 + 2 times; cstr. וִידוֹת 1 K 7:32; sf. יְדֹתָיו Ex 26:19⁽⁾ + 2 times; יְדֹתֶיהָ 1 K 7:35, 36; יְדוֹתָם 1 K 7:33;— 1. hand of man Gn 3:22; 4:11; 8:9 + often; תַּבְנִית יָד Ez 8:3 the shape of a hand (of God in Ezek.’s vision); of cherubim ת׳ יַד אָדָם 10:8, דְּמוּת יְדֵי אָדָם v 21: a. right hand יַד־יְמִין(וֹ) Gn 48:17 (JE), Ju 7:20 2 S 20:9 Je 22:24 Ez 39:3 ψ 73:23; 121:5; יד[ם] הַיְמָנִית Ex 29:20 Lv 8:23, 24; 14:14, 17, 25, 28 (all P); a left-handed man is אִטֵּד יַד־יְמִינוֹ Ju 3:15; 20:16 (v. אטד); left hand יַד שְׂמֹאל(וֹ) 3:21; 7:20 Ez 39:3; both hands of one pers. are denoted by du., יָדַיִם Gn 27:22 2 K 3:11 + often; occasionally + numeral, שְׁתֵּי יָדָ֑י Dt 9:15, 17, so Lv 16:21 (P); du. also of hands of several persons Gn 5:29 Ex 29:10, 15, 19 Dt 31:29 2 K 11:16 = 2 Ch 23:15, Ez 21:12 +; yet sometimes sg. of hand of several persons Gn 19:16 Ex 29:9 Lv 8:24 Dt 1:25; 17:7⁽⁾ Ju 7:20⁽⁾ +. b. שְׁתֵּי כַּפּוֹת ידיו 1 S 5:4 the two palms of his hands; כַּפּוֹת הידים 2 K 9:35 Dn 10:10; אַצִּילוֹת יָדֶיךָ 9 Je 38:12 Ez 13:18; בֹּהֶן יָדָיו Ex 29:20 (P) = his thumbs (opp. בֹּהֶן רַגְלָם); בְּהֹנוֹת יד(יו) ורגל(יו) Ju 1:6, 7; bracelets were worn on hands, i.e. wrists Gn 24:22, 30, 47 (J), cf. thread bound on hand of Zerach 38:28⁽⁾, 29, 30 (J), and cords on hands of Samson Ju 15:14; the ring was worn on hand, i.e. finger Gn 41:42 (E), Est 3:10. c. as to hands in use, note זְרֹעֵי ידיו Gn 49:24 arms of his hands, i.e. arms which make his hands serviceable; מִלֵּא יָדוֹ בַּקֶּשֶׁת 2 K 9:24 he filled his hand with the bow, i.e. caused his hand to grasp it, seized it; הַרְכֵּב יָֽדְךָ עַל־הַקֶּשֶׁת 2 K 13:16⁽⁾; especially fig. of consecrating or installing (as priest), מִלֵּא יַד he filled the hand of any one (perhaps orig. gave the selected portions of animal-sacrifices to, v. Lv 8:25 ff., so Di), installed as priest Ju 17:5, 12 1 K 13:33 (sq. וְ subord.); elsewhere only P and late: Ex 28:41 (|| קִדַּשׁ), 29:9 also v 29 (|| משׁח), v 33 (קדּשׁ), v 35 Lv 8:33 2 Ch 13:9; 29:31, sq. inf. Lv 16:32 (|| משׁח), 21:10 (|| יוּצַק שֶׁמֶן), Nu 3:3 (|| משׁת); מִלֵּאתֶם יֶדְכֶם ליהוה 2 Ch 29:31 = ye have consecrated yourselves to י׳, is addressed appar. to the whole congregation (otherwise Be Öt and Di Ex 32:29); so the same expression Ex 32:29 (poss.) and 1 Ch 29:5 (certainly) of offering gifts to י׳; מִלְאוּ יָד֯ו Ez 43:26 of consecrating the altar (|| כִּפֶּר, טִהַר); שָׁלַח יַד לְ Ju 5:26 stretch out hand to, so ישׁלח אֶל־ 2 S 6:6 (insert ידו Vrss Dr); hence מִשְׁלַח יד(ך)ם that to which one puts the hand, fig., = undertaking, †Dt 12:7, 18; 15:10; 23:21; 28:8, 20 †; שׁלח יד also in hostile sense, c. בְּ, Ex 22:7 1 S 24:7, 11; 26:11 ψ 55:21 +; cf. מוֹאָב מִשְׁלוֹחַ יָדָם Is 11:14; אֶבֶן יָד Nu 35:17 (P) a stone (thrown from) the hand; כְּלִי עֵץ־יָד v 18 a weapon in the hand; מַקֵּל יָד Ez 39:9 a staff in the hand; idols are מַעֲשֵׂה יְדֵי וגו׳ Is 2:8 + often v. מַעֲשֶׂה; man is work of God’s hand Jb 14:15. d. special phrases: kissing with the hand וַתִּשַּׁק יָדִי לְפִי Jb 31:27; (in silence) יָדִי שַׂמְתִּי לְמוֹ פִי 40:4 Mi 7:16 (עַל־פֶּה); the creditor is בַּעַל מַשֵּׁה יָדוֹ Dt 15:2; the debt מַשָּׁא כָל־יָד Ne 10:32; תְּרוּמַת יֶדְכֶם Dt 12:6, 11, 17 11 the hand is placed תחת יָרֵךְ in taking an oath Gn 24:2 (J); lifted (הרים) to י׳ 14:22; so perhaps יָד עַל־כֵּם יָהּ Ex 17:16 (E) hand on the throne of Yah! (but difficult, v. Di VB); often c. נשׂא: the hand is lifted (נשׂא) to heaven Dt 32:40 (of י׳’s oath, poem); elsewhere chiefly Ez and P: simply lift (נשׂא) the hand ( = נשׁבע), sq. inf. Ex 6:8 Nu 14:30 (both P), Ez 20:28, 42; 47:14; sq. לְ pers. Ez 20:5⁽⁾ (del. Co as gloss); sq. לְ pers. + inf. Ez 20:6, 15, 23; abs. 36:7; hence (citations) Ne 9:15 ψ 106:26; cf. Ne 8:6 the people answered אָמֵן אָמֵן בְּמֹעַל יְדֵיהֶם; נשׂא יד(ים) elsewhere (of men) in prayer ψ 28:2; cf. 68:32, and יָדִי לַיְלָה נִגְּרָה 77:3. Also of God, to give a signal Is 49:22; to rescue ψ 10:12. יְנֹפֵף יָדוֹ Is 10:32 he brandisheth his hand (Assyrian, in defiance); הֵנִיף יָדוֹ Is 11:15 (of י׳ in judgment), cf. 19:16 Zc 2:13 (sq. על); הֵנִיעַ יָדוֹ Zp 2:15 (in derision); הוֹשִׁיעַ יד לְ one’s hand bringing deliverance to, gaining success, by force, for 1 S 25:26 + (v. Dr), ins. also v 31 (G We Dr); the hand is weary יָֽגְעָה 2 S 23:10, it cleaves (דבק) to the sword (אֶל־הַחֶרֶב) v 10 (both om. by accident in || 1 Ch 11:13, see VB); שֶׁבֶר יָד Lv 21:19 (H) fracture of hand = arm (|| שֶׁבֶר רגל); after נָתַן: give a pledge וַיִּתְּנוּ יָדָם לְהוֹצִיא נְשֵׁיהֶם Ezr 10:19; submit נָתַן יַד תַּחַת שְׁלֹמֹה 1 Ch 29:24, i.e. they acknowledged him as their lord; תְּנוּ־יָד ליהוה 2 Ch 30:8; other phr. c. prep. v. infr. e. of hand as strong, helpful, etc.:—(1) of man: עֹצֶם יָדִי Dt 8:17 (|| כֹּחִי); of fighting power of Edom בְּיָד חֲזָקָה Nu 20:20 (JE; || בְּעַם כָּבֵד; cf. infr. of God); קִצְרֵי־יָד small in power 2 K 19:26 = Is 37:27 (cf. infr. of God); Isr. went out of Egypt בְּיָד רָמָה according to P, Ex 14:8 Nu 33:3 i.e. boldly, defiantly; same phr. of presumptuousness (against י׳) Nu 15:30 (P, cf. יָדֵנוּ רָ֫מָה Dt 32:27). Phrases of strengthening are: חִזַּק יָדָיו Ju 9:24 Ne 6:9; חִזַּק בְּיָדַיִם Ezr 1:6; החזיק בְּיַד־ Jb 8:20 (v. חזק); לִהְיוֹת יָדָיו אִתּוֹ 2 K 15:19 that his hands might be with him, to confirm his position; cf. 2 S 14:19 Je 26:24 1 Ch 4:10; note also מִי־הוּא לְיָדִי יִתָּקֵעַ Jb 17:3 who is he (that) will strike his hand into mine, i.e. give me a pledge (v. sub תקע); strength fails when hands drop: וַיִּרְפּוּ יָדָיו 2 S 4:1 then his hands dropped down, he grew feeble, spiritless (v. רפה); רְפֵי יָדַיִם 17:2 11 (|| יָגֵעַ). (2) of (mighty) hand of God, pointing to earlier anthropomorphism; as strengthening Joseph Gn 49:24 (poem in J); as stretched out (שׁלח) to smite Ex 9:15 (J); so of מַלְאַךְ י׳ 2 S 24:16, sq. acc. + לְ inf., opp. הֶ֫רֶף יָדֶ֑ךָ v 16; as smiting (נָֽגְעָה בְּ) 1 S 6:9 Jb 19:21; as against (בְ among, in) cattle, etc., v 3 (J); city 1 S 5:9; the murrain v 3 (J); יַד־יהוה as heavy against (כבדה אֶל) 1 S 5:6; כָּֽבְדָה שָׁם v 11; קָֽשְׁתָה עַל v 7; of withdrawal of י׳’s chastising hand תָּסוּר יָדוֹ מִכֶּם 1 S 6:3; and (י׳ subj.) יָקֵל אֶת־יָדוֹ מֵעֲלֵיכֶם v 5; of י׳’s power to deliver his people:—†חֹ֫זֶק יָד Ex 13:3, 14, 16 (all JE) †; יָד חֲזָקָה 6:1⁽⁾ (JE), 13:9 (JE), Dt 6:21; 7:8 Jos 4:24 (D); especially in phr. (בְּ)יָד חֲזָקָה וּ(בִ)זְרוֹעַ נְטוּיָה Dt 4:34 + (v. זְרוֹעַ p. 284); יד חזקה + כֹּחַ גָּדוֹל Ex 32:11 (JE), Ne 1:10; הֲיַד י׳ תִּקְצָ֑ר Nu 11:23 (JE) is the hand of י׳ shortened? Is 50:2; 59:1 (both sq. מִן); יָד נְטוּיָה in judgment Is 9:11, 16, 20; 10:4; הָֽיְתָה יַד־י׳ עלי(ו) of grasp of י׳’s hand in prophetic inspiration Ez 1:3; 3:22; 37:1; 40:1 2 K 3:15; יַד־י׳ עָלַי חזקה Ez 3:14; so בְּחֶזְקַת הַיָּד֑ Is 8:11; of God’s (י׳’s) good hand = favour, (late) יַד אלה(יו) טוֹבָה על(יו) Ezr 7:9; 8:18 Ne 2:8, 18; without טוֹבָה Ezr 7:6, 28; 8:22, 31; sq. inf. יַד האלהים לָתֵת לָהֶם 2 Ch 30:12; בֳּיֽדְךָ לְגַדֵּל 1 Ch 29:12; in gen. בֳּיֽדְךָ כֹּחַ וּגְבוּרָה v 12; of protection בְּצֵל יָדוֹ Is 49:2 in the shadow of his (י׳’s) hand.

2. Fig. = strength, power:—לֹא הָיָה בָהֶם יָדַיִם לָנוּס Jos 8:20 (JE) there was not in them strength to flee; לֹא מָֽצְאוּ כָל־אַנְשֵׁי־חַיִל יְדֵיהֶם ψ 76:6 none of the men of might have found their hands, i.e. their powers are paralyzed in death (|| נָמוּ שְׁנָתָם); with ref. to pecuniary ability: תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֹ דֵּי שֶׂה Lv 5:7 (on this and others c. דֵּי v. דַּי p. 191); תַּגִּיעַ יָדוֹ לִשְׁתֵּי תוֹרִים v 11 if his hand do not reach to two turtledoves; אֵין יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת 14:21 if his hand be unable to reach; so combinations with נשׂג Hiph.: v 22, 30, 31, 32 Nu 6:21 (all foregoing P), Lv 25:26, 47, 49; 27:8 (all H), Ez 46:7; כְּמַתְּנַת יָדוֹ Dt 16:17 according to the giving of his hand, i.e. his ability; similarly מַתַּת יָדוֹ Ez 46:5, 11; on יֶשׁ־לְאֵל יָדִי Gn 31:29, etc., v. ii. אֵל p. 43a supr.; other phr. c. prep. v. infr.; of dominion of king לְהָשִׁיב יָדוֹ בְּ 2 S 8:3 read prob. as || 1 Ch 18:3 לְהַצִּיב יָדוֹ בְּ to establish his dominion at; hand = display of strength, action of י׳ ψ 78:42 Jb 27:11 Dt 34:12; especially הַיָּד הַגֶּדֹלָה אֲשֶׁד עָשָׂה י׳ Ex 14:31 (J) = the great achievement which י׳ did.

3. Fig. = side: a. of way יַד דֶּרֶךְ 1 S 4:13 Qr (Kt יך; but read prob. לְיַד השׁער v. Dr). b. of gate בְּעַד יַד־הַשַּׁעַר 1 S 4:18 (text dub., v. Dr). c. of stream or wady כָּל־יַד נַחַל יַבֹּק Dt 2:37. Especially du.: d. of land, ארץ רַחֲבַת יָדַיִם Gn 34:21 (P) the land is wide of (on) both hands, i.e. in both directions, Ju 18:10 Is 22:18 1 Ch 4:40; of city Ne 7:4; of sea ψ 104:25; of streams רַחֲבֵי יָדָ֑יִם Is 33:21; מִיּד כִּתִּים Nu 24:24 (JE) from the direction of Kittim.—Other phr. c. prep. v. infr. e. side = place, properly place at one side וְיָד תִּהְיֶה לְךָ מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה Dt 23:13; אִישׁ אֶת־יָדוֹ Je 6:3 each (in) his place; so כָּל־אִישׁ עַל־יָדוֹ Nu 2:17 (P);—v. other phrases c. prep. infr.

4. יָד is used also in special senses:—a. monument 1 S 15:12; 2 S 18:18; 1 Ch 18:3 Is 56:5 sign Ez 21:24. †b. part, fractional part or share: of seed Gn 47:24 (J); share in king 2 S 19:44; of fighting men 2 K 11:7; of people Ne 11:1. †c. time, repetition Gn 43:34 (J), Dn 1:20. Also f.pl. (only in fig. senses):—†d. 3 1 K 7:32, 33 (S ܐܻܝܕܰܗܳܬܳܐ (˒idahoto)). †e. stays, supports for laver 1 K 7:35, 36; stays at sides of throne 1 K 10:19⁽⁾ = 2 Ch 9:18⁽⁾. †f. tenons on sides of boards of tabernacle שְׁתֵּי יָדוֹת Ex 26:17 (P), also v 19⁽⁾ 36:22, 24⁽⁾. g. יָד חָזִית Is 57:8 according to Hi De Che Or Brd Du and most = a phallus thou beholdest; this favoured by context but without support in Heb. usage; Di a (beckoning) hand.

5. יָד with prep.:—a. אֶל־יַד:—(1) after vb. of motion, into the charge, custody, of Est 2:3, 8⁽⁾, 14; (2) אֶל־יַד by the side of gate 2 S 18:4; אֶל־יָדִי by my side, next to me 14:30; אֶל־יַד דֶּרֶךְ Ez 48:1a; אֶל־יַד חֲמָת v b (but on text v. Co); cf. also לְיַד, עַל־יַד. b. בְּיַד into the hand: (1) נָתַן בְּיַד give into the hand of, lit., Gn 27:17; (2) into the possession of נָתַן בְּיַד Ex 10:25 (JE); especially (3) נתן ביד = give into the power of, deliver over to Jos 6:2; 7:7 (both JE), Dt 1:27 Ju 2:14a; 13:1; 15:12 1 K 22:6 2 K 18:30; 19:10; מָכַר בְּיַד sell into the hand of Ju 2:14b; 3:8; 4:2, 9; 10:7; נפל בְּיַד fall into the hand of 15:18 2 S 24:14; וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם בְּיַד פִּשְׁעָם Jb 8:4 and he delivered them into the power of their transgression, gave them over to it; also Is 64:6, which read וַתְּמַגְּנֵנוּ for MT וַתְּמוּגֵנוּ; (4) נתן בְּיַד = entrust to Gn 30:35; 32:17. c. בְּיַד in the hand of: (1) lit. מַטְּךָ אֲשֶׁר בְּיָדֶ֑ךָ Gn 38:18 (J) thy staff which is in thy hand, Ex 7:17 (J), 17:9 (E), 32:15 Nu 22:23, 31 Jos 5:13; 8:18 (all JE), 1 S 13:22; 14:27; 17:50; 18:10; 20:10 2 K 11:8, 11 = 2 Ch 23:7, Am 7:7 Is 6:6 Ez 40:3, 5; 47:3 Zc 2:5; 8:4; אֵין בְּיָדִי רָעָה וָפֶ֫שַׁע 1 S 14:12 there is not in my hand evil or transgression (orig. prob. of stains of blood, or other evidences of crime); מַה־בְּיָדִי רָעָה 26:18; (2) fig. in the possession of, Ex 21:16 (JE); נִמְצָא בְּיָדִי 1 S 9:8 there is found in my hand, i.e. I happen to have (¼ shekel); (3) in the (physical) power of Gn 16:6 (J; cf. תִּתְעַנִּי תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ v 9), Jb 1:12; בְּיַד לָשׁ74ן֫֒ Pr 18:21 in the power of a tongue; in the care or charge of, entrusted to, Gn 39:23 (J); under the authority of 2 S 18:2⁽⁾ Nu 31:49 (P);—in Je 41:9 (AV because of Gedaliah), read בּוֹר גָּדוֹל הוּא for ביד גדליהו הוא G Hi Kue Gf Che Gie Dr ²⁹¹; (4) בְּיַד also with vbs. of taking, וַיִּקַּח בְּיָדוֹ אֶת־הָאֵשׁ Gn 22:6 and he took the fire in his hand, Ex 4:17, 20, 21 (all E), 1 S 17:40 2 K 9:1; thence to denote accompaniment, taking or being with one Jos 9:11 (JE), 2 S 8:10 1 K 14:3 2 K 5:5; אִישׁ שׁוֹרוֹ בְּיָדוֹ 1 S 14:34 cf. 16:2; קַח בֳּיֽדְךָ שְׁלשִׁים אֲנָשִׁים Je 38:10. d. בְּיַד by the agency or instrumentality of Gn 38:20 (J), Ju 6:36 1 S 11:7; 16:20 2 S 3:18; 10:2; 11:14; 12:25 2 K 14:27 2 Ch 1:17; 7:6 (orig. lit. sense discernible sometimes); especially of י׳’s speaking by the agency of prophets Ex 9:35 (R), Lv 8:36; 10:11 Nu 4:37, 45; 9:23; 10:13; 17:5 Jos 14:2; 20:2; 21:2, 8 (all P), 1 S 28:15, 17 1 K 16:7, 12, 34 2 K 9:36; 17:18, 28 2 Ch 10:15; 33:8; 34:14; 35:6 Ne 8:14; 9:14, 30; מוּת בְּיַד י׳ Ex 16:3 (P) die by the hand of י׳; בְּיַד by the side of (vary rare) ψ 141:6 Zc 4:12 olive-branches beside the two golden pipes; = near to, in time, נָכוֹן בְּיָדוֹ יוֹם חֹשֶׁךְ Jb 15:23 ready at his hand is a day of darkness (i.e. near at hand). e. הַמֶּלֶךְ כְּיַד 1 K 10:13 Est 1:7; 2:18 according to the hand (bounty) of the king. f. יָד לְיָד ‘hand to hand, surely’ Pr 11:21 לְיַד by the side of 1 S 19:3 1 Ch 18:17; 23:28 Ne 11:24 Pr 8:3 ψ 140:6. g. מִיַּד out of the hand:—(1) out of the power of, often nearly = מִן, used idiomat. c. many vbs.: c. הִצִּיל Gn 32:12⁽⁾ (J), Ex 2:19; 18:9, 10⁽⁾ (all JE), 1 S 17:37; מִתַּחַת יַד Ex 18:10 (JE; so c. פשׁע 2 Ch 21:8, 10⁽⁾; cf. i. infr.); of animals מִיַּד 1 S 17:37⁽⁾, מִיַּדִ־כֶּלֶב ψ 22:21; even of inanimate things י׳ לֶהָבָה Is 47:14 י׳ פַּח ψ 141:9; c. לָקַח Nu 21:26 (JE), 1 K 11:34, 35; c. קָרַע v 12, 31; c. מִלֵּט, מ׳ מִיַּד שְׁאוֹל ψ 89:49; c. פָּדָה, פ׳ מִיַּד שְׁאוֹל Ho 13:14 (|| מִמָּ֫וֶת), ψ 49:16; פ׳ מִידֵי חֶרֶב Jb 5:20; pregn. יִשְׁפְּטֵנִי מִיָּדֶ֑ךָ 1 S 24:16 may he (י׳) judge (and save) me out of thy hand; so 2 S 18:19 and (with רִיב for שׁפט) 1 S 25:39; (2) מִיּד of separation, מִיָּֽדְךָ נִגֳז֑רוּ ψ 88:6 of wicked, cut off from nearness to God; (3) דָּרַשׁ מִיַּד exact (at the hand) of 2 S 4:11 Gn 9:5⁽⁾ (P), Ez 33:6; 34:10 ( = דָּרַשׁ מֵעִם Dt 18:19), also of animals Gn 9:5; בִּקֵּשׁ מִיַּד Ez 33:8; קָנָה מִיַּד Ru 4:5, 9 acquire at the hand of; נִקַּם מִיַּד 2 K 9:7; הִקְרִיב מִיַּד Lv 22:25 (H), רָצָה מִיַּד (י׳ subj.) Mal 1:10, 13; לָקַח רָצוֹן מִיַּד 2:13. h. עַל־יד(י):—(1) upon the hand(s) of תְּנָה אֹתוֹ עַל־יָדִי Gn 42:37 = entrust him to me (E; lit. put him upon my hand); יַגִּירֻהוּ עַל־יְדֵי־חָ֑רֶב ψ 63:11 they shall pour him out upon the hands of the sword = deliver him up to the sword; so Je 18:21 Ez 35:5; (2) עַל־יָד by hand Pr 13:11; עַל־יַד, עַל־יְדֵי according to the hand(s) of = at the guidance, direction of: עַל־יַד 1 Ch 25:2a 2 Ch 26:13; עַל־יְדֵי Je 5:31; 33:13; so 1 Ch 25:2b, 3, 6⁽⁾; עַל־יְדֵי דָוִיד 2 Ch 23:18 Ezr 3:10; עַל־יְדֵי כְּלִי דָוִיד 2 Ch 29:27 according to the guidance of the instruments of David; (3) by the side of, way עַל־יַד דֶּרֶךְ הַשַּׁעַר 2 S 15:2; river (היאר) עַל־יַד Ex 2:5 (E), Nu 13:29 (JE; || עַל־הַיָּם), Je 46:6 Dn 10:4; city Jos 15:46 (JE); person ( = in the company of) 2 S 15:18; people 2 Ch 21:16; especially late עַל־יַד next to (in a series) 17:15, 16, 18; 31:15 Ne 3:2⁽⁾ + 13 times Ne 3, 13:13; עַל־יְדֵי by the side of Ju 11:26; people (אדום) עַל־יְדֵי Nu 34:3 (P), 1 Ch 7:29; cattle Jb 1:14; הֶעֱמִיד עַל־יְדֵי שִׁיר 1 Ch 6:16 he stationed them by the side of song, i.e. to watch over the singing. i. תַּחַת יַד under the hand = in the possession, at the disposal of; וְאִין יֶשׁ־פֹּה תַֿחַת־ָיֽדְךָ חֲנִית וגו׳ 1 S 21:9; = in the power of, subject to Is 3:6 come, thou shalt be our ruler and this ruin under thy hand; pl. sq. vb., וְהִתְעַנִּי תַּחַת יָדֶיהָ Gn 16:9 (J) and submit thyself under her hands, her authority, Is 3:6.—מִתַּחַת יַד v. g. (1) supr., and sub תַּחַת. for מִתַּחַת יַד, 2 K 8:20, 22 ( = 2 Ch 21:8, 10), 13:5; 17:7.

†יִדְאֲלָה S GK n.pr.loc. in Zebulun Jos 19:15, G Ιερειχω, GL Ιεδαλα; S ܥܪܐܠܐ (˓r˒l˒); site unknown.

יִדְבָּשׁ S GK v. sub דְּבַשׁ p. 185b supr.

†I. [יָדַד S TWOT GK] vb. cast a lot (cf. Ethiopic ወደደ (wadada) immittere, etc. Di ⁹³⁵)—only Qal Pf. 3 mpl. יַדּוּ גוֹרָל עַל Na 3:10 Ob 11; יַדּוּ גוֹרָל אֶל־ Jo 4:3. (Poss. wrongly pointed pfs. of ידה Pi. q.v.)

II. ידד S TWOT GK (√ of foll.; love, cf. Arabic وَدَّ (wadda) love; Aramaic Pa. ܝܰܕܶܕ (yaded) love, also deriv.; Sab. epith. f. ודת 2, DHM ^{1883, 391}; v. also דוד).

†[יָדִיד S TWOT GK] adj. (poet.) beloved (NH id., Aramaic ܝܰܕܺܝܕܳܐ (yadido))—cstr. יְדִיד Dt 33:12; sf. לִידִידִי Is 5:1⁽⁾ Je 11:15; לִידִידוֹ ψ 127:2; pl. sf. יְדִידֶיךָ 60:7; 108:7; f. יְדִידֹת 45:1; יְדִידוֹת 84:2;— 1. my beloved, used by proph. of י׳ under fig. of husbandman Is 5:1⁽⁾; so my (thy, his) beloved Je 11:15 ψ 60:7 = 108:7, 127:2; beloved, of Benj. as beloved by י׳ Dt 33:12. 2. lovely, מַה־יְּדִידוֹת מִשְׁכְּנוֹתֶיךָ ψ 84:2 how lovely are thy habitations! 3. fpl. as abstr. subst. שִׁיר יְדִידֹת ψ 45:1 = a song of love.

†יְדִדוּת S TWOT GK n.f. love = obj. of love;—only cstr. יְדִדוּת נַפְשִׁי Je 12:7 (י׳ speaks) love (i.e beloved) of my soul.

†יְדִידָה S GK n.pr.f. (beloved) mother of Josiah 2 K 22:1; G Ιεδεια, GL Ιεδιδα.

†יְדִידְיָה n.pr.m. (beloved of Yah; cf. Sab. ודדאל DHM ^{1875, 604; 1883, 15})—name given to Solomon by Nathan; וַיִּקְרָא אֶת־שְׁמוֹ יְדִידְיָהֿ֑ בַּעֲבוּר יהוה 2 S 12:25; G Ιδεδει, GL Ιεδδιδια.

†יִדּוֹ S GK n.pr.m. 1. a Manassite, 1 Ch 27:21, G Ιαδδαι. 2. one of those who took foreign wives Ezr 10:43 Kt (Qr יַדַּי; cf. Palm. ידי = dilectus Vog ⁵), G Δια, A Ιαδει, GL Ιαδιαι.

יַדַּי S GK n.pr.m. v. יִדּוֹ.

†מֵידָד S GK n.pr.m. one who (with אֶלְדָּד) prophesied in the camp of Isr. Nu 11:26, 27 (JE), G Μωδαδ.

†[יָדָה S TWOT GK^, ] vb. throw, cast (Arabic وَدَى (wadā) exeruit, emisit, ii. iv. emisit (all now in special senses); Ethiopic ወደየ (wadaya) throw, cast on or in (very often; cf. ወደደ (wadada)); whence Hiph. give thanks, confess (orig. acknowledge?) is commonly derived, perhaps from gestures accompanying the act, v. Thes Lag ^{ii. 22}, yet connexion uncertain; Aramaic Pa. וַדֵּי, Aph. אוֹדִי confess, ܐܰܘܕܺܝ, ܐܫܬܘܕܝ (˒awdi, ˒štwdy) id.; but Ethiopic አስተዋደየ (˒astawādaya) accuse, perhaps also from gesture; Palm. מודא render thanks, often in votive inscrr., see Vog on No. 79; עבד ומודא Vog ¹⁰¹ = εὐχαρίστως ἀνέθηκε; מודן כל יום Vog ^{93. 1}; ידתא pious Vog ²⁹) Palm. ידתא 4 (arrows) at Je 50:14 (read prob., with some Codd. יְרוּ). Pi. Impf. וַיַּדּוּ בִּי La 3:53 and they cast (stones) on me; Inf. יַדּוֹת Zc 2:4 to cast down (the horns of the nations).

Hiph. (connex. with ידה throw, obscure, yet v. supr.) Pf. הוֹדוּ 1 K 8:33 + 3 times; הוֹדִינוּ ψ 75:2⁽⁾; Impf. יְהוֹדֶה Ne 11:17 (on form v. Ges ^{53, R. 7}); יוֹדֶה ψ 6:6; i s. sf. אֲהוֹדֶנּוּ 28:7 (Ges); אוֹדֶנּוּ 42:6, 12; 43:5; pl. יוֹדוּ 99:3 + 6 times; sf. יְהוֹדוּךָ 44:18 (Ges); יוֹדֻךָ 49:19, etc. + 41 times Impf.; Imv. הוֹדוּ Is 12:4 + 16 times; הֹדוּ ψ 107:1; Inf. הוֹדוֹת 1 Ch 25:3 + 11 times; הוֹדֹת Ezr 3:11; הֹדוֹת 1 Ch 16:7 + 4 times (see Baer ψ 92:2); Pt. מוֹדֶה Pr 28:13; pl. מוֹדִים 1 Ch 29:13;— 1. give thanks, laud, praise; a. c. acc. (1) of men, Judah Gn 49:8 (poetic play on name); Job (ironical) Jb 40:14; the king ψ 45:18; the rich 49:19; (2) of י׳, Gn 29:35 (J expl. name יהודה); elsewhere (mostly ψψ and Ch) of ritual worship (v. Lag^{. ii. 22 f.}); obj. שֵׁם י׳ Is 25:1 ψ 44:9; 54:8; 99:3; 138:2; 142:7; פֶּלֶא י׳ 89:6; יהוה 7:17; 9:2; 109:30; 111:1; יָהּ 118:19; sf. -ךָ referring to God 30:10, 13; 35:18; 43:4; 52:11; 67:4⁽⁾, 6⁽⁾; 71:22; 76:11; 88:11; 118:21, 28; 119:7; 138:1; 139:14 Is 38:18, 19 (song of Hez.); נּוּ—ֶ ψ 42:6, 12; 43:5; מִשִּׁירִי אֲהוֹדֶנּוּ 28:7 with my song will I praise him; אוֹדְךָ י׳ I will praise thee י׳ 2 S 22:50 = ψ 18:50 = 108:4, Is 12:1 (exilic hymn); אדני ψ 57:10; 86:12, cf. 138:4; 145:10. b. sq. לְ, only of the ritual worship: לְשֵׁם י׳ ψ 106:47 = 1 Ch 16:35, ψ 122:4; 140:14; לְזֵכֶר קָדְשׁוֹ 30:5; 97:12; לי׳ 1 Ch 16:4, 7, 41; 23:30; 25:3 2 Ch 5:13; 7:6; 20:22 ψ 33:2; 92:2; 105:1 = 1 Ch 16:8 = Is 12:4; הודו לי׳ כי טוב give thanks to י׳ for he is good ψ 106:1; 107:1; 118:1, 29; 136:1 1 Ch 16:34; so Je 33:11 (sq. אֶת־י׳); cf. הוד(ו)ת 2 Ch 7:3 Ezr 3:11; יודו לי׳ חסדו ψ 107:8, 15, 21, 31; לאלהים Ne 12:46 ψ 136:1; לאדני v 3; לאל v 26; sfs. referring to God: לְךָ 6:6; 79:13; 119:62; לוֹ 100:4; לד + אלהים 75:2⁽⁾ 1 Ch 29:13; abs. 2 Ch 31:2 Ne 11:17; 12:24 all of the ritual worship. 2. confess, a. the name of God, || שׁוּב, התחנן, התפלל, 1 K 8:33, 35 = 2 Ch 6:24, 26. b. עֲלֵי פשׁע ψ 32:5 (|| לֹא כִסִּיתִי); מוֹדֶה וְעֹזֵב (פשׁעיו) Pr 28:13 confessing and forsaking (his transgressions; opp. מְכַסֶּה).

Hithp. Pf. הִתְוַדָּה Lv 5:5; 16:21; הִתְוַדּוּ 26:40 Nu 5:7; Impf. i s. אֶתְוַדֶּה Dn 9:4; pl. יִתְוַדּוּ Ne 9:2; Inf. sf. הִתְוַדֹּתוֹ Ezr 10:1; Pt. מִתְוַדֶּה Ne 1:6 Dn 9:20; pl. מִתְוַדִּים 2 Ch 30:22 Ne 9:3;— 1. confess, abs. Ezr 10:1 Ne 9:3 Dn 9:4; c. acc. עָוֹן Lv 16:21 (P), 26:40 (H); חטאת Nu 5:7 (P), Dn 9:20; אֲשֶׁר חָטָא Lv 5:5 (P); עַל חטאות Ne 1:6; 9:2. 2. give thanks, ליהוה, in the ritual worship 2 Ch 30:22.

†הֻיְּדוֹת S TWOT GK n.f.pl. songs of praise;—Ne 12:8; so Thes but dub.; Ew ^{165 b} abstr. הֻיְּדוּת (many MSS.) praising; Ol ²²⁰ reads inf. הוֹדוֹת.

הוֹדַוְיָה S GK; n.pr.m. 1. 1 Ch 5:24. 2. 1 Ch 9:7. 3. Ezr 2:10 (replace by יְהוּדָה, 3:9). הוֹדַוְיָהוּ Q., הודיוהו K n.pr.m. 1 Ch 3:24.

†תּוֹדָה S TWOT GK n.f. thanksgiving, תּ׳ Lv 7:12 + 23 times; cstr. תּוֹדַת Lv 7:13, 15; pl. תּוֹדוֹת ψ 56:13 + 3 times; תּוֹדֹת Ne 12:31, 40;— 1. give praise to י׳ Jos 7:19 (JE; || שִׂים כָּבוֹד לְ׳), Ezr 10:11, in both of praise rendered by acknowledging and abandoning sin; v. Di on Jos, and on Ezr. Öt and especially Ryle; cf. vb. ידה c. לְ; so RVm; > Thes MV SS Be RV al. confession. 2. thanksgiving in songs of liturgical worship קול ת׳ ψ 26:7; 42:5 Jon 2:10; || שִׁיר ψ 69:31 Ne 12:27; || זְמִרוֹת ψ 95:2; || קוֹל זִמְרָה Is 51:3; || תְּהִלָּה ψ 100:4; || כִּנּוֹר 147:7. 3. thanksgiving choir, procession, line, company Ne 12:31, 38, 40, prob. also Je 30:19 (|| קוֹל מְשַׂחֲקִים). 4. 2 קטּר ת׳ Am 4:5 (|| נְדָבוֹת); a division of זֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים Lv 7:12a; זבח ת׳ שׁלמיו v 13, 15; זבח (ה)ת׳ v 12b (all P), 22:29 (H); זבחים ותודות 2 Ch 29:31⁽⁾; זבחי שְׁלָמִים ות׳ 33:16; ת׳ זבח זבח(י) ψ 107:22; 116:17; ת׳ מבאי(ם) Je 17:26; 33:11; לתודה ψ 100:1 (title); in ψψ || נדרים: זָבַח ת׳ 2 50:14, 23 (see Br ²³⁹); שׁלּם ת׳ 56:13.

†יְדוּתוּן S TWOT GK, יְדֻתוּן n.pr.m. usually יְדוּתוּן; יְדֻתוּן 2 Ch 5:12; 35:15; יְדיּ֯תוּן ψ 39:1; 77:1 Ne 11:17 1 Ch 16:38; chief of one of the three choirs of the temple (only Chr & ψ-titles) 1 Ch 9:16; 16:38, 41, 42; 25:3⁽⁾, 6 2 Ch 5:12; the king’s seer 35:15; his descendants formed one of the perpetual temple choirs בְּנֵי יְדוּתוּן 1 Ch 16:42; 25:1, 3 2 Ch 29:14; בֶּן־יְדיּ֯תוּן Ne 11:17. In ψ-titles על ידותון ψ 62:1, 77:1 (Qr); לִידיּתוּן 39:1 (לְ error for על־), all = after the manner of (the choir of) Yeduthun (musical term according to RS ^{442, 2nd ed. 143}).—v. also Lag ^{ii. 16ff.} and n.pr. אָסָף, הֵימָן (sub אמן), אֵיתָן (sub יתן).

†יְדָיָה S GK n.pr.m. 1. a Simeonite chief 1 Ch 4:37, G Ιδια, GL Ιεδδαα. 2. a builder at the wall Ne 3:10, G Ιεδαια, GL Ιεδδεια.

יְדִידְיָה v. sub ידד supr.

יְדָיָה S GK v. sub ידה supr.

יְדִיעֲאֵל S GK v. sub ידע infr.

ידיתוּן = ידותון v. sub ידה.

†יִדְלָ֑ף S GK n.pr.m. son of Nahor Gn 22:22 (J) (√ דלף? = he weepeth?) G Ιελδαφ, GL Ιεδλαφ.

יָדַע S TWOT GK^, ₉₄₃ vb. know (NH id.; Aramaic יְדַע, ܝܺܕܰܥ (yida˓) Ph. ידע; Ethiopic አይድዐ (˒aydə˓a) ii. i. indicate, announce, narrate; Assyrian idû, know, COT; Sab. ידע, especially in cpd. n.pr. DHM ^{1875, 612})—Qal Pf. יָדַע Gn 4:1 +; יָדָ֑ע Lv 5:1 +; sf. יְדָעוֹ Dt 34:10 Jb 28:7; יְדָעָהּ Gn 24:16 1 K 1:4; יְדָעָ֫נוּ Is 63:16; 3 fs. יָֽדְעָה Ju 11:39 + 4 times; 2 ms. יָדַ֫עְתָּ Gn 30:26 +; יָדַ֫עְתָּה 2 S 2:26; יָדַ֫עַתְּ Ru 2:11 1 K 2:15; יָדָ֑עַתְּ Je 50:24; וְיָדַ֫עַתְּ consec. Ru 3:4 + 6 times (incl. Ez 22:16, Co וִידַעְתֶּם, so G T) + Ez 28:22 Co (for וְיָדְֽעוּ), so G; יָדַ֫עְתִּי Gn 4:9 +; sf. יְדַעְתִּ֫יךָ Ex 33:12 + 2 times; יְדַעְתִּיו Gn 18:19; יְדַעְתִּים Pr 30:18; יְדַעְתִּין Is 48:7; יָֽדְעוּ Gn 19:8 +; יָדָ֑עוּ 2 K 4:39 +; יָֽדְעוּן Dt 8:3, 16 (Dr ^{6 n.}); 2 mpl. יְדַעְתֶּם Gn 44:15 +; 2 fpl. יְדַעְתֶּן Gn 31:6; וִידַעְתֶּן consec. Ez 13:21, 23, etc.; Impf. יֵדַע Is 7:16 +; יֵדָ֑ע Jos 22:22 + 5 times; יְיֵדָ֑ע ψ 138:6 (read prob. יֵידָ֑ע v. Ges ^{69, 2 R. 3}); וַיֵּ֫דַע Gn 4:17 +; sf. יֵדָֽעֶנּוּ Je 17:9; וְיֵדָֽעֵם Ho 14:10; Imv. דַּע Gn 20:7 + 10 times; דְּעֶה Pr 24:14; דָּ֑ע Ec 11:9; sf. דָּעֵ֫הוּ Pr 3:6; דְּעִי Je 2:19 + 4 times; דְּעוּ Nu 32:23 + 15 times; Inf. cstr. דֵּעָה Ex 2:4; דַּ֫עַת Gn 3:22 +; דַּעְתִּי Dt 9:24 Is 48:4, etc.; Inf. abs. יָדוֹעַ Gn 43:7 Jos 23:13; יָדֹעַ Gn 15:13 + 11 times; Pt. act. יֹדֵעַ Gn 3:5 +; f. יֹדַ֫עַת Nu 31:17 + 2 times; יֹדְעִים 2 K 17:26 +; pass. וִידוּעַ cstr. Is 53:3; pl. וִידֻעִים Dt 1:13, 15;— 1. a. know, learn to know, good and evil Gn 3:22 (J), sq. אֶת־אֲשֶׁר 1 S 28:9; מִסְפַּר הָעָם 2 S 24:2; anything מְאוּמָה 1 S 20:39; לֹא יָדַע אִתּוֹ מְאוּמָה Gn 39:6 (v. II. אֵת 1 b), so v 8; כָּל־דָּבָר 2 S 15:11; subj. God, knowing fowls ψ 50:11; way to wisdom Jb 28:23, etc.; of bird of prey נָתִיב לֹא וְדָעוֹ עָ֑יִט Jb 28:7; the price of wisdom Jb 28:13; something future יום מוֹתִי Gn 27:2 (J); especially sq. cl. Gn 12:11 (J) I know that thou art a woman of fair appearance, 22:12 (E), Ec 1:17; לֹא ידעתי Gn 28:16; answering qu. Where? without other obj., 4:9 (both J); sq. acc. + בְּ, in, in the matter of (v. בְּ I 2 b) לֹא יָדַע עַבְדְּךָ בְּכָל־זֹאת דָּבָר קָטֹן אוֹ גדוֹל 1 S 22:15 thy servant knoweth not of all this anything, little or much; sq. בְּ (rare), gain knowledge of, learn of or about, c. inf., הֲתֵדַע בְּשׂוּם־אֱלוֹהַּ עֲלֵיהֶם Jb 37:15 dost thou know about God’s enjoining upon them? also c. subst. אִישׁ אַל־יֵדַע בַּדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה Je 38:24 let not a man know of these words; similarly sq. עַל, only הֲתֵדַע עַל־מִפְלְשֵׂי־עָ֑ב Jb 37:16 dost thou know concerning the balancings of clouds? (in Jb 12:9 בְּ is instr. as Gn 15:8 ψ 41:12); sq. מִן, רְאוּ וּדְעוּ מִכָּל־הַמַּחֲבֹאִים 1 S 23:23 9 but sq. obj. cl. + מִן of source, קֶדֶם יָדַעְתִּי מֵעֵדֹתֶ֑יךָ כִּי ψ 119:152 long ago I gained knowledge out of thy testimonies that etc.; sq. לְ, have knowledge of, †יָדַעְתָּ לְאִוַּלְתִּי ψ 69:6 thou knowest my foolishness; especially וידע כי אני יהוה and he shall (thou shalt, etc.) know that I am Yahweh Ex 10:2 (R), 6:7; 14:4; 16:12; 29:46 (all P), Ez 6:7, 10, 13 + often in Ezek., 1 K 20:13, 28; sq. acc., which is really subj. of foll. cl., Gn 18:19 (J) I know him that he will, etc. 2 S 3:25 (Ges ^{117. 1, R. 6}). b. perceive Gn 19:33, 35 (J obj. cl., inf. c. בְּ); with added idea of observing, taking note of, a place, acc. Ru 3:4; c. בְּ, יָדַעְתָּ בְּצָרוֹת נַפְשִׁי ψ 31:8 (|| רָאָה אֶת־). c. || ראה, imv. דע וראה perceive and see 1 S 12:17; 24:12; find out and discern 14:38; 23:22; in reverse order, ראו ודעו only 23:23 (v. a supr.), Je 5:1 (v. Dr).—Vid. also g infr. d. discriminate, distinguish הַאֵדַע בֵּין־טוֹב לְרָ֑ע 2 S 19:36, cf. Dt 1:39 (no בֵּין); לֹא יָדְֽעוּ בֵין־יְמִינוֹ לִשְׂמֹאלוֹ Jon 4:11 they cannot distinguish between their right hand and their left. e. know by experience, וִידַעְתֶּם בְּכָל־לְבַבְכֶם וּבְכָל־נַפְשְׁכֶם כִּי Jos 23:14 (D) and know in all your hearts, and all your souls, that, etc.; learn to know י׳ Ho 13:4; learn (a bitter lesson) Ho 9:7 Is 9:8 ψ 14:4; experience י׳’s vengeance Ez 25:14 ψ 14:4 (abs.); quietness Jb 20:20. f. recognise, admit, acknowledge, confess Je 3:13; 14:20 Is 59:12 ψ 51:5. g. consider דְּעוּ מַה־תַּעֲשׂוּ Ju 18:14; || ראה, imv. דע וראה, דעו וראו, 2 S 24:13 1 K 20:7, 22; also וְיָדַעְתָּ עִם־לִבָבֶ֑ךָ כִּי Dt 8:5 and thou shalt consider with (in) thy heart, that, 4:39. h. לֹא ידע not know = not expect Is 47:11